scholarly journals Association of low vitamin D status with Childhood Pneumonia Severity in Hospitalized Bulgarian Patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
N/ Rimpova ◽  
V. Valcheva ◽  
A. Tsakova ◽  
H. Shivachev ◽  
D. Iliev
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Severe Pneumonia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Childhood Pneumonia ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Tract Infections

Lower respiratory tract infections are among the most important causes of morbidity and mortality in the pediatric population worldwide. Despite advances in treatment and prevention, childhood pneumonia is a major reason for hospital admissions and remains a leading cause of death, claiming an estimated 800,000 children’s lives in 2018. Globally, over 1.23 million children died of pneumonia before reaching their 5th birthday - the equivalent of over 3.400 deaths per day  worldwide. There is growing evidence that vitamin D plays an important role in the immune system by modulating both innate and adaptive immunity. Vitamin D is an additional factor in the inflammatory response regulation. Its action is mediated via the vitamin D receptor (VDR), which is present in almost all types of immune cells, including activated CD4+ and CD8+ cells, B cells, macrophages, neutrophils and dendritic cells. Vitamin D deficiency is associated with decreased host defenses against infections. Therefore, our aim was to investigate whether low vitamin D status was a risk factor for pneumonia complications, usage of multiple antibiotics and prolonged hospital stay among hospitalized pediatric patients with community-aquired pneumonia. Total of 200 children (102 healthy controls and 98 with severe pneumonia) from 11 days to 17 years old were included in the study. Cases with severe pneumonia were subdivided into groups with and without complications (36 and 62, respectively). Electro-chemiluminescence immunoassay was used to measure the serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels. The control group showed lower values than the study group. Cases with complicated pneumonia had significantly lower levels 29.7-68.0 nmol/l, compared with 49.1-88.6 nmol/l in cases without complications. A significant negative correlation was found between vitamin D concentrations and duration of hospital stay, the number of antibiotics used for treatment, and serum levels of inflammatory markers. The low status of vitamin D is related to the severity of the disease, but has not been associated with the incidence/frequency of the disease. Children with low vitamin D levels may be at higher risk of developing life-threatening complications, intensive care admissions and a higher inflammatory response.

scholarly journals Vitamin D Supplementation during Winter: Effects on Stress Resilience in a Randomized Control Trial

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3258
Author(s):  
Anita L. Hansen ◽  
Gina Ambroziak ◽  
David Thornton ◽  
James C. Mundt ◽  
Rachel E. Kahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Stress Condition ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Experimental Stress ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Stress Resilience ◽  
Psychophysiological Responses ◽  
Vitamin D Levels

Vitamin D status may be important for stress resilience. This study investigated the effects of vitamin D supplements during winter on biological markers of stress resilience such as psychophysiological activity, serotonin, and cortisol in a placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial. Eighty-six participants were randomly assigned to the Intervention (vitamin D) or Control (placebo) groups. Before and after the intervention participants were exposed to an experimental stress procedure. Psychophysiological activity was measured during three main conditions: baseline, stress, and recovery. Fasting blood samples were taken in the morning and saliva samples were collected at seven different time points across 24 h. Prior to intervention both groups had normal/sufficient vitamin D levels. Both groups showed a normal pattern of psychophysiological responses to the experimental stress procedure (i.e., increased psychophysiological responses from resting baseline to stress-condition, and decreased psychophysiological responses from stress-condition to recovery; all p < 0.009). Post-intervention, the Intervention group showed increased vitamin D levels (p < 0.001) and normal psychophysiological responses to the experimental stress procedure (p < 0.001). Importantly, the Control group demonstrated a classic nadir in vitamin D status post-intervention (spring) (p < 0.001) and did not show normal psychophysiological responses. Thus, physiologically the Control group showed a sustained stress response. No significant effects of vitamin D were found on serotonin and cortisol.

scholarly journals Association of serum vitamin D levels with gestational diabetes mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 2198
Author(s):  
Sharmeen Mahmood ◽  
Hasna Hena Pervin ◽  
Shereen Yousuf
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Maternal Serum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Serum Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Levels

