scholarly journals Biohardening of Arabidopsis thaliana Seeds and Seedlings with Fraser Photinia Associated Bacterium (PGB_invit) in In vitro Conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 954-961
Author(s):  
Maria BATOOL ◽  
Özlem AKKAYA ◽  
Mine GÜL ŞEKER ◽  
Yelda ÖZDEN ÇİFTÇİ

The aim of this study was to analyze possible positive effects of putatively endophytic PGPB (PGB_invit), which was isolated from long-term in vitro cultured fraser photinia microshoots, on seed and 7-day old seedling stages of Arabidopsis thaliana. Seeds and in vitro-germinated seedlings were inoculated with 107 CFU/mL and 108 CFU/mL active (A) and inactive (I) endophytic bacterial populations along with their mix compositions (A+I) and suspended in MPYE broth together with their controls (untreated ones). 14 days old seedlings were evaluated for various plant growth parameters [i.e., shoot and root fresh weight (FW), shoot length (SL), shoot and root dry weight (DW), root length (RL) and photosynthetic pigments including chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids of plantlets] as well as endophytic and rhizospheric trait of bacteria. Positive effects of inactive and active bacterium on FW, DW and photosynthetic pigments for 7-day inoculated seedlings were recorded whereas an increase in photosynthetic contents for seed stage inoculations was observed. Rhizospheric and endophytic colonization of the bacteria was confirmed by PCR with the presence of virD1 gene, which is previously recorded to be existed in the plasmid of bacterium after inoculation. Overall, these results demonstrated that this peculiar putative endophytic bacterium being beneficial in active and even more useful in inactive form for A. thaliana when optimum conditions and concentrations are used. Moreover, presence of virD1 gene suggested its potential possibility to be used in bioengineering along with various other beneficial PGPR features as biofertilizer.

2002 ◽  
Vol 68 (9) ◽  
pp. 4689-4693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dora I. A. Pereira ◽  
Glenn R. Gibson

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of human gut-derived lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria on cholesterol levels in vitro. Continuous cultures inoculated with fecal material from healthy human volunteers with media supplemented with cholesterol and bile acids were used to enrich for potential cholesterol assimilators among the indigenous bacterial populations. Seven potential probiotics were found: Lactobacillus fermentum strains F53 and KC5b, Bifidobacterium infantis ATCC 15697, Streptococcus bovis ATCC 43143, Enterococcus durans DSM 20633, Enterococcus gallinarum, and Enterococcus faecalis. A comparative evaluation regarding the in vitro cholesterol reduction abilities of these strains along with commercial probiotics was undertaken. The degree of acid and bile tolerance of strains was also evaluated. The human isolate L. fermentum KC5b was able to maintain viability for 2 h at pH 2 and to grow in a medium with 4,000 mg of bile acids per liter. This strain was also able to remove a maximum of 14.8 mg of cholesterol per g (dry weight) of cells from the culture medium and therefore was regarded as a candidate probiotic.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Nekoee Mehmandar ◽  
Farzad Rasouli ◽  
Mousa Torabi Giglou ◽  
Seyed Morteza Zahedi ◽  
Mohammad Ali Aazami

Abstract Water deficit in first growth stages of melon (Cucumis melo L.) in formation of first true leaves after germination can be a factor limiting production. The first step for resolve the problem is genotypes evaluation and identification of drought tolerant melons. An effective method to achieve the goal is use of osmotic solution in tissue culture. Responses of Iranian melon landraces to drought was evaluated using sorbitol at 0.1, 0.2 and 0.4 M or polyethyleneglycol (PEG 6000) at 0.009, 0.012 and 0.015 M concentrations, and MS medium without treatment as the control. Coleoptile length, fresh and dry weight of shoots and roots, photosynthetic pigments, protein, proline, malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, guaiacol peroxidase and ascorbate peroxidase were measured. The PEG or sorbitol decreased coleoptile length, fresh weight and photosynthetic pigments, and led to enhancement of proline and MDA. Contents of protein and antioxidant enzymes was completely dependent on genotype and type and concentration of osmotic material. The in vitro culture for screening and identification of tolerant and sensitive drought genotypes could be rapid, useful and effective, with sorbitol mimicing drought better than PEG. After in vitro evaluation, the genotype responses to induced water deficit need to be confirmed under field conditions.


Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Cioć ◽  
Andrzej Kalisz ◽  
Marek Żupnik ◽  
Bożena Pawłowska

A mixture of red and blue light-emitting diodes (LEDs; at a ratio of 7:3, respectively) were used to analyze the effects of different photosynthetic photon flux densities (PPFDs) (40, 80, and 120 µmol m−2 s−1 hereafter known as LED 40, 80, and 120, respectively) on the micropropagation of Gerbera jamesonii Bolus shoots. The experiment also examined the effect of 6-benzyladenine (BA) in 1, 2.5, and 5 µM concentrations in the media. Biometrical observations and analyses of leaf morphometry and photosynthetic pigment content were conducted. Shoot multiplication increased with an increasing BA concentration. A PPFD of 80 µmol m−2 s−1 and 5 µM BA is suggested as efficient for shoot propagation and economically viable. LED 120 increased the leaf blade area and its width, and circularity and elongation ratios. The intensity of light did not affect the fresh weight, which increased at higher BA concentrations (2.5 and 5 μM). The dry weight content decreased with increasing cytokinin concentration; the greatest content was observed on media with 1 µM BA under PPFD 120 µmol m−2 s−1. LED 80 increased the photosynthetic pigments content in the leaves in comparison to the standard intensity of LED 40. Increased BA concentration raises the content of chlorophyll a.


2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 138-151
Author(s):  
Shilfiana Rahayu ◽  
Edy Setiti Wida Utami ◽  
Aldy Bahaduri Indraloka

AbstrakVanda hookeriana Rchb.f. merupakan anggrek yang dilindungi dan keberlangsungan hidupnya di alam terancam punah, sehingga perbanyakan anggrek secara in vitro sangat diperlukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak yeast dan pisang raja terhadap pertumbuhan tunas embrio anggrek V. hookeriana Rchb.f. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan RAL faktorial, faktor pertama adalah ekstrak yeast dengan 3 taraf: 0,5 g/L, 1 g/L, dan 1,5 g/L, faktor kedua adalah buah pisang raja dengan 3 taraf: 50 g/L, 100 g/L, dan 150 g/L. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan teknik kultur jaringan, pengamatan dilakukan setiap bulan sekali dengan mengamati aspek morfologi plantlet. Media yang digunakan adalah Vacin-Went (VW) + kombinasi ekstrak yeast dan pisang raja. Parameter pengamatan berupa tinggi tunas, berat kering tunas, jumlah daun, diameter daun, panjang daun, berat kering daun, jumlah akar, diameter akar, panjang akar, berat kering akar, dan morfologi tunas. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan pisang raja 150 g/L + ekstrak yeast 0,5 g/L merupakan konsentrasi yang paling berperan terhadap parameter pertumbuhan anggrek V. hookeriana Rchb.f. Penelitian ini berhasil membuktikan bahwa penambahan komponen organik dalam media kultur jaringan memberikan respon pertumbuhan dan perkembangan yang baik pada eksplan. Komponen organik membantu proses fisiologis eksplan, karena komponen organik mengandung senyawa potensial yang dibutuhkan selama proses pertumbuhan dan perkembangan. Abstract Vanda hookeriana Rchb.f. is one of protected orchid and its survival in the wild was threatened by extinction, so orchid propagation was needed. This research aimed to determine the effect of yeast and pisang raja extracts to embryonal shoot growth of Vanda hookeriana Rchb.f. Experimental design used factorial RAL, first factor was yeast extract with 3 treatments (0.5 g/L; 1 g/L; & 1.5 g/L). Second factor was pisang raja with 3 treatments (50 g/L; 100 g/L; & 150 g/L). The research was conducted using in vitro culture techniques, observations were made once a month by observing the plantlet morphological parameters. The medium used was Vacin-Went (VW) + combination of yeast and pisang raja extracts. Observation parameters were shoot height, shoot dry weight, leaf number, leaf diameter, leaf length, leaf dry weight, number of roots, root diameter, root length, root dry weight and shoot morphology. The analysis showed that pisang raja treatment 150 g/L + yeast extract 0.5 g/L was the best concentration for the growth parameters of Vanda hookeriana Rchbf. This research were succeeded in proving that the addition of organic components in tissue culture media gave better response to growth and development of the explants. Organic components helps the explants in physiological ways because of  the organic components contain potential compounds needed during the growth and development process.


