scholarly journals Projects and Reality: Industrial Construction in the First Five-Year Plans in the Central Urals

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Kamenskaya
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
State Archive ◽  
The Urals ◽  
Significant Discrepancy ◽  
Industrial Construction ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Individual Enterprise ◽  
Industrial Complexes ◽  
National Trends ◽  
Central Urals

This article considers the peculiarities of designing industrial enterprises and their settlements in the USSR during the first five-year plans. Referring to the Pyshminsky Electrolytic Copper Plant (Rus. PMEZ) and Medny Rudnik, the settlement around it, the author carries out a comparative analysis of its designs and their implementation. The author refers to the collections of the State Archive of Sverdlovsk Region, periodicals, and materials related to plans for the economic development of the Urals and the USSR. Analysis of the main decisions demonstrates a gradual departure from the project in each of the points, often caused by subjective reasons. The plan of the settlement combined ideas of new Soviet everyday life and real conditions, reflecting national trends in the life of an individual enterprise and locality. The construction of the PMEZ and its settlement is compared with other projects from the first five-year plans (Uralmash, Magnitostroy, etc.), singling out typical and specific features. The author pays special attention to the reasons for a significant discrepancy between what was initially planned and what was implemented, such as insufficient funding, constant short-ages of materials and equipment, lack of personnel, changing administrative trends, the specialisation of regions and industrial complexes, and architectural policy. Many elements of the projects were unrealistic, and some solutions that were implemented but proved unsustainable reveal serious problems in the field of industrial design in the USSR between the 1920s and 1930s.

scholarly journals Great Patriotic War and Labor Resources of Urals Industry: Development Features

2021 ◽  
pp. 388-399
Author(s):  
V. N. Mamyachenkov ◽  
A. L. Anisimov ◽  
V. V. Shvedov
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Forced Migration ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Economic Region ◽  
The Urals ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Post War ◽  
Labor Resources ◽  
The Impact

The analysis of the influence of the Great Patriotic War on the supply of labor resources to the industry of the Ural economic region is carried out. Materials from the funds of three archives were used — the Russian State Archive of Economics, the State Archive of the Sverdlovsk Region and the Center for Documentation of Public Organizations of the Sverdlovsk Region, some of which have not been previously published. It is re-ported that a rather extensive list of studies is devoted to the question of the impact of the Great Patriotic War on the economy of the Ural economic region and its individual sectors (primarily industry and agriculture). It is alleged that during the war, during the mass evacuation, the Urals received about 700 industrial enterprises from the western regions of the country. It is stated that such a large-scale, unplanned and forced migration, on the one hand, created difficulties associated with the placement of equipment and people, and on the other. The disproportionately expanded industrial potential of the Ural eco-nomic region created great problems in the post-war period. Attention is focused on the fact that the Great Patriotic War gave the industry of the Urals a strong impetus for further development. It is proved that the war had a contradictory impact on the socio-economic development of the Urals. It is emphasized that to eliminate the shortage of labor resources, a method tested even before the war — the massive movement of the population from village to city was used.

scholarly journals ‘... Her Imperial Majesty Deigned to Declare Herself’: V. N. Tatishchev’s Journal-Book for 1734

2018 ◽  
pp. 882-891
Author(s):  
Mikhail A. Kiselev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Personal Control ◽  
The State ◽  
Active Part ◽  
Documentary Evidence ◽  
State Archive ◽  
The Urals ◽  
Russian Culture ◽  
History Of ◽  
Important State

