scholarly journals Disputable Issues in the Russian History of the 16th Century

2019 ◽  
pp. 19-25
Author(s):  
Knud Rasmussen
Keyword(s):  
Associate Professor ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Russian History ◽  
State University ◽  
10Th Anniversary ◽  
History Of ◽  
Controversial Problem ◽  
Ivan The Terrible ◽  
First Time ◽  
Death Of The Author

Knud Rasmussen (1930–1985) was a famous Danish historian, Professor at Institute of Slavic Studies at University of Copenhagen, specialist in medieval Russia, author of a dozen of scientific monographs published in large editions including in Russian. In 1973, he defended his thesis titled “The Livonian crisis of 1554–1561”. According to the list of works published by J. Lind, 13 publications are devoted to the epoch of Ivan the Terrible. This article, published for the first time, is presented in the form of a report at the conference in Hungary. The scientist consistently outlined the main tasks and problems related to the study of Russian history abroad, in particular, in Denmark. He told what plan was built for the team of Danish historians who decided in the early 1970s to prepare a textbook on Russian history in the form of a problem historiographic course for Danish students, and how this plan was implemented. The study of works on Russian history and their systematization helped the team of Danish historians, which included K. Rasmussen, develop a special historiographic method and its principles, which led to developing understanding of the problematic historical field as a whole and placing individual research in it. As a result, a multivolume manual was written; by the time of K. Rasmussen’s speech, 3 volumes were published, covering the period of Russian history from the 17th to the 20th century inclusive. K. Rasmussen worked on preparing a volume on the Russian history of the 16th century. In the second part of his speech (article), the author shared his thoughts on the chosen approach to the assessment of historiography and spoke about the content of this volume, where he outlined the controversial problem of enslaving peasants, discussions on the reasons for backwardness of Russian cities as the basis of Moscow defeats in Livonia, possible ways of Russian revival, on the state and its institutions and on the development of historical events in the field of domestic policy. This volume was published after the death of the author in the same year: Rasmussen Knud. Ruslands historie i det 16. Arhundrede: En forsknings-og kildeoversigt. Kobenhavn, 1985. 161 s. Bibliography about K. Rasmussen: Lind J. Creative Way Knud Rasmussen (on the 10th anniversary of his death) // Archeographic Yearbook for 1995. – Moscow : Nauka, 1995. – P. 160–165; Lind J. H. Knud Rasmussen in memoriam // Jacob Ulfeld. Travel to Russia. – M. : Languages of Slavic culture, 2002. – Р. 17–25; Vozgrin V. E. Knud Rasmussen and Zans Bagger – Danish historians of Russia // Proceedings of the Department of the History of New and Newest Times of St. Petersburg State University. – 2016. – № 16 (2). – Р. 205–219. The abstract is prepared by Candidate of Sciences (History), Associate Professor N.V. Rybalko.

Russian Idea, the

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Walicki
Keyword(s):  
Russian History ◽  
Russian Culture ◽  
The Third ◽  
Peter The Great ◽  
First Case ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
Vladimir Solov'ev ◽  
Russian Idea

‘The Russian Idea’ is a term used by Russian thinkers to define specific features of Russian culture, the spiritual make-up of the Russian nation, the meaning of Russian history and, as a rule (although not always), Russia’s unique mission in the universal history of humanity. The term was introduced for the first time in 1861 by Dostoevskii, for whom the essence of the Russian Idea was the ‘universal humanity’ (or ‘all-humanity’) of the Russian spirit. At the same time however, Dostoevskii linked the Russian Idea with Russian imperial messianism. Thus, the notion of the Russian Idea included from its beginning a characteristic tension between striving for universalism and nationalist self-assertion.. The first philosopher to devote a special separate work to the Russian Idea (l’Idée russe, Paris, 1888) was Vladimir Solov’ëv, for whom the national idea was ‘not what a given nation thinks about itself in time, but what God thinks about it in eternity’. He was influenced by Dostoevskii but, challenging Russian nationalists, put much greater emphasis on universalism, stressing that the peculiar greatness of the Russians consisted in their capacity for ‘self-renunciation’. The first case of this self-renunciation was the so-called ‘calling of the Varangians’, that is, the voluntary acceptance of foreign rule; the second was the reforms of Peter the Great: rejection of native traditions for the sake of universal progress. Now the Russian nation should commit itself to the third, most important act of self-renunciation: to submit itself to the authority of the pope, restoring thereby the unity of the Universal Church and bringing about the reconciliation between East and West. But this act of humility was seen by Solov’ëv as a precondition from the fulfilment of Russia’s great mission of creating the universal, freely theocratic Christian Empire. Solov’ëv invoked in this connection the monk Philotheus’ idea of ‘Moscow as the Third Rome’ but reversed its meaning by putting emphasis on symbolic Rome, that is, not on national isolationism and keeping intact the purity of the Orthodox faith, but on ecumenical universalism and the messianic task of the Christian transformation of the world. Owing to Solov’ëv, the term ‘Russian Idea’ came to be applied retrospectively, as a designation of a set of problems characteristic for Russian philosophical discussions about the essence of ‘Russianness’. Most historians agree that these problems were formulated under the reign of Nicholas I and that the first thinker who posed them forcefully was Pëtr Chaadaev.