Author(s):  
Eliška Kadlecová ◽  
Miroslav Baránek ◽  
Samuel Magnús ◽  
Filip Gazdík

Even though silicon is frequent compound in soil, its use in plant nutrient media is rare. Based on known physiological role and up to now performed studies it seems that silicon has a good potential to improve growth characteristics of in vitro cultivated plants. Before practical application, however, it is always necessary to assess the optimal conditions of application with regard to the fact that plant reactions to different chemicals added to nutritional media can vary on the species or even cultivar level. The presented study evaluate effects of potassium silicate used in in vitro cultivation media on growth parameters of Prunus persica × Prunus davidiana ‘Cadaman,‘ Prunus × amygdalopersica ‘GF 677‘ and Corylus avellana ‘Tonda di Giffoni‘ genotypes, which are frequently subject of commercial in vitro multiplication. In fact, four different concentrations of potassium silicate was added to the multiplication media, control medium was left silicon-free. Three different characteristics were observed during cultivation – number of new shoots per explant, weight of a new plant and length of new shoots, from which number of new shoots per explant was considered the most important factor. In all cases a positive effects of potassium silicate on the condition and other growth parameters of treated cultures were observed. In ‘Cadaman‘ culture significant growth changes appeared on media with 20 mg.l-1 potassium silicate, which can be recommended for future applications. For ‘GF 677‘ the best results were obtained on media with 2 mg.l-1 which can be recommended for improving condition and number of shoots on new plants. For hazelnut genotype ‘Tonda di Giffoni‘ best results were obtained on media with 10 mg.l-1 of potassium silicate, but also use of 5 mg.l-1 of potassium silicate significantly improved growth parameters. Generally, presented study provides important and practically useful insights into the practical use of silicon in cultivation media designated for commercial in vitro micropropagation.


Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1687
Author(s):  
Pharada Rangseekaew ◽  
Adoración Barros-Rodríguez ◽  
Wasu Pathom-aree ◽  
Maximino Manzanera

Soil salinity is an enormous problem affecting global agricultural productivity. Deep-sea actinobacteria are interesting due to their salt tolerance mechanisms. In the present study, we aim to determine the ability of deep-sea Dermacoccus (D. barathri MT2.1T and D. profundi MT2.2T) to promote tomato seedlings under 150 mM NaCl compared with the terrestrial strain D. nishinomiyaensis DSM20448T. All strains exhibit in vitro plant growth-promoting traits of indole-3-acetic acid production, phosphate solubilization, and siderophore production. Tomato seedlings inoculated with D. barathri MT2.1T showed higher growth parameters (shoot and root length, dry weight, and chlorophyll content) than non-inoculated tomato and the terrestrial strain under 150 mM NaCl. In addition, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in leaves of tomatoes inoculated with deep-sea Dermacoccus was lower than the control seedlings. This observation suggested that deep-sea Dermacoccus mitigated salt stress by reducing oxidative stress caused by hydrogen peroxide. D. barathri MT2.1T showed no harmful effects on Caenorhabditis elegans, Daphnia magna, Eisenia foetida, and Escherichia coli MC4100 in biosafety tests. This evidence suggests that D. barathri MT2.1T would be safe for use in the environment. Our results highlight the potential of deep-sea Dermacoccus as a plant growth promoter for tomatoes under salinity stress.


2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dang Giap Do ◽  
Thi Kim Thuy Dang ◽  
Thi Huyen Trang Nguyen ◽  
Thi Duoc Nguyen ◽  
Trong Tuan Tran ◽  
...  