This is the first publication of the journal-book kept by famous Russian statesman and historian Vasily Nikitich Tatishchev from February 10 to April 2, 1734, after his appointment director of the Urals state-owned metallurgical plants. This document allows to clarify the circumstances of V. N Tatishchev's appointment to the Urals, including its date. According to the document, it was made on February 10 by oral order of the Empress. Immediately afterwards Vasily Nikitich plunged into planning his trip assisted by cabinet-ministers A. I. Osterman, A. M. Cherkassky, and president of the Commerce-Collegium P. P. Shafirov. The journal-book allows to reconstruct the flow of communication within the bureaucratic elite in 1730s. It also shows that internal documentation (minutes and registers) of the Cabinet of Ministers does not fully reflect its activities. It indicates that the Empress took a most active part and interest in Tatishchev’s appointment and his sending away; she thus sought to keep under her personal control all most important state affairs, including management of metallurgical plants. The document is of interest for studying history of Russian culture of the 18th century, as it contains some information about translator and writer K. A. Kondratovich and historian P. N. Krekshin. It intimates that Kondratovich was exiled to the Urals with Tatishchev by oral order from Anna Ioannovna. To this, there is no other documentary evidence, and therefore, Kondratovich attempted to mystify the circumstances of his exile to the Urals and to bury the fact in oblivion. The document is stored in the State Archive of the Sverdlovsk Region, Ekaterinburg.

Tools for Assessing the Potential of Industrial Complexes and Territories in the Context of Digital Transformations

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 1200-1209
Author(s):  
V. I. Men’shchikova ◽  
Y. V. Vertakova ◽  
V. I. Drozdov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Russian Regions ◽  
Telecommunications Networks ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Applied Software ◽  
Industrial Complexes ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
And Cluster Analysis

conditions for the introduction of digital technologies and its own level of potential. This makes the issues of assessing the digital potential of economic systems at various levels increasingly important. The presented study expands and assesses the concept of the potential of industrial complexes in the context of digital transformations.Aim. The study aims to assess the digital potential of industrial complexes based on the analysis of regional conditions for the use of information technologies and information and telecommunications networks.Tasks. The authors substantiate the urgency of the problem and the experience of solving it; explore the essence of the potential of industrial complexes in the context of digital transformations, summarize approaches to its assessment, characterize the digital potential of the industry; assess the digital potential of the regions of the Russian Federation as specific territories where industrial complexes are located; propose ways of increasing the digital potential of territories.Methods. This study uses general scientific methods of cognition and methods of comparative analysis to develop the general research logic and explore the essence of the examined phenomena and processes. It also uses such methodological tools as analytical introspection (determining the estimated phenomena of the examined object through the analysis of practical materials) and theoretical cognition (grouping and summarizing scientific research in the field of digital transformations in the economy). Methods of applied statistics and cluster analysis are used to examine various aspects of the use of information technologies and information and telecommunications networks in regional Russian organizations. Applied software Excel and IBM SPSS Statistics are used to perform calculations, process and evaluate the information used in the study.Results. The authors conclude that it is necessary to separate digital potential from the structure of potential of industrial enterprises and complexes. Digital potential is described as an opportunity for enterprises to build a more effective management system through digital technologies and/or their implementation in production processes. By using the total placings method and data clustering based on intergroup relations, the authors are able to rank regions of the Russian Federation and group them into six clusters by the degree to which information technologies and information and telecommunications networks are used in organizations. Major directions for increasing the digital potential of Russian regions as specific territories where industrial complexes are located are proposed.Conclusions. The conducted study explores the essence of the potential of industrial complexes in the context of digital transformations, summarizes approaches to its assessment, and determines the essence of the digital potential of the industry; assesses the digital potential of Russian regions as specific territories where industrial complexes are located; proposes ways of increasing the digital potential of territories.

scholarly journals Recreational Areas as a Basis of the Municipal and Urban Territories’ Ecological Framework

2018 ◽  
Vol 170 ◽  
pp. 04009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugenia Ketova ◽  
Julia Lesotova
Keyword(s):  
Resource Saving ◽  
Industrial Construction ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Environment Quality ◽  
Demand Structure ◽  
Urban Territories ◽  
Human Habitation ◽  
Harmful Effects