Traces of Russian Bylina Epics: G. I. Suleymanov’s Recordings in the Kama Region

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-53
Author(s):  
Галина Николаевна Мехнецова
Keyword(s):  
State University ◽  
Epic Tradition ◽  
Folklore Studies ◽  
History Of ◽  
The University ◽  
First Time ◽  
Perm Region

Статья раскрывает неизвестные страницы истории фольклористики Прикамья, связанные с фигурой известного пермского журналиста Галима Сулейманова (1928-2003). В период обучения на историко-филологическом факультете Молотовского (ныне - Пермского) государственного университета (1946-1951) он всерьез увлекся фольклором, во многом благодаря П. С. Богословскому, преподававшему в университете в 1946-1948 гг. Студент Г. И. Сулейманов проявил себя как талантливый, чуткий собиратель русского и татарского фольклора. Он неоднократно участвовал в фольклорных и диалектологических экспедициях в различные районы Прикамья. В 1948-1949 гг. на территории Юго-Осокинского (ныне - Кунгурский) и Соликамского районов Молотовской области (ныне - Пермский край) ему удалось зафиксировать пересказ былинного сюжета «Илья Муромец и Святогор» и контаминированный текст «Про Илью Муромца». Статья основана на архивных материалах, включающих в себя автобиографию Г. И. Сулейманова, его переписку с П. С. Богословским, тетради с фольклорными записями. Впервые вводятся в научный оборот прозаические пересказы былин, записанные Г. И. Сулеймановым, дается их краткая текстологическая характеристика, приводятся описания, позволяющие судить о методике работы собирателя. Рассматриваются факторы, в той или иной мере способствовавшие возникновению, сохранению и трансформации очагов былинной традиции в Пермском регионе. His article reveals unknown pages of the history of Kama Region folklore studies associated with the figure of the famous Perm journalist Galim Suleymanov (1928-2003). While studying at the Faculty of History and Philology at the Molotov (now Perm) State University (1946-1951), he became seriously interested in folklore, largely thanks to P. S. Bogoslovsky, who taught at the university in 1946-1948. Even as a student, Suleymanov proved to be a talented, sensitive collector of Russian and Tatar folklore. He repeatedly participated in folklore and dialectological expeditions to various regions of the Kama Region. In 1948-1949, on the territory of the Yugo-Osokinsky (now Kungursky) and Solikamsky Districts of the Molotov Region (now Perm), he was able to record the bylina stories “Ilya Muromets and Svyatogor” and the contaminated text of “About Ilya Muromets” in retold form. The article is based on archival materials, including Suleymanov’s autobiography; his correspondence with Bogoslovsky; and his notebooks containing folklore records. For the first time, the prose paraphrases of bylinas (Russian heroic epics) that Suleymanov recorded are introduced into scholarly circulation. Their textual characteristics are briefly described, and materials that allow us to judge the collector’s methodology are presented. Also considered are the factors that contributed to the emergence, preservation and transformation of the epic tradition in the Perm Region.

