scholarly journals Rembrandt’s Danaë as Perceived by Russian Postmodern Artists

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Parfentyeva ◽  
Nikolai Parfentyev
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Modern Art ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Degree Of Freedom ◽  
Contemporary Culture ◽  
Unique Form ◽  
Direct Citation ◽  
Dutch Painter ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Contemporary Artists

This article considers works of contemporary artists inspired by Rembrandt’s Danaë (1636). The article’s purpose is to reveal the authors’ approaches to the perception of Rembrandt’s masterpiece and the representation of the well-known image in modern art. Paintings found at the exhibition In Memory of a Masterpiece (Chelyabinsk, 2006) are studied in the context of postmodern tendencies. Temporal, spatial, stylistic, cultural, and symbolic layers in works devoted to Danaë not only coexist and interact but are also presented with maximum irony, which is studied in the article through the prism of J. Baudrillard’s theory of simulacra and that of “double copying” by R. Barthes. Artists get actively involved in the game, which is realised by decanonising and fragmenting the original and creating unexpected extravagant combinations. Their dialogue with Rembrandt involves borrowings from the original through direct citation and other forms, i. e. allusions, reminiscences, and the grotesque. The article’s authors classify works according to how the artists use different citation formulas containing explicit and implicit references to the original painting. In their interpretations, contemporary artists present the “memory of Danaë” in nostalgic and ironic ways, also using play, parody, and protest. Together with this, the play on 20th-century styles is easy to notice and ranges from naïve art, primitivism, and minimalism to expressionism, symbolism, cubism, abstractionism, surrealism, suprematism, etc. As a result, what emerges is a mega-text where canon and tradition interact with the unique form chosen by the author of a particular painting. Even though all the works are united by a single theme and scale, the artists demonstrate a high degree of freedom, a spirit of contest, and play in the context of the postmodernist perception of the heritage of Rembrandt. They start a dialogue with the great Dutch painter, each of them being a mature and recognised master, which adds to the project’s artistic importance. The variations on the theme of Danaë by Rembrandt dramatically differ from each other from the point of view of composition, technique, colour, and style. The artists make it possible for the well-known plot to be prolonged and actualised, making it a sign of contemporary culture and convincing the viewer of the vast possibilities of modern art.

scholarly journals ABOUT THE LAW OF MINIMIZATION OF REPRESENTATION OF ARTISTIC CONCEPTS

2020 ◽  
pp. 155-161
Author(s):  
Antonina V. Shvetsova ◽  
◽  
Elena V. Donskaya ◽  
Olga B. Elkan ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Figurative Language ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Contemporary Culture ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Integral Process ◽  
Poetic Texts ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Material Texts

The authors appeal to the issues relevant to researchers of contemporary culture and art in the field of figurative language of culture, the two-level intertext and paradigm of metavirtualism. The object of research is a figurative, upper layer of two – level intertext, the carrier of the the-saurus of virtual images, constructions and concepts that make up the semantic field of culture. The subject of the research is the property of the image layer of the two-level intertext manifested in mini-mizing the representation of concepts in their translation into material texts of culture. The aim of the work is to substantiate the tendency to minimization of artistic concepts as an objective consequence of the influence of the upper, figurative layer of intertext on the integral process of development of artis-tic culture and to generalize this trend as a law of minimization of representation of artistic concepts. The ratio of the concept and the image associated with never validate of thinking and the idea of consciousness as a two-layer phenomenon, combining the imaginative and the rational (reflective) layer. In contrast to the relatively rigid verbal-reflexive level, the thesaurus of the “upper” (figurative) layer of intertext has a high degree of semantic dynamism, flexibility, and elasticity; these or other images by their very nature can not acquire a strictly defined “meaning”, meaning, rigid and unambig-uous interpretation – their specific manifestations are always and first of all concrete, individual and unique. In this sense, they can be compared with the “archetypes” of K. G. Jung. Researchers of modern poetic texts notice a steady reduction in the average length of the poem from the collection to the collection, a decrease in the number of stanzas, the desire for laconism, which grows into gravitation to poetic miniature. Sometimes they talk about the compression of infor-mation, the increment of meaning, content and at the same time minimize the means of expression, the growth of information capacity of signs. There is an obvious tendency to make the picturesque lan-guage of portrait, landscape, sculpture more laconic. Such a manifestation of conciseness, apparent simplification of the artistic language, minimization is actually aimed at concentrating the viewer on the images generated by the work of art (representation of the concept). This minimization of means of expression, from our point of view, is an objective consequence of the impact of the upper, figurative layer of intertext on the whole process of development of artistic culture, and can be generalized as a law of minimization of representation of artistic concepts. It is also promising to continue and deepen the analysis of the harmonious coexistence of cultural and artistic processes of “minimization” and “expansion” in the framework of the synthesis of arts.