Background: This study was done to evaluate the association of serum vitamin D level with GDM (n=30) and without GDM (n=30). The age and body mass index of the participants along with their gestational age, gravidity and parity were harmonized. The serum vitamin D levels and blood glucose were investigated. The results revealed that, normal pregnant women had significantly higher vitamin D level than their GDM counterparts.Methods: This case-control study was conducted on healthy pregnant women attending routine antenatal care at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib medical university from January 2019 to December 2019 recruited at third trimester of gestation. We measured maternal serum vitamin D status (25[OH]D) in third trimester of pregnancy. GDM was diagnosed according to the American diabetes association. guidelines. Vitamin D status was defined as, vitamin D sufficiency (≥30 or ≥75 nmol/L), insufficiency (20-30 and 50-75 nmol/L), were used to categories participants according to their 25[OH]D concentrations. We calculated adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using logistic regression.Results: The mean serum vitamin D level was lower in case group case 23.4 (17.4±35.1) compared to that in control group 29.7 (15.4±39.8) and the difference between the 2 groups was statistically significant (p≤0.001). Sufficient level of vitamin D was more in control group (66.7%) than that of case group (26.1%). Insufficient level of vitamin D was higher in case (73.3%) group than that of control (33.3%) group. These findings were significant (p=0.021). Respondents with insufficient level of vitamin D have 3.1 times more chance to develop GDM.Conclusions: Serum vitamin D level is reduced in pregnant women having GDM.

scholarly journals Vitamin D Levels in Children With Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 (7) ◽  
pp. 460-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Burçin Nalbantoğlu ◽  
Ayşin Nalbantoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis ◽  
Aphthous Stomatitis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Serum Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Recurrent aphthous stomatitis is one of the most prevalent oral mucosa diseases and the etiology is unclear. As a potent anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating agent, vitamin D can significantly affect oral cavity homeostasis. However, to the best of our knowledge, no study has been conducted in pediatric population on the potential role of vitamin D in recurrent aphthous stomatitis to date. The aim of the present study is to determine the vitamin D status in recurrent aphthous stomatitis in children. Methods: This study is conducted retrospectively. Seventy-two patients with minor recurrent aphthous stomatitis and 70 age-matched healthy controls included in the study. 25-Hydroxyvitamin D levels were measured in all patients using enzyme immunoassay. Results: Serum vitamin D levels were 16.4 (8.6) ng/mL in patient group and 23.1 (11.5) ng/mL in healthy controls. There was a statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of serum vitamin D levels ( P = .002). There was no significant correlation between serum vitamin D levels and the severity of the recurrent aphthous stomatitis ( r = 0.54, P = .76). Conclusions: Our study showed a significant difference in vitamin D levels between patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis and the healthy control group. We also found no correlation between vitamin D status and the severity of the disease.

scholarly journals Correlation of Vitamin D levels with feto-maternal outcome

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Nidhi Chauhan ◽  
Nikita Pahuja ◽  
Vinita Kalra
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Hypovitaminosis D ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Increase Risk ◽  
Sufficient Vitamin ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
The Impact

Background: Vitamin D deficiency in adult females may increase risk of pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes, bacterial vaginosis. Various malpresentation, cephalo-pelvic disproportion and difficult deliveries increases the risk of caesarean section. It may also increase the risk of fetal hypovitaminosis D, neonatal rickets and tetany, lower respiratory tract infections, low birth weight, the largest cause of infant mortality in India. This study was under taken to study the impact of vitamin D deficiency on feto-maternal outcome.Methods: The study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences (HIMS), Swami Ram Nagar, Dehradun, over a period of 12 months. Sample size was 100 pregnant females attending antenatal clinic.Results: Out of 100 subjects, pre-eclampsia was seen in 15, among which 5 (23.80%) had deficient, 9 (13.04%) had insufficient and 1 (10%) had sufficient vitamin D levels. Eclampsia was seen in 3 subjects, out of which 1 (4.76%) had deficient, 2 (2.89%) had insufficient vitamin D status. IUGR was seen in 8 subjects, out of which 4 (19.04%) had deficient vitamin D levels, 4 (5.79%) had insufficient vitamin D status. Neither of the two had sufficient vitamin D status. Deficient vitamin D status with birth weight ≤2.5 kg was seen in 9 (42.85%) subjects and 12 (57.14%) subjects with >2.5 kg Insufficient Vitamin D status was seen in 22 (31.88%) subjects with birth weight ≤2.5 kg and 48 (69.56%) with birth weight >2.5 kg.Conclusions: Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency was noted in this region and its association with pre-eclampsia (23.80%, 13.04% and 10% in deficient, insufficient and sufficient group respectively) was seen. Higher incidence of LSCS was also present among the deficient and the insufficient group.

