scholarly journals Blonanserin N-Oxide Lowers Glucose Levels in Animal Models

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maddileti D ◽  
Mannava C ◽  
Swapna B ◽  
Tejpal R ◽  
Konga DB ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Glucose Levels

scholarly journals Evaluation of potential antidiabetic activity of abelmoschus esculentus and evidence of possible pharmacokinetic interaction with metformin

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 263-266
Author(s):  
Raja Chakraverty ◽  
Debalina Sardar ◽  
Pranabesh Chakraborty
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Interaction ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Abelmoschus Esculentus ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Test Study

The study is aimed at the evaluation of potential activity of and possible interaction with metformin in animal Models of Diabetes Mellitus. Study objectives include study the anti-diabetic effect of for Diabetes Mellitus in animal models and also to study the effect of Abelmoschus esculentus with metformin and explore any interaction. Plant material was collected () followed by extraction of plant materials () Exudate collection of and activity test study was done (acute toxicity study, according to standard OECD guidelines) Experimental animals were divided into groups. Dosing was done for 28 days. Biochemical parameters were studied. Histopathology studies are done. Results showed that in this study administrations of Abelmoschus esculentus extract (2000mg/kg body weight) Metformin with extract (5mg/kg b.w. and 2000mg/kg body weight and Metformin 5mg/kg body weight decreased elevated blood glucose levels significantly from first to fourth week compared to diabetic control rats and showed minimal safety concerns.

scholarly journals Animal Models in Diabetes Mellitus: An Overview

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1-s) ◽  
pp. 472-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mudasir Maqbool ◽  
Mohmad Amin Dar ◽  
Imran Gani ◽  
Suhail Ahmad Mir
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Genetic Manipulations ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Alloxan Monohydrate ◽  
Selection Of

Diabetes mellitus is defined as a state in which homeostasis of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism is improperly regulated by insulin. This results primarily in elevated fasting and postprandial blood glucose levels. If this imbalanced homeostasis dose not returns to normalcy and continues for a protracted period of time, it leads to hyperglycemia, which in due course turns into a syndrome called diabetes mellitus. Several animal models have been developed for studying diabetes mellitus or testing anti-diabetic agents. These models include chemical, surgical (pancreatectomy) and genetic manipulations in several animal species to induce diabetes mellitus. The diabetogenic drugs used include: Alloxan monohydrate, Streptozotocin with or without nicotinamide, Ferric nitrilotriacetate, Ditizona and Anti-insulin serum. The selection of these models to use for investigating the antidiabetic properties of a new compound may be a very difficult task especially for young researchers. The aim of the present review is give a brief idea about various experimental models developed for studying diabetes mellitus, assess the merits and demerits of each model and highlight the precautions needed to avoid erroneous results during the applications of these models. Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, Animal models, Alloxan, Streptozotocin.

Lessons on autoimmune diabetes from animal models

2006 ◽  
Vol 110 (6) ◽  
pp. 627-639 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Yang ◽  
Pere Santamaria
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Autoimmune Diabetes ◽  
Type I Diabetes ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
Diabetic Mouse ◽  
Suboptimal Control ◽  
Type I ◽  
Genetic Elements ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Islet Inflammation

T1DM (Type I diabetes mellitus) results from selective destruction of the insulin-producing β-cells of the pancreas by the immune system, and is characterized by hyperglycaemia and vascular complications arising from suboptimal control of blood glucose levels. The discovery of animal models of T1DM in the late 1970s and early 1980s, particularly the NOD (non-obese diabetic) mouse and the BB (BioBreeding) diabetes-prone rat, had a fundamental impact on our ability to understand the genetics, aetiology and pathogenesis of this disease. NOD and BB diabetes-prone rats spontaneously develop a form of diabetes that closely resembles the human counterpart. Early studies of these animals quickly led to the realization that T1DM is caused by autoreactive T-lymphocytes and revealed that the development of T1DM is controlled by numerous polymorphic genetic elements that are scattered throughout the genome. The development of transgenic and gene-targeting technologies during the 1980s allowed the generation of models of T1DM of reduced genetic and pathogenic complexity, and a more detailed understanding of the immunogenetics of T1DM. In this review, we summarize the contribution of studies in animal models of T1DM to our current understanding of four fundamental aspects of T1DM: (i) the nature of genetic elements affording T1DM susceptibility or resistance; (ii) the mechanisms underlying the development and recruitment of pathogenic autoreactive T-cells; (iii) the identity of islet antigens that contribute to the initiation and/or progression of islet inflammation and β-cell destruction; and (iv) the design of avenues for therapeutic intervention that are rooted in the knowledge gained from studies of animal models. Development of new animal models will ensure continued progress in these four areas.

