scholarly journals BIOREMEDIATION OF A CAMBIC CHERNOZEM POLLUTED WITH PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS

1970 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Marinescu ◽  
M. Dumitru ◽  
Anca Lacatusu
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Organic Pollutant ◽  
Complex Mixture ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Polluted Soils ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Sources Of Pollution ◽  
Biological Methods ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The exploitation of petroleum has generated various sources of pollution in soil. In order to resolve this problem, several techniques have been developed. Physical and chemical methods are the most widely methods used for land treatment of oil polluted soils. These methods are expensive, ineffective and could cause a lot of damages on soil. The biological methods are not expensive and do not cause changes in the soil physical and chemical characteristics. Bioremediation is based on the capacity of microorganisms to degrade organic pollutant compounds, such as hydrocarbons. This study presents the preliminary results of a bioremediation alternative for soils polluted with crude oil (petroleum hydrocarbons). The bioremediation was achieved by increasing the microbial population by adding the fibers provided from celluloid wastes and bacteria inoculum. The paper presents the effect of a bioremediation treatment applied to a cambic chernozem polluted with 50000 mg kg-1 (5% crude oil) and 100000 mg kg-1 (10% crude oil) of a complex mixture of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH).

Biomedical Applications and Patents on Metallic Nanoparticles

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geetanjali Singh ◽  
Pramod Kumar Sharma ◽  
Rishabha Malviya
Keyword(s):  
Metallic Nanoparticles ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Size Range ◽  
Biomedical Application ◽  
Chemical Reduction ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Biological Methods ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis And Therapy ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Aim/Objective: The author writes the manuscript by reviewing the literatures related to the biomedical application of metallic nanoparticles. The term metal nanoparticles are used to describe the nanosized metals with the dimension within the size range of 1-100 nm. Methods: The preparation of metallic nanoparticles and their application is an influential area for research. Among various physical and chemical methods (viz. chemical reduction, thermal decomposition, etc.) for synthesizing silver nanoparticles, biological methods have been suggested as possible eco-friendly alternatives. The synthesis of metallic nanoparticles is having many problems inclusive of solvent toxicity, the formation of hazardous byproducts and consumption of energy. So it is important to design eco-friendly benign procedures for the synthesis of metallic nanoparticles. Results: From the literature survey, we concluded that metallic nanoparticles have applications in the treatment of different diseases. Metallic nanoparticles are having a great advantage in the detection of cancer, diagnosis, and therapy. And it can also have properties such as antifungal, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antiviral and anti-angiogenic. Conclusion: In this review, recent upcoming advancement of biomedical application of nanotechnology and their future challenges has been discussed.

Efficiency and Kinetics of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPHs) Removal from Crude Oil Polluted Arable Soil using Palm Bunch Ash and Tween 80

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Godwin James Udo ◽  
Nnanake-Abasi O. Offiong ◽  
Alfreda Nwadinigwe ◽  
Clement O. Obadimu ◽  
Aniedi E. Nyong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Arable Soil ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Palm Bunch

scholarly journals Production of CO2 in crude oil bioremediation in clay soil

2005 ◽  
Vol 48 (spe) ◽  
pp. 249-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandro José Baptista ◽  
Magali Christe Cammarota ◽  
Denize Dias de Carvalho Freire
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Co2 Production ◽  
Oil And Grease ◽  
Before And After

The aim of the present work was to evaluate the biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons in clay soil a 45-days experiment. The experiment was conducted using an aerobic fixed bed reactor, containing 300g of contaminated soil at room temperature with an air rate of 6 L/h. The growth medium was supplemented with 2.5% (w/w) (NH4)2SO4 and 0.035% (w/w) KH2PO4. Biodegradation of the crude oil in the contaminated clay soil was monitored by measuring CO2 production and removal of organic matter (OM), oil and grease (OandG), and total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH), measured before and after the 45-days experiment, together with total heterotrophic and hydrocarbon-degrading bacterial count. The best removals of OM (50%), OandG (37%) and TPH (45%) were obtained in the bioreactors in which the highest CO2 production was achieved.