scholarly journals Neonatal Vitamin D status and the risk of neonatal sepsis

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdurrahman Avar Ozdemir ◽  
Yakup Cag
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Sepsis Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Creative Commons ◽  
Vitamin D Levels

Objective: To evaluate the maternal and neonatal 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and the effect of 25(OH)D levels on the development of neonatal sepsis. Methods: This prospective study was performed in the neonatal intensive care unit of Medicine Hospital/Biruni University between November 2017 and September 2018. Fifty one term infants with sepsis group and 56 term infants with control group were included in this study. Blood samples for whole blood count, CRP, Ca, P, ALP, 25(OH)D and culture were obtained from all neonates. Results: Mean vitamin D levels for the neonates and their mothers were found to be 12.4±8.5 ng/ml and 13±8.7 ng/ml, respectively. There was a significant correlation between maternal and newborn 25(OH)D levels (r=0.72, p<0.01). The number of the newborns with vitamin D deficiency was significantly higher in the sepsis group (n=31, 60.8%) than in the control group (n=30, 53.6%; p=0.00), corresponding to significantly lower levels of vitamin D in the sepsis group (11±5.5 ng/ml vs. 13.8±10.6 ng/ml; p=0.012). Similarly, maternal vitamin D levels was significantly lower in the sepsis group than in the control group (10.8±5.6 ng/ml vs. 14.9±10 ng/ml; p=0.001). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that there may be an association between vitamin D deficiency and neonatal sepsis. How to cite this:Ozdemir AA, Cag Y. Neonatal Vitamin D status and the risk of neonatal sepsis. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(2):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.2.342 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

scholarly journals The Relation of Vitamin D Blood Level with Statin-Associated Muscle Symptoms (SAMS)

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-48
Author(s):  
Thouria Ijdayaat ◽  
Khaled Eltoukhy ◽  
Maha Hazem ◽  
Kefaya Elsyed
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Latex Agglutination ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Enzymatic Method ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Symptom Group

Aims: This work evaluates the vitamin D status in patients with statins- associated muscle symptoms. Study Design:  A case control prospective study. Place and Duration of Study:  Neurology Department, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt, between June 2020 and May 2021. Methodology: Total of 85 participants included in this study, 60 participants of them have chronic Stroke and ischemic heart disease, treated by different kinds of statins and 25 participants were healthy controlled individuals. The 60 patients were 35 males (55%) and 25 females (45%), with age ranging from 40 to 70 years. The 60 participants were divided into two groups: The first group included (30 patients) treated with statins and they did not have Statin-Associated Muscle Symptoms (SAMS).The second group included (30 patients) also treated with Statin and they complained of SAMS. The third group is the control group, which contains the 25 participants who were healthy people. The control group included15 males (55%) and 10 females (45%) with age ranged from 35 to 65 years. Laboratory investigations were conducted on all participants in this study. The participants were subjected to total of 5 laboratory tests, which include: (1) Vitamin D (Enzyme immunoassay method), (2) Total CK (Enzymatic method), (3) Total Cholesterol and Triglycerides (Enzymatic method), (4)High density lipoproteins Cholesterol (Precipitation method), (4)Low density lipoproteins Cholesterol (Freid Wald equation), and (5) C – reactive protein (CRP: Latex Agglutination Method) was done beside elecetrophysiology study ( Needle electromyography (NEMG) was include). Results: Out of 60 patients the statistical readings of Vitamin D levels for the studied groups, demonstrating a significant statistical difference in Vitamin D levels between patients complaining of statin-associated muscle symptoms group (P≤0.001), and the other groups with lowest mean of (26.30 ±3.75), while patient without statin-associated muscle symptom group had the mean rating of (29.33 ±3.69), and the control group had the highest mean of (30.14 ±3.57). Conclusion: There is a positive relationship between vitamin D deficiency and statin-associated muscle symptoms. Vitamin D status may play an important role in diagnosis and management of SAMS. Further studies are needed to evaluate the relationship between vitamin D and SAMS.