Nano silver has positive effects on the growth and development of in vitro plants. In this study, shoots of in vitro banana with 1 cm in length were cut off the tip which was cultured in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 30 g.L-1 sucrose, 15% coconut water (v/v), 5 mg. L-1 6-Benzyladenine (BA), 8 g.L-1 agar and nano silver (1, 3, 5, 7 ppm). After twenty days cultured, shoots in the medium supplemented with 1 ppm nano silver have grown well with 8.4 times multiplication and total chlorophyll content (2.05 mg.g-1), three-fold higher than in the control experiment. All new shoot samples were cultivated in a new medium with same component and supplemented with 1 mg. L-1 active charcoal to study root formation. The results showed that the best medium for root development was the one with 3 ppm nano silver. In this treatment, the height of shoots, number of leaves, number of roots, root length, fresh weight, dry weight and total chlorophyll content were 2.90 cm, 4.40 leaves per explant, 7.10 roots per explant, 7.7 cm per explant, 1.47 g per explant, 0.136 g and 3.17 mg.g-1, respectively. In vitro healthy seedlings with equal size were grown in nurseries. Different concentrations of nano silver (5, 10, 15 ppm) were sprayed on once a week. After 30 days, the highest quality result was observed at concentration 5 ppm with shoot of 4.86 cm in length, 5.20 leaves per shoot, 4.60 roots per explant, root of 4.87 cm in length and 3.07 g per explant in fresh weight. Nano bạc có tác động tích cực lên quá trình sinh trưởng và phát triển của một số loài thực vật nuôi cấy in vitro. Trong nghiên cứu này, chồi non in vitro có chiều cao 1 cm đã cắt bỏ đỉnh được nuôi cấy trên môi trường MS có bổ sung 30 g/L đường, 15% nước dừa (v/v), 5 mg/L BA, 8 g/L agar và nano bạc ở nồng độ 1, 3, 5, 7 ppm. Sau 20 ngày nuôi cấy, mẫu cấy phát triển tốt trên môi trường bổ sung nano bạc nồng độ 1 ppm với hệ số nhân chồi 8,4 lần, hàm lượng chlorophyll tổng số đạt 2,05 mg/g, cao gấp ba lần so với mẫu đối chứng. Mẫu cấy được chuyền sang môi trường mới có thành phần tương tự và bổ sung thêm 1 mg/L than hoạt tính để khảo sát sự tạo rễ. Kết quả cho thấy mẫu cấy trên môi trường có nồng độ nano bạc 3 ppm phát triển tốt nhất với chiều cao cây 2,90 cm/mẫu; số lá 4,40/ mẫu; số rễ 7,10/ mẫu; chiều dài rễ 7,7 cm/mẫu; khối lượng tươi 1,47 g/mẫu, khối lượng khô 0,136 g/mẫu và hàm lượng chlorophyll tổng đạt 3,17 mg/g. Những cây con in vitro phát triển tốt được trồng ngoài vườn ươm. Các dung dịch nano bạc có nồng độ 5, 10, 15 ppm được dùng để phun lên cây 1 lần/ tuần. Sau 30 ngày, kết quả cao nhất ghi nhận ở dung dịch có nồng độ 5 ppm với chiều cao chồi đạt 4,86 cm, 5,20 lá/chồi, 4,60 rễ/mẫu, chiều dài rễ đạt 4,87 cm và khối lượng tươi đạt 3,07 g/mẫu.


Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1630
Author(s):  
Luca Regni ◽  
Maurizio Micheli ◽  
Alberto Marco Del Pino ◽  
Carlo Alberto Palmerini ◽  
Roberto D’Amato ◽  
...  