The Limit Situation And The Narrative Of War (On The Material Of The Novel “My Lieutenant” By Daniil Granin)

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-104
Author(s):  
Anatoly S. Kuprin ◽  
Galina I. Danilina
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Continuous Limit ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Term Limit ◽  
Abstract Author ◽  
The Third ◽  
Definition Of

The purpose of this study is the analysis of limit situation in the narrative of war. The material of the study is the novel of Daniil Granin “My Lieutenant” and related texts. In the first part of the paper, the authors explore existing approaches to the term “limit situation” and similar concepts into scientific and philosophical traditions; limits of its applicability in literary studies and its relation to the categories of “narrative instances” and “event”. Proposed a literary-theoretical definition of the limit situation, which can be used in the analysis of fiction texts. Existing approaches to the examination of the situation of war are analyzed: philosophical-existential, psychoanalytic, sociological, literary. In the second part of the paper, the authors propose their method for analyzing limit situations in texts about war, which basis on existing approaches and preserves the text-centric principle of studying the structure of the story. Two interrelated areas of research have been identified: the study of war as a continuous limit situation in the intertextual aspect (the discourse of war); the study of limit situations (death, suffering, guilt, accident) in the narrative of war as part of a specific text. In the third part of the scientific work,the analysis of war as a continuous limit situation results in the study of the concept of “limit” (border) in a fiction text. The role of “limit” (border) concept in the texts about the war is studied, the possible types of limits in the discourse of war are examined. Limit situations in the narrative of war are analyzed on the basis of the novel “My Lieutenant” by Daniil Granin. A review of journalistic and scientific works about the novel revealed both the continuity and the differences between the novel and the “lieutenant” prose of the 20th century. An analysis of the limit situations in the novel revealed their key position in the narrative. These situations are independent of the fiction time, of the fluctuation of the point of view’; the function of the abstract author is to build the narrative as a “directive” immersion of the hero and narrator in these situations.

Resistance to Outflow of Cerebrospinal Fluid Determined by Bolus Injection Technique and Constant Rate Steady State Infusion in Humans

Neurosurgery ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 336-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Kosteljanetz
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Bolus Injection ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Injection Technique ◽  
Communicating Hydrocephalus ◽  
Constant Rate ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Infusion Technique

Abstract Two methods for the determination of resistance to the outflow of cerebrospinal fluid, the bolus injection technique and the constant rate steady state infusion technique, were compared. Thirty-two patients with a variety of intracranial diseases (usually communicating hydrocephalus) were studied. There was a high degree of correlation between the resistance values obtained with the two methods, but values based on the bolus injection technique were systematically and statistically significantly lower than those obtained with the constant rate infusion test. From a practical point of view. both methods were found to be applicable in a clinical setting.

Research on Simulation Customers Participate Type in Open Innovation

2014 ◽  
Vol 926-930 ◽  
pp. 2054-2057
Author(s):  
Jun Hui He
Keyword(s):  
Open Innovation ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
New Products ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Degree Of Freedom ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Dynamic Evolution ◽  
Evolution Simulation ◽  
High Degree

This paper proposed customers to participate typology based on three dimensions, which are the customers’ autonomy in the process, the nature of the firm‐customer collaboration, and the stage of the innovation process. Then proposed customers to participate in the type of open innovation framework. Through the static comparative and dynamic evolution simulation found: customers tend to be open to participate in the development of new products pre innovation, the tendency to begin to choose the low participation of degrees of freedom, and ultimately tend to opt for a high degree of freedom to participate.