scholarly journals Serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D in asthmatic children and its relation to disease severity

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 454
Author(s):  
Ihab Hafez El Sawy ◽  
Passant Al-Said Moaz ◽  
Ghada Mohamed Farouk El Deriny ◽  
Mohamed Sami Abd El Moniem El Kholy
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Severe Asthma ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Moderate Asthma ◽  
Asthmatic Children ◽  
Asthmatic Patients ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
The Difference

Background: Asthma is a chronic immunological disorder of the lungs. Vitamin D has several effects on the innate and adaptive immune systems. Little is known about vitamin D level and its impact on severity of asthma in children. This study aimed to determine vitamin D levels in asthmatics versus control children; studying the relation if any between these levels and asthma severity.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 60 asthmatic children and 20 apparently healthy children as controls. Asthma patients were divided into 3 groups (mild, moderate, severe; 20 each). Asthma severity was based on GINA criteria. Vitamin D level was measured to all study group.Results: The difference between the mean values of vitamin D level in control and asthmatic patients was statistically significant (p<0.001). This difference between control group and each asthma subgroup and between asthma subgroups versus each other were statistically significant being highest in control and lowest in patients with severe asthma (p<0.001). Differences in vitamin D status in control and all asthmatic patients were statistically significant (p<0.001). The difference between control group and each asthma subgroup according to vitamin D status were statistically significant (p<0.001). Concerning asthma subgroups the difference in vitamin D status between severe versus mild and moderate asthma were statistically significant (p<0.001), while between mild and moderate asthma it was not.Conclusions: Significantly lower vitamin D level in asthmatic children compared to controls and a differential decrease in vitamin D levels in asthmatic children being lowest in severe asthma was confirmed.

The Association Between Vitamin D Deficiency and Recurrent Tonsillitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 163 (5) ◽  
pp. 883-891
Author(s):  
Ahmad A. Mirza ◽  
Abdulrahman A. Alharbi ◽  
Hani Marzouki ◽  
Talal Al-Khatib ◽  
Faisal Zawawi
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Collaboration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Recurrent Tonsillitis ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Tract Infections

Objectives The role of vitamin D deficiency has been linked with recurrent upper respiratory tract infections, but its impact on the frequency of tonsillitis is not yet fully understood. The objective of this study is to determine the association between vitamin D deficiency and recurrent tonsillitis based on current literature. Data Source A systematic review was performed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guideline. Data were collected from online medical databases (PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Collaboration Registry of Controlled Trials). Review Methods All studies addressing the association of vitamin D deficiency and recurrent tonsillitis prior to March 2019. The data were collected in different phases: screening review using search words and controlled vocabularies followed by detailed review of screened articles based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, then a full review that included screening the references of selected articles. Results Fifty-three studies were potentially eligible; of these, 4 publications met the inclusion criteria and were included in the quantitative synthesis. There was a statistically significant reduction of vitamin D levels in patients with recurrent tonsillitis as compared to healthy controls (mean difference, −10.71; 95% CI, −19.12 to −2.31; P = .01). The odds of vitamin D insufficiency were significantly higher in patients with recurrent tonsillitis as compared to the control group (odds ratio, 4.37; 95% CI, 2.78-6.88; P < .001). Conclusion Vitamin D deficiency was present in patients with recurrent tonsillitis and might be associated with an increase in the risk of recurrent tonsillitis. There is a need to explore these findings via clinical trials based on large populations.