Scholarship, trade and politics: Andalusian contribution to the Mediterranean standing of Tripoli (3rd/9th–5th/11th centuries)

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Aurélien Montel
Keyword(s):  
Close Contact ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Rich ◽  
First Time ◽  
The City ◽  
Fresh Insight ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Mediterranean City

Abstract Given the lack of local sources, the history of Tripoli as a global Mediterranean city remains unclear until the Ottoman conquest of the 16th century. Given that documentary record, the exploration of the rich Arabic tradition written in al-Andalus provides a fresh insight into how Tripoli constructed its Mediterranean stature prior to the 11th century. First, the systematic analysis of Islamic biographical literature (ṭabaqāt) shows Tripoli was one of the most visited cities by the Andalusian scholars across the Islamic world. It also reveals they were in close contact with the Tripolitanian Mālikī networks. Eventually, The Tripolitanian elites took advantage, of that specific Andalusian connection, and using the rivalry between the caliphal powers at the dawn of the 11th century they assured the independence of the city for the first time while rejecting the Fatimid-Zirid power and recognizing the sovereignty of the Spanish Umayyads.

scholarly journals Pages of History of the Library for the Employees of the State Bank of the Russian Empire

2014 ◽  
pp. 102-107
Author(s):  
A. L. Dmitriev
Keyword(s):  
Russian Empire ◽  
The State ◽  
State University ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
First Time

For the first time there is described the history of creation of the Library for employees in the State Bank of the Russian Empire. The paper presents the experience of reconstruction of the book holding, part of which is preserved in the Library of St. Petersburg State University of Economics.

scholarly journals «ИЗОБРАЖАЯ ЖЕРТВУ»: ПАФОС ОБЛИЧЕНИЯ И МУЧЕНИЧЕСТВА В СОЧИНЕНИЯХ ИВАНА ГРОЗНОГО И АНДРЕЯ КУРБСКОГО

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 67-98
Author(s):  
Alexey Popovich
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
The People ◽  
History Of ◽  
Willingness To Sacrifice ◽  
Ivan The Terrible ◽  
The Ideal

The article explores changes in the use of the categories of victim and sacrifice in political literary artefacts in the second half of the 16th century: namely, the correspondence between Ivan the Terrible and Andrey Kurbsky and Kurbsky’s History of the Grand Prince of Moscow. The study shows that the writers of this time used the literary topoi of victim in a fundamentally different way to earlier authors in medieval Russia. The article defines the main means of poetics and rhetoric in the works of Ivan the Terrible and Andrey Kurbsky. The methods for updating the topos of victim for both authors are similar. Each of them desacralizes a high Christian idea and uses it and a topos for subjective and, as a rule, ideological purposes. Such changes are possible due to the mixing of earthly (profane) and heavenly (sacred) logic when dealing with the categories of victim and sacrifice, which is typical for this time. If, for Kurbsky, the people killed by the tsar are new martyrs, then for Ivan the Terrible, they are justly punished traitors. The tsar believes that subjects should be ready to sacrifice their lives for him. Kurbsky does not deny the necessity of willingness to sacrifice, but he consistently proves that the tsar’s personality does not correspond to Christian ideas about the ideal monarch, so he convinces the reader of the possibility of confronting the tsar. At the same time, both authors characterize themselves as a person affected by the actions of the other and use the literary topoi of victim.

scholarly journals Invasion of the Ryazan Land by Batu Khan in the 16th Century Miniatures

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.В. Чернецов
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Written Texts ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ivan The Terrible

Статья посвящена рассмотрению серии миниатюр Лицевого летописного свода Ивана Грозного – многотомного создания книжной культуры. Анализируемые миниатюры посвящены начальному этапу монголо-татарского нашествия на русские земли – завоеванию Рязанского княжества. Особенности композиций содержат дополнительную «сверхтекстовую» информацию об отношении книжников и миниатюристов XVI в. к изображаемым событиям. На миниатюрах изображены боевые эпизоды и полевые фортификационные сооружения. Подробно отражена история осады и взятия Старой Рязани. Сцены разрушений и разграбления древнерусских городов позволяют понять, какие потери в глазах потомков представлялись наиболее важными. The paper explores a series of miniatures from the Illustrated Chronicle of Ivan the Terrible, which is a compilation of hand-written texts in many volumes. The miniatures analyzed depict the initial stage of the Tatar and Mongol invasion of Russian lands, i. e. the capture of the Ryazan principality. Specific features of the compositions contain additional ‘supertext’ information on 16th century scribes’ and miniature painters’ attitude to portrayed events. The miniatures feature combat episodes and field fortification constructions. The history of Staraya Ryazan siege and capture is presented in details. The scenes of destruction and sacking help understand what losses and damage, from the point of view of succeeding generations, were the most significant.