Selenium is an essential micronutrient that provides important benefits to plants and humans. At proper concentrations, selenium increases plant growth, pollen vitality, the shelf life of fresh products, and seems to improve stress resistance; these effects can certainly be attributed to its direct and indirect antioxidant capacity. For these reasons, in the present work, the effects of selenium at different dosages on in vitro cultivated olive explants were investigated to observe possible positive effects (in terms of growth and vigor) on the proliferation phase. The work was carried out on four different olive cultivars: “San Felice”, “Canino”, “Frantoio”, and “Moraiolo”. The explants were cultured in aseptic conditions on olive medium (OM), with the addition of 4 mg·L−1 of zeatin, 30 g·L−1 of sucrose, and 7 g·L−1 of agar. The experimental scheme included a comparison between explants grown with five different concentrations of Na2SeO4 (0, 10, 20, 40, and 80 mg L−1) added to the medium during three successive subcultures. Interesting information has emerged from the results and all varieties responded to different concentrations of Selenium. The optimal Se dosages varied for each cultivar, but in general, Se concentration between 10 and 40 mg L−1 increased fresh and dry weight of the explants and shoot lengths. Se treatment induced in all cultivars and for all dosages used an increase in total Se content in proliferated explants. Furthermore, as the subcultures proceeded, the ability of the explants to absorb Se did not diminish. The Se content ranged from 8.55 to 114.21 µg kg−1 plant DW in ‘Frantoio’, from 9.83 to 94.85 µg kg−1 plant DW in ‘Moraiolo’, from 19.84 to 114.21 µg kg−1 plant DW in ‘Canino’, and from 20.97 to 95.54 µg kg−1 plant DW in ‘San Felice’. In general, the effect of selenium tends to decrease with the progress of subcultures and this suggests a sort of “adaptation” effect of the explants to its presence. The present study highlights for the first time the possibility of using in vitro cultures as biotechnological support to study supplementation with selenium and its effects on in vitro olive plant growth.


2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Cássia Nascimento Pedroso ◽  
Núbia Angélica de Ávila Branquinho ◽  
Alessandra Cristina Boffino de Almeida Monteiro Hara ◽  
Fabiano Guimarães Silva ◽  
Luis Claudio Kellner Filho ◽  
...  

ABSTRACT: Hyptis marrubioides (Lamiaceae) is a medicinal plant that is native from Brazilian Cerrado. In vitro propagation techniques make use of elicitors to alter metabolic pathways, affecting how molecules are produced both qualitatively and quantitatively. This research aimed to evaluate how abiotic elicitors salicylic acid (SA) and silver nitrate (SN) at concentrations of 30µM or 60µM influence Hyptis marrubioides seedling growth by two different in vitro culture methods. The rutin content was quantified by HPLC-DAD. Compared to an untreated culture, the H. marrubioides methanolic extracts cultured in MS medium for 10 days followed by culture in MS medium containing SN (30µM) for 20 days had 1.28 times higher rutin content. In a second experiment, seedlings were cultured in MS medium for 20 days, and then the desired elicitor was added to the culture and allowed to remain in contact with the medium for three and six days. SA (30µM) gave the best results: rutin production was 16.56-foldhigher than the control after six days. SN (30µM) increased the rutin content by 1.17-fold. At the two concentrations evaluated during the elicitation experiments, neither SA nor SN altered the growth parameters shoot length, leaf number, and fresh and dry weight of H. marrubioides seedlings grown in vitro as compared to the control. Based on these results, the abiotic elicitors SA and SN successfully provide Hyptis marrubioides with increased rutin content in vitro.


Author(s):  
Hülya Akat

Climate change caused by global warming and the increase in consumption due to rapid population growth are threatened its existence by causes decrease of water from natural resources. Since most of the usable water in the World is evaluated in agriculture, the water needs of plants need to be met in the most accurate and economical way. In this context, super absorbent polymer (SAP) application is one of the methods that provide efficient and economical usage of water. In this research, different doses of super absorbent polymer SAP A200 [0% (control), 0.2%, 0.4% ve 0.6% v/v] applications were applied in conventional (soil) and growth media conditions [peat, perlite and peat:perlite (1:1) v/v]. It was aimed to determine the effects of SAP A200 doses on plant growth of Anatolian Sweetgum Tree (Liquidambar orientalis Mill.) and Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) species. The study was established with randomized plot design with 3 replications. In order to determine plant growth characteristics, plant height, stem diameter, root length, root thickness, fresh and dry weight values of roots and shoots were determined. For the two species used in the study, it was observed that all SAP doses had positive effects on plant growth parameters and the best results were obtained in 0.6 % SAP A200 application. It was determined that plant growth values were higher in all growth medias except soil and the best results were obtained in peat: perlite media.


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