scholarly journals METHODS OF DISINFECTION OF MANURE AND MANURE EFFLUENTS

2020 ◽  
pp. 465-470
Author(s):  
Hutoryanina ◽  
Dumbadze ◽  
Dimidova
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Liquid Manure ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Open Type ◽  
Helminth Eggs ◽  
Biological Methods ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The problem of environmental pollution has now acquired global significance. Helminth eggs in liquid manure laid in open-type sedimentation tanks in October-November, remain viable for 12 months or more, and in spring-summer manure for 4–5 months. Therefore, uninfected liquid manure in both winter and summer poses a serious threat of contamination of reservoirs, soil, groundwater, feed and pastures with dangerous pathogens for humans and animals. This circumstance makes it necessary to carry out disinfestation of manure of all categories. Based on the above, the purpose of the work was to analyze existing methods of manure disinfection and manure effluents. All methods of deworming (disinvasion) of manure and its fractions can be divided into three groups: biological, physical and chemical. It is generally recognized that biological methods for decomposing organic waste are considered environmentally acceptable and cost-effective. Some of the analyzed physical and chemical methods also have a certain effectiveness of disinfection. When using these groups of disinfectants, constant monitoring and compliance with technological parameters is necessary, as well as the norms for the consumption of disinfectants and the exposure time must be observed.

scholarly journals Phytoremediation of hydrocarbon-contaminated soils with emphasis on the effect of petroleum hydrocarbons on the growth of plant species

2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravanbakhsh Shirdam ◽  
Ali Daryabeigi Zand ◽  
Gholamreza Nabi Bidhendi ◽  
Nasser Mehrdadi
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Green Technology ◽  
Hydrocarbon Contamination ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Polluted Soils

To date, many developing countries such as Iran have almost completely abandoned the idea of decontaminating oil-polluted soils due to the high costs of conventional (physical/chemical) soil remediation methods. Phytoremediation is an emerging green technology that can become a promising solution to the problem of decontaminating hydrocarbon-polluted soils. Screening the capacity of native tolerant plant species to grow on aged, petroleum hydrocarbon-contaminated soils is a key factor for successful phytoremediation. This study investigated the effect of hydrocarbon pollution with an initial concentration of 40 000 ppm on growth characteristics of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) and common flax (Linum usitatissumum). At the end of the experiment, soil samples in which plant species had grown well were analyzed for total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) removal by GC-FID. Common flax was used for the first time in the history of phytoremediation of oil-contaminated soil. Both species showed promising remediation efficiency in highly contaminated soil; however, petroleum hydrocarbon contamination reduced the growth of the surveyed plants significantly. Sorghum and common flax reduced TPHs concentration by 9500 and 18500 mg kg‑1, respectively, compared with the control treatment.

Spatial patterns of total petroleum hydrocarbons in the terrestrial environment at McMurdo Station, Antarctica

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 450-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew G. Klein ◽  
Stephen T. Sweet ◽  
Terry L. Wade ◽  
José L. Sericano ◽  
Mahlon C. Kennicutt
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Environmental Monitoring ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Complex Mixture ◽  
The United States ◽  
Monitoring Programme ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Terrestrial Environment ◽  
Mcmurdo Station ◽  
Environmental Monitoring Programme

AbstractFossil fuels are used throughout the United States Antarctic Program. Accidental releases of petroleum hydrocarbons are the leading source of environmental contamination. Since 1999 McMurdo Station has been the site of the most extensive environmental monitoring programme in Antarctica. Nearly 2500 surface soil samples were collected from 1999–2007 to determine the spatial “footprint” of petroleum hydrocarbons. Total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) concentrations were measured using a high-resolution capillary gas chromatographic method with flame ionization detection. Three distinct TPH patterns were detected: low molecular weight gasoline/JP5/AN8, residual weathered petroleum and an unresolved complex mixture of high molecular weight material. Overall TPH concentrations were low with 38% of the samples having TPH concentrations below 30 ppm and 58% below 100 ppm. Total petroleum hydrocarbon concentrations above 30 ppm are largely confined to the central portions of the station, along roads and in other areas where elevated TPH would be expected. Peripheral areas typically have TPH concentrations below 15 ppm. Areas of elevated TPH concentrations are patchy and of limited spatial extent, seldom extending over distances of 100 m. This environmental monitoring programme is ongoing and can serve as an example to other Antarctic programmes concerned with monitoring environmental impacts.