scholarly journals THE HISTORY OF FORMATION OF ENTOMOLOGICAL COLLECTIONS IN THE MUSEUMS OF KEMEROVO REGION

2016 ◽  
pp. 41-49
Author(s):  
V. A. Polevod
Keyword(s):  
State University ◽  
General Regularity ◽  
Natural Heritage ◽  
History Of ◽  
The University ◽  
First Time ◽  
Private Collections ◽  
History Of Formation

Collections of insects in the museums are a part of natural heritage. Their preservation presents complexity, but is relevant for scientific, educational and exposition tasks. The history of entomological researches in the territory of Kemerovo region is described, the problem of discrepancy of data in references on stories of collecting entomological material to the maintenance of museum entomological collections in the region is analyzed.The generalizing research on existence and history of completing of entomological collections in the Region’s museums was never carried out earlier. 6 museums with such materials, the collections of the Department of Zoology and Ecology of Kemerovo State University and a number of private collections were revealed. Also detailed description of large collections of Kemerovo State University (materials of the Museum, the Department of Zoology and Ecology) and the Kemerovo Regional Museum of Local Lore is provided for the first time. The example of particular collections allowed observing the general regularity of merge of private collections with museum funds. Unambiguous leadership of of Kemerovo State University collections in quantity of units of storage and their importance is established. They are actively used and involved in research, educational, exposition and exhibition life of the University and the Region (with active support of private collections).

scholarly journals Historiography of Religious Studies: Polish Experience

2004 ◽  
pp. 79-83
Author(s):  
Anatolii M. Kolodnyi ◽  
Oleksandr N. Sagan
Keyword(s):  
Religious Studies ◽  
Associate Professor ◽  
Religious Issues ◽  
Polish Experience ◽  
History Of ◽  
Basic Ideas ◽  
First Time

With the publication of a book by a well-known Polish religious scholar, associate professor at the Jagiellonian University Institute of Religious Studies (Cracow), Henrik Hoffmann, "History of Polish Studies in Religious Studies 1873-1939", it can be argued that Polish religious studies and scholars have become more sophisticated. religious studies. For the first time in Polish historiography, various information was collected about basic ideas developed by Polish religious scholars, one of the most complete bibliographies of their works was submitted (more than 25% of the volume of the book is devoted to bibliography). This attention to the bibliography has its explanation: G. Hoffmann is one of the authors of the unique and worthy imitation of the project on the computer registry of all books and articles that have been published in Poland on religious issues.

THE HISTORY OF GEOLOGICAL AND PALEONTOLOGICAL STUDY OF BOLSHOYE BOGDO MOUNTAIN

2018 ◽  
pp. 65-72
Author(s):  
I. A. Starodubtseva ◽  
I. V. Novikov
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
State University ◽  
Paleontological Institute ◽  
Scientific Institutions ◽  
Borissiak Paleontological Institute ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
First Descriptions ◽  
Paleontological Study

The history of the geological and paleontological study of Bolshoye Bogdo mountain, as well as the evolution of the views on their geological structure, has been considered.The first descriptions of the rocks composing the Bolshoye Bogdo mountain, published in the 18th century by academicians S.G. Gmelin and P.S. Pallas, have been given. A particular attention has been paid to the results obtained during the expedition conducted under the guidance of the English geologist R.I. Murchison in 1841. A great contribution to the knowledge of the geological structure and paleontological characteristics of Bolshoye Bogdo mountain was made by A.B. Auerbach, who discovered here the remains of Triassic temnospondyl amphibians and fish for the first time for the territory of European Russia. A new stage in the study of the paleontology of the Bolshoye Bogdo mountain, which began in 1912, has been characterized. A well-known paleontologist and writer LA. Efremov worked there in the 1926th and 1928th years and conducted scientific research and searches for vertebrate remains. Later, the study of the geological structure of the Bolshoye Bogdo mountain was carried out by the staff of the Saratov State University, Borissiak Paleontological Institute and other scientific institutions of Russia.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document