TRADITION AND INNOVATION IN MODERN KAZAKH POETRY (XX century and independence)

2021 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-128
Author(s):  
Sh. Kuttybaev ◽  
◽  
Е. Abdimomynov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Evolutionary Development ◽  
Spiritual Values ◽  
Literary Traditions ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
National Poetry ◽  
In The Beginning

The article analyzes views on innovation in the literary science of the early twentieth century and the work of Alash representatives in an era that is a period filled with profound changes and large-scale innovations in Kazakh society. In addition, works related to freedom, enlightenment, politics, spiritual values, the position of the people as a whole and social changes are considered the idea of independence and continuity. On the way of evolutionary development of the Kazakh literature, artistic power, thematic and ideological character, substantial and stylistic features of poetry of poets in the beginning of the XX century and during the Great Patriotic War, in subsequent years and years of independence are discussed in detail. In addition, on the basis of literary traditions and novelty, the works of prominent poets of Kazakh poetry of the 20th century and Independence are considered and comprehensively characterized, i.e. internal motives, the content of life phenomena in national poetry are analyzed in close connection with the works of poets. The original vision of the traditional and differentiated in the literature of the Soviet period in the works of poets from a new perspective, from the point of view of today. In addition, the works of outstanding poets of Kazakh poetry in the period of the 20th century and independence are considered on the basis of classical tradition and novelty in literature.

Hidden Fissures and Epidemics in Plain Sight: The Common Paths of Syphilis and HIV in Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-142
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Contemporary Culture ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Early 21St Century ◽  
Women Living With Hiv ◽  
The Social ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
Closed Door ◽  
Social And Cultural Factors

The paper examines and compares two epidemics in Russia: syphilis in the first quarter of 20th century and HIV in the early 21st century. The author considers both epidemics from the standpoint of the social sciences by applying the concept of vulnerability to underline the social and cultural factors that cause one social group to be more susceptible to a disease than another. The article focuses on gender-based vulnerability and maintains that both epidemics follow a single, structurally similar scenario. The author shows that the vulnerability of women during both the syphilis and HIV epidemics depends upon the clear continuity in the way gender roles and expectations and the relationships between men and women were structured during the early days of the USSR and in present-day Russia. The article analyzes how stigma arises and how in both eras inequality of power and expectations for men and women formed the main channel for transmission of disease. The paths along which modern epidemics spread have been mostly inherited from the epidemics of past centuries, and in particular the HIV epidemic is following a pattern derived from the syphilis epidemic. More precisely, the current epidemics exploit the same vulnerability of certain groups, vulnerability rooted in the past and still manifest in the norms and relations in contemporary culture and society where one group is much more exposed than the other. The article relies on historical sources, in particular Lev Friedland"s book Behind a Closed Door: Observations of a Venereologist published in 1927, for its account of the syphilis epidemic in the early 20th century and on the author"s own research into the experience of women living with HIV in contemporary Russia.

The Degree Of Applying The Thinking Skills In Teaching Physical Education In Public Schools In Palestine From The Perspectives Of Teachers Of Physical Education Themselves

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 61-73
Author(s):  
Islam Abbas ◽  
Farah Naseer
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Reflective Thinking ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Thinking Skills ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
High Degree

This study aimed to identify the degree of applying the thinking skills in teaching physical education in public schools in Palestine from the perspectives of teachers of physical education themselves. The study found that the degree of applying the thinking skills in the field of thinking during the event received the highest degree of approval from the point of view of the teachers of physical education, followed by the field of thinking of the event in the second place. The field of reflective thinking in general received a high degree of approval, with a percentage of 73.3%. The study also focused on the preparation of teachers with a high awareness in the use of reflective thinking skills, and the need to prepare training programs for students in the field of reflective thinking to help them solve their problems No compound skills.

Review of: Рикёр П. Genesis, essence and substance in Plato and Aristotle. Course taught at the University of Strasbourg in 1953-1954 / transl. from french G. V. Vdovina. Moscow: Publishing house of humanitarian literature, 2019. 286 p. ISBN 978-5-87121-051-2

2019 ◽  
pp. 279-287
Author(s):  
Алексей Михайлович Гагинский
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Publishing House ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
History Of ◽  
The University ◽  
Formal Point