Bioremediation of Soil Contaminated by Crude Oil in Daqing, China

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiling Zhang ◽  
Dehong Kong ◽  
Sheng Sun ◽  
Zhiguo Luo ◽  
Peng Luo
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Degradation Rate ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Optimum Ratio ◽  
Treatment Unit ◽  
Nutrient Ratio

Bioremediation of soil contaminated by pipeline spills in the Daquin region of China is presented in this paper. The objective of the study was to determine the nutrient ratio required for the bioremediation of soil contaminated by Daqing crude oil. Several experiments were conducted using different proportions of C:N:P:K to choose the optimum ratio of nutrients to be applied for bioremediation, C is supplied from the crude oil in the contaminated soil. The moisture content, porosity, PH and temperature of the contaminated soil were adjusted for optimum conditions. The experimental bioremediation technology was conducted in a treatment unit that was 0.5 m in length, 0.7 m in width, and 1.5 m in height. The results showed that the degradation rate of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPH) increased with increased concentrations of crude oil in the soil. At the beginning of the bioremediation experiments, the degradation rate of THP is high, but it gradually slowed over the course of the experiment. The degradation rate of TPH averaged 98% over 8 months.

scholarly journals Phytoremediation of Soil Contaminated with Crude Oil Using Mucuna Bracteata

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuok Ho Daniel Tang ◽  
Yu Wei Eric Law
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Narrow Range ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Oil Degradation ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Crude Oil Degradation ◽  
High Level

This study examines the ability of Mucuna bracteata DC. to remediate soil contaminated with increasing levels of crude oil up to 20%. It also investigates the effect of fertilizer application on crude oil degradation. Changes in crude oil concentrations, pH and moisture of the soil in eight experimental pots were tracked over a period of 9 weeks. The crude oil levels in soil were analysed as Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPHs) using the UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The study revealed the capacity of Mucuna bracteata to phytoremediate soil contaminated with crude oil in all experimental pots though the plant died at 20% contamination towards the end of the experiment. The plant survived up to 15% contamination with that in the fertilized pot showing better physical conditions. In all instances, fertilized pots showed higher rates of crude oil reduction. The amounts of crude oil degraded in fertilized pots were also higher except at 20% contamination. The soil pH varied over a narrow range throughout the experimental period. Moisture of soil contaminated with 15% and 20% crude oil was higher than that contaminated with 5% and 10% crude oil. Mucuna bracteata showed signs of phytoextraction which can be subject to further study. This study contributed a new candidate of phytoremediation for soil contaminated with high level of crude oil.

scholarly journals Evolution of the Microbioal Population in a Polluted Soil with Petroleum Hydrocarbons

1970 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana MARINESCU ◽  
M. DUMITRU ◽  
Anca LĂCĂTUŞU ◽  
Gabriela MIHALACHE
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Natural Product ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Polluted Soil ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Biodegradation Rate ◽  
Green House ◽  
Bacterial Inoculum

Crude oil bioremediation of soils is limited by the bacteria activity in degrading the spills hydrocarbons. The aim of this study is to enhance the bioremediation of soils polluted with crude oil by adding the natural biodegradable product and bacterial inoculum. Biodegradation was quantified by total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) analyses. Petroleum hydrocarbon pollution is one of the main environmental problems, not only by the important amounts released but also because of their toxicity. The main objective of this work is to accelerate the biodegradation processes. The enhancement of petroleum hydrocarbons degradation was achieved under natural product treatment and bacterial inoculum. The bacterial inoculum was used to enrich indigenous microbes to enhance biodegradation rate in the green house experiment.

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