scholarly journals Transient juvenile hypoglycemia in growth hormone receptor deficiency – mechanistic insights from Laron syndrome and tailored animal models

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arne Hinrichs ◽  
Simone Renner ◽  
Martin Bidlingmaier ◽  
John J Kopchick ◽  
Eckhard Wolf
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Beta Cell ◽  
Glucose Intolerance ◽  
Hormone Receptor ◽  
Growth Hormone Receptor ◽  
Simultaneous Occurrence ◽  
Laron Syndrome ◽  
Glucose Levels

Aim of the study is to find possible explanations for vanishing juvenile hypoglycemia in growth hormone receptor deficiency (GHRD) in human patients and animal models. We reviewed parameters of glucose metabolism in distinct age groups in two human cohorts (Israeli and Ecuadorian) of Laron syndrome (LS) patients, a mouse model (Ghr-KO mouse) and provide additional data for a porcine model (GHR-KO pig). Juvenile hypoglycemia is a common symptom of GHRD and vanishes in adulthood. In the Israeli cohort, developing metabolic syndrome is associated with decreasing insulin sensitivity, insulinopenia and glucose intolerance, increasing glucose levels with age. In Ecuadorian patients and both animal models, insulin sensitivity is preserved or even enhanced. Alterations in food intake and energy consumption do not explain the differences in glucose levels, neither is the accumulation of body fat associated with negative effects in the Ecuadorian cohort or the animal models. A reduced beta cell mass and resulting insulin secretory capacity is common and leads to glucose intolerance in Ghr-KO mice, while glucose tolerance is preserved in Ecuadorian patients and the GHR-KO pig. In human patients and the GHR-KO pig, a simultaneous occurrence of normoglycemia with the onset of puberty is reported. Reduced gluconeogenesis in GHRD is discussed to cause the juvenile hypoglycemia and a counter regulatory stimulation of gluconeogenesis can be hypothesized. A coherent study assessing endogenous glucose production and beta-cell capacity in the hypoglycemic and normoglycemic age group is needed. This can be performed in GHR-KO pigs, including castrated animals.

IMG-1 Reduces Blood Glucose Levels in Type 1 Diabetic Animal Models

Diabetes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1215-P
Author(s):  
JONATHAN B. POLLETT ◽  
HYE LIM NOH ◽  
JASON K. KIM ◽  
NGOC THAI
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Diabetic Animal ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels

scholarly journals The Use of Natural Compounds as a Strategy to Counteract Oxidative Stress in Animal Models of Diabetes Mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (13) ◽  
pp. 7009
Author(s):  
Marcela Salazar-García ◽  
Juan Carlos Corona
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Natural Compounds ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Stress Oxidative

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disease characterised by insulin deficiency, resulting in hyperglycaemia, a characteristic symptom of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). DM substantially affects numerous metabolic pathways, resulting in β-cell dysfunction, insulin resistance, abnormal blood glucose levels, impaired lipid metabolism, inflammatory processes, and excessive oxidative stress. Oxidative stress can affect the body’s normal physiological function and cause numerous cellular and molecular changes, such as mitochondrial dysfunction. Animal models are useful for exploring the cellular and molecular mechanisms of DM and improving novel therapeutics for their safe use in human beings. Due to their health benefits, there is significant interest in a wide range of natural compounds that can act as naturally occurring anti-diabetic compounds. Due to rodent models’ relatively similar physiology to humans and ease of handling and housing, they are widely used as pre-clinical models for studying several metabolic disorders. In this review, we analyse the currently available rodent animal models of DM and their advantages and disadvantages and highlight the potential anti-oxidative effects of natural compounds and their mechanisms of action.

Reductionist thinking and animal models in neuropsychiatric research

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole M. Baran
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Disorders ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Developmental Genetic ◽  
Term Study ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽  
Mechanisms Of Plasticity

AbstractReductionist thinking in neuroscience is manifest in the widespread use of animal models of neuropsychiatric disorders. Broader investigations of diverse behaviors in non-model organisms and longer-term study of the mechanisms of plasticity will yield fundamental insights into the neurobiological, developmental, genetic, and environmental factors contributing to the “massively multifactorial system networks” which go awry in mental disorders.

Higher Glucose Levels in Women Tied to Atherosclerosis Progression

2006 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
MITCHEL L. ZOLER
Keyword(s):  
Atherosclerosis Progression ◽  
Glucose Levels

Glucose Levels, Not Diabetes, Predict Post-MI Mortality

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
DENISE NAPOLI
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Levels
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