scholarly journals Vitamin D Deficiency and Unclear Abdominal Pain in Patients from Low- and Middle-Income Countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (23) ◽  
pp. 4607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doulberis ◽  
Papaefthymiou ◽  
Kountouras ◽  
Polyzos ◽  
Srivastava ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Background: Abdominal pain is one of the commonest symptoms in emergency departments (EDs). Diagnosis demands full attention and critical thinking, since many diseases manifest atypically and the consequences of overlooking the symptoms may be disastrous. Despite intensive diagnostic procedures, some cases remain elusive and unclear abdominal pain (UAP) is not infrequent. Emerging evidence supports the hypothesis that functional pain might be attributed to vitamin D deficiency (VDD). People with darker or covered skin are predisposed to developing VDD. Patients in Switzerland stemming from low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) are such a population. Aim: To identify cases with UAP in LMIC patients and to compare vitamin D status with a control group. Methods: A retrospective single-center case-control study was carried out from 1 January 2013 to 31 August 2016 in all adult patients (more than 16 years old) stemming from LMIC and presenting at the university ED of Bern with abdominal pain. Vitamin D status was retrieved from these cases when available. The control group consisted of patients without abdominal pain or metabolic diseases and was matched (1:1) to the cases for age, gender, body mass index, geographic distribution, and season of vitamin D estimation. Results: A total of 10,308 cases from LMIC were reported to the ED. In total, 223 cases were identified with UAP. The status of vitamin D was available for 27 patients; 27 matched individuals were subsequently retrieved for the control group. Women made up 56.7% of the UAP group and 43.3% of the control group. The most common origin of the LMIC subjects was southern Europe (20.4%), followed by southern Asia (16.7%) and Eastern Europe (13%). Fourteen UAP patients exhibited severe VDD (< 25 nmol/L) versus one in the control group (p = 0.001). The difference remained significant if the patients were identified as having VDD (<50 nmol/L) or not (p = 0.024). Comparison of the means indicated that the UAP group had lower vitamin D levels than the control group (41.3 vs. 53.7 nmol/L, respectively), but this difference was marginal (p = 0.060) and not statistically significant. After adjustment for potential confounders, including gender, mean vitamin D levels remained non-significantly different between groups. In the sub-group analysis, vitamin D levels were lower in women than in men (p = 0.037), compared to the respective controls. Conclusion: This study showed for the first time that patients from LMIC who presented to ED with UAP displayed VDD. Validation from larger studies is warranted to evaluate the linkage of VDD with UAP

scholarly journals Vitamin D Status and Its Influence on the Health of Preschool Children in Hangzhou

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaojun Chen ◽  
Xi Lv ◽  
Wensheng Hu ◽  
Xia Qian ◽  
Ting Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Tract Infections

Objective: Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency in children are global public health problems. However, few studies have focused on vitamin D status in healthy preschool children, especially in Asia. This study aimed to investigate vitamin D status and host-related factors in healthy preschool children in Hangzhou to analyze the impact of low vitamin D levels (&lt;30 ng/mL) on health outcomes (obesity, early childhood caries, and respiratory tract infections).Methods: A total of 1,510 healthy children aged 24–72 months from 15 kindergartens in Hangzhou were included. Data on the children's gender, age, body mass index (BMI), caries, and blood samples available for vitamin D analysis were collected from June to August 2018. A total of 325 children aged 36–48 months took part in a survey on the frequency of respiratory tract infections in the last year.Results: The children's mean 25(OH)D level was 28.01 ± 7.29 ng/mL. A total of 11.4% of the children had vitamin D deficiency, and 52.6% had vitamin D insufficiency. Only 36.0% had vitamin D sufficiency. No significant difference was found by gender or BMI group. However, children in the obesity group had the highest prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and the lowest 25(OH)D levels. A significant negative correlation was found between the 25(OH)D level and child age (r = −0.144, p &lt; 0.001). Regression analysis showed that the children’s 25(OH)D levels decreased by 0.17 ng/mL per month with age. In addition, children with low vitamin D levels might increase the risk of obesity and early childhood caries. Multiple linear regression indicated that the number of caries in children increased by 0.08 per 1-ng/mL decrease in the 25(OH)D level (β = −0.08, p &lt; 0.001).Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency is a serious problem among healthy preschool children in Hangzhou. Public health policies or interventions should be implemented to ensure that preschool children have adequate vitamin D to reduce the risk of related diseases.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document