Nowadays, population migration from small settlements to large ones and big cities is typical; as a result, it becomes urgent to study the urban environment as the main sphere of human habitation. The problem of the environment quality becomes more and more relevant every year. Rapid growth of cities, industrial construction, development of highways networks and vehicles become the root cause of the harmful effects on the atmosphere. Therefore, environmental pollution is a worldwide environmental problem for cities. The goal of the work is to determine the importance of conservation, revival and design of recreational zones in a city body. The degradation of the function and the change in the demand structure for territory use comes with the appearance of new needs for the society, while the new activity comprehension and development of the already existing object becomes of little interest. The problem of maintaining ecological balance of large cities appeared in the middle of the XX century, in particular, it was connected with resource saving, air pollution through industrial enterprises emissions and vehicles into the atmosphere, in this connection, the preservation and revival of recreational areas in structure of cities

Ulyanovsk urban motor-vehicle transport in 1986–1990

2019 ◽  
pp. 283-291
Author(s):  
Rashit Muchamedov ◽  
Marat Khisamov
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
The State ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Contemporary History ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Industrial Facilities ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Ulyanovsk Region ◽  
Trading Network ◽  
The City

We set the goal to study the development of passenger and freight motor-vehicle transport, the effectiveness of which ensures the continuous operation of large and small industrial enterprises, as well as the urban trading network and the services sector. We analyze the problem on the basis of archival sources drawn from the funds of the State Archive of Contemporary History of the Ulyanovsk Region (SACH UR) and the State Archive of the Ulyanovsk Region (SAUR), which are first put into scientific circulation, as well as materials from a monograph and dissertation research by authors from both regional and Russian level. In the course of the work, we reveal the trends in the development of passenger and freight motor-vehicle transport, its problems and achievements. We consider the measures taken by local party bodies to increase the functioning efficiency of motor-vehicle transport during the twelfth Five-year plan, the development trends of urban transport, as well as its problems and achievements. As a result of the study, we conclude that passenger transport is an important link in the urban economy system, without which the ex-istence of the city as a whole would not have been possible, and its development peak occurred precisely in the years under consideration (1986–1990) when intensive construction of industrial facilities and housing was carried out in the city. The intensive development of urban transport was also associated, with the labor of rationalizers who developed new projects of innovative technologies introduction, which made it possible to increase labor efficiency.

scholarly journals REB’s statistical series: surveys of industrial enterprises

2021 ◽  
pp. 15-45
Author(s):  
S. Aukutsionek ◽  
A. Batyaeva ◽  
N. Dyomina ◽  
A. Egorov ◽  
A. Matveev
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Economic Indicators ◽  
Regular Extension ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Statistical Series ◽  
Wide Range

Industrial indexes of the Russian Economic Barometer cover a wide range of economic indicators of Russia’s industrial enterprises. The article presents the basic statistical data collected on a monthly, quarterly and semi-annual base by the Russian Economic Barometer through direct surveys of industrial enterprises’ managers. Regular extension of rows allows to consider the dynamics of more than 100 series of indicators, to conduct a comparative analysis of data collected since 1991.

scholarly journals REB’s statistical series: surveys of industrial enterprises

2021 ◽  
pp. 24-55
Author(s):  
S. Aukutsionek ◽  
A. Batyaeva ◽  
N. Dyomina ◽  
A. Egorov ◽  
A. Matveev
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Economic Indicators ◽  
Regular Extension ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Statistical Series ◽  
Wide Range

Industrial indexes of the Russian Economic Barometer cover a wide range of economic indicators of Russia’s industrial enterprises. The article presents the basic statistical data collected on a monthly, quarterly and semi-annual base by the Russian Economic Barometer through direct surveys of industrial enterprises’ managers. Regular extension of rows allows to consider the dynamics of more than 100 series of indicators, to conduct a comparative analysis of data collected since 1991.

scholarly journals REB’s statistical series: surveys of industrial enterprises

2021 ◽  
pp. 22-53
Author(s):  
S. Aukutsionek ◽  
A. Batyaeva ◽  
N. Dyomina ◽  
A. Egorov ◽  
A. Matveev
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Economic Indicators ◽  
Regular Extension ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Statistical Series ◽  
Wide Range

Industrial indexes of the Russian Economic Barometer cover a wide range of economic indicators of Russia’s industrial enterprises. The article presents the basic statistical data collected on a monthly, quarterly and semi-annual base by the Russian Economic Barometer through direct surveys of industrial enterprises’ managers. Regular extension of rows allows to consider the dynamics of more than 100 series of indicators, to conduct a comparative analysis of data collected since 1991.