Курс лекций П. Рикёра, прочитанный более полувека назад, интересен по ряду причин. Во-первых, потому что он посвящён крайне важной теме — античной онтологии; во-вторых, потому что он был прочитан одним из ведущих философов XX в.; в-третьих, потому что этот философ был крупнейшим представителем герменевтического направления, вследствие чего особенно любопытно проследить, как он читает тексты, без преувеличения, самых важных философов в истории человечества. Впрочем, с формальной точки зрения есть некоторые сомнения в возожности исполнения замысла работы: П. Рикёр всё-таки не антиковед, его знание греческого языка, что видно из текста, весьма скромного уровня; кроме того, изданный текст представляет собой курс лекций, автор которых, как кажется, не столько хочет донести до слушателей результаты кропотливых исследований и продуманных идей, сколько разобраться вместе со студентами в античной онтологии. P. Ricoeur's course of lectures, delivered more than half a century ago, is interesting for a number of reasons. Firstly, because it is devoted to an extremely important topic - ancient ontology; secondly, because it was read by one of the leading philosophers of the 20th century; thirdly, because this philosopher was the biggest representative of the hermeneutic direction, so it is especially interesting to trace how he reads texts of, without exaggeration, the most important philosophers in the history of mankind. However, from the formal point of view, there are some doubts about the feasibility of the idea of the work: Ricoeur is not an antiquarian and his knowledge of Greek, as the text shows, is rather modest; besides, the published text is a course of lectures, the author of which seems to want not so much to convey the results of laborious research and elaborated ideas to his students, as to understand ancient ontology together with the students.

Leadership Styles of Public Schools Principals in the City of Hail in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: أنماط القيادة لدى مدراء مدارس التعليم العام في مدينة حائل في المملكة العربية السعودية

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (41) ◽  
pp. 161-138
Author(s):  
Fahad Husain Alshammari Fahad Husain Alshammari
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Leadership Style ◽  
School Principals ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Years Of Experience ◽  
Public School Principals ◽  
Low Degree ◽  
Study Population ◽  
High Degree

    This study aimed to: Identify the leadership style prevailing among public school principals in Hail from the teachers ’point of view, and to reveal the statistical significance of the differences in the estimates of the study sample individuals of the leadership style prevailing among school principals, which may due to variables of (educational stage, number of years of experience, and specialization). The researcher used the descriptive method, and prepared a questionnaire consisting of (24) statements distributed to (3) dimensions, which are: Democratic style, authoritarian style and chaotic style. The current study population included all the teachers of public education schools in Hail, who numbered (9390) teachers. The questionnaire was applied to a random sample of (296) teachers. The study found a set of results, the most important of which are: The prevailing leadership style among school principals is the democratic style, followed by the authoritarian style, and then the chaotic style. Where the democratic style obtained a mean (4.18) and a high degree of approval from the study sample, while the domineering style obtained a mean (1.83) and a low degree of approval from the study sample, and the chaotic style obtained an average (1.73) and a low degree of approval. Very members of the study sample. The results also showed that there are statistically significant differences in the degree of the study sample’s estimates of the leadership style prevailing among school principals due to the variable of years of experience, while there are no statistically significant differences in the degree of the study sample’s estimates of the leadership style prevailing among school principals due to the variables of the educational stage or specialization. In light of these results, the researcher recommended organizing training courses for school principals to enlighten them about the modern trends in educational leadership, and urged school principals to follow the democratic style of administration.

Idealism in Judicio of the Red Etatism

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
pp. 476-482
Author(s):  
Boris V. Mezhuev
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Political ◽  
Soviet Power ◽  
Detailed Review ◽  
Destructive Potential

The article is devoted to the detailed review of the publications almanac of prominent Russian historian M.A. Kolerov who mainly specialized in the works of Russian political idealists of the beginning of the 20th century, and especially those of P.B. Struve. The author draws attention to the fact that in 2018 almanac and in his latest works M.A. Kolerov directly contrasts Struve’s consistent anti-Bolshevism and “White activism” with the powerful national Bolshevist views of his student and disciple N.V. Ustryalov, who accepted Soviet power in 1920, returned to the USSR in 1935 and perished in the period of Stalin repressions. In the present article the author makes the attempt to critically assess national Bolshevism mainly not from the political, but from the moral and philosophic point of view. He notes that the major mistake of Ustryalov and his associates was in their refusal to politically criticize Bolshevism, thus underestimating the destructive potential of the terrorist practices of the Communist dictatorship for the destiny of the country and its people.

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