scholarly journals EVEN PERSONAL NAMES IN THEHISTORICAL NAME LIST OF THE KHORI-BURYATS

2021 ◽  
pp. 20-27
Author(s):  
Раиса Гандыбаловна Жамсаранова
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
The State ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Personal Names ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Almost All ◽  
First Time ◽  
Descriptive Method

В статье описывается гипотетическое наличие эвенских личных имен в историческом именнике хори-бурят, извлеченных из ревизских описей Государственного Архива Забайкальского края. Целью статьи является описание эвеноязычных личных имен в своде исторического именника хори-бурят. Это имена, которые ни лексически, ни по своему значению не коррелируют с тибет-монгольскими именами хори-бурят. Данные имена представляют собой ожидаемый в исторической антропонимии бурят антропонимический субстрат, подтверждаемый и обусловленный алтаеязычной общностью тунгусо-маньчжуроязычных эвенов и монголоязычных бурят. Актуальность и новизна статьи обусловлена отсутствием работ по исследованию антропонимического субстрата в своде исторического именника. Вводятся в научный оборот исторические антропонимы, извлеченные из дореволюционного фонда Государственного Архива Забайкальского края. Антропонимическим материалом послужили имена типа Ламханов, Номоконов, Иркыту, наличие которых почти во всех 11 родах хори-бурят обусловлено этногенезом бурят с наличием в том числе и тунгусо-маньчжурских компонентов. В качестве основных результатов приведены доводы в пользу эвенского антропонимического субстрата в именнике бурят, который выписан из ревизских описей. Анализ значения имен Ламханов, Номоконов, Иркыту, равно как и лексемный анализ, позволили отнести их к именам эвенского происхождения. The article describes the hypothetical presence of the Even personal names in the historical name list of the Khori-Buryats extracted from the census documents of the State Archive of Zabaykalsky Krai. The article aims at describing the Even personal names in the historical name list of the Khori-Buryats. These names, which neither lexically nor in their meaning correlate with the Tibetan-Mongolian names of the Khori-Buryats, are of another linguistic origin. These names represent the anthroponymic substratum expected in the historical anthroponymy of the Buryats, confirmed and conditioned by the Altai-speaking community of the Tungus-Manchu-speaking Evens and Mongolian-speaking Buryats. The relevance and novelty of the article is due to the lack of research works on the anthroponymic substratum in the historical name list. Historical anthroponyms extracted from the prerevolutionary fund of the State Archive of Zabaykalsky Krai are introduced into scientific circulation for the first time. Anthroponymic material are the names of Lamkhanov, Nomokonov, Irkhytu, the presence of which in almost all the eleven kins of the Khori-Buryats due to the ethnogenesis of the Buryats including the Tungus-Manchurian components. The article employs the methods of comparative analysis, descriptive method, method of reconstruction of the anthroponymic model, historical method. The study resulted in the arguments in favor of the Even anthroponymic substratum in the name list of the Buryats, written out from the censuses. The analysis of the meaning of the names of Lamkhanov, Nomokonov, and Irkhytu, as well as the lexeme analysis, allowed us to refer these names to the names of the Even origin.

scholarly journals REB’s statistical series: surveys of industrial enterprises

2020 ◽  
pp. 23-54
Author(s):  
S. Aukutsionek ◽  
A. Batyaeva ◽  
N. Dyomina ◽  
A. Egorov ◽  
A. Matveev
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Economic Indicators ◽  
Regular Extension ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Statistical Series ◽  
Wide Range

Industrial indexes of the Russian Economic Barometer cover a wide range of economic indicators of Russia’s industrial enterprises. The article presents the basic statistical data collected on a monthly, quarterly and semi-annual base by the Russian Economic Barometer through direct surveys of industrial enterprises managers. Regular extension of rows allows to consider the dynamics of more than 100 series of indicators, to conduct a comparative analysis of data collected since 1991.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document