scholarly journals Chilling Tolerance Improving of Watermelon Seedling by Salicylic Acid Seed and Foliar Application

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad SAYYARI ◽  
Fardin GHANBARI ◽  
Sajad FATAHI ◽  
Fatemeh BAVANDPOUR
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Electrolyte Leakage ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Chilling Stress ◽  
Chilling Injury ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Seed Soaking ◽  
Application Methods

Chilling temperatures lead to numerous physiological disturbances in the cells of chilling-sensitive plants and result in chilling injury and death of tropical and subtropical plants such as watermelon. In this study, the possibility of cold stress tolerance enhancing of watermelon seedling (Citrullus lanatus) by exogenous application of Salicylic acid (SA) was investigated. SA was applied through seed soaking or foliar spray at 0, 0.5, 1 and 1.5 mM concentration. After SA treatment, the seedlings were subjected to chilling 5 h/day at 4°C for 5 days. Statistical analysis showed significant effects of the application methods and SA concentrations on plant growth parameters, photosynthetic pigments, electrolyte leakage, proline and chilling injury index. SA application improved growth parameters and increased chlorophyll content of watermelon seedling subjected to chilling stress and provided significant protection against chilling stress compared to non-SA-treated seedlings. Although two SA application methods improved chilling stress tolerance, seed soaking method provided better protection compared to foliar spray method. SA ameliorated the injury caused by chilling stress via inhibiting proline accumulation and leaf electrolyte leakage. The highest cold tolerance was obtained with 0.5 mM SA application. Results indicate that SA could be used effectively to protect watermelon seedling from damaging effects of chilling stress at the early stages of growth.

Acetyl salicylic acid alleviates chilling-induced damage in muskmelon seedlings

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 581-585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmet Korkmaz ◽  
Murat Uzunlu ◽  
Ali Riza Demirkiran
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Cucumis Melo ◽  
Chilling Stress ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Acetyl Salicylic Acid ◽  
Signal Molecule ◽  
Stress Indicator ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Significant Difference

Salicylic acid (SA) is a common plant-produced signal molecule that is responsible for inducing tolerance to a number of biotic and abiotic stresses. An experiment was, therefore, conducted to test whether acetyl salicylic acid (ASA) application at various concentrations through seed immersion or foliar spray would protect muskmelon [Cucumis melo L. (Reticulatus Group)] seedlings subjected to chilling stress. Twenty-one-day-old plants pre-treated with ASA (0, 0.1, 0.25, 0.50 or 1.0 mM) were subjected to chilling stress for 72 h at 3 ± 0.5°C. ASA, applied either through seed immersion or foliar spray, was effective within the range of 0.1 to 1 mM in inducing tolerance to chilling stress in muskmelon seedlings; however, there was no significant difference between application methods. ASA significantly and curvilinearly affected all seedling growth and stress indicator variables tested except shoot dry weight. The best protection was obtained from seedlings pre-treated with 0.5 mM ASA. The highest ASA concentration used was slightly less effective in providing chilling stress protection. Even though both methods provided similar means of protection, due to its simplicity and practicality, immersion of muskmelon seeds prior to sowing in 0.5 mM ASA would be a more desirable method to induce tolerance to chilling stress. Key words: Cucumis melo, aspirin, chilling stress tolerance, gas exchange, electrolyte leakage

scholarly journals Comparative Response of Huanglongbing-Affected Sweet Orange Trees to Nitrogen and Zinc Fertilization under Microsprinkler Irrigation

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 489
Author(s):  
Qudus O. Uthman ◽  
Davie M. Kadyampakeni ◽  
Peter Nkedi-Kizza ◽  
Neriman T. Barlas ◽  
Alisheikh A. Atta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foliar Application ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Soil Application ◽  
Zn Concentration ◽  
Canopy Volume ◽  
Application Methods ◽  
N Rates

Nitrogen and micronutrients have a key role in many citrus plant enzyme reactions. Although enough micronutrients may be present in the soil, deficiency can develop due to soil depletion or the formation of insoluble compounds. The objectives of this study were to (1) determine the adsorption, distribution, and availability of Zn in a sandy soil; (2) compare the effectiveness of foliar and soil application methods of Zn on Huanglongbing [HLB] affected trees; (3) compare foliar application rates of Zn for HLB-affected trees; (4) determine the effect of N rates on yield, soil inorganic N distribution patterns, and tree growth parameters. Tree rows were supplied with three N rates of 168, 224 and 280 kg·N·ha−1 and Zn at single and double recommended rates (recommended rate = 5.6 kg·Zn·ha−1) using foliar and soil application methods, in a split-plot experimental design. The results show that Zn concentration in the 0–15 cm soil depth was three times higher than the 30–45 and 45–60 cm soil depths during the study. An adsorption study revealed high Zn (KD = 6.5) sorption coefficients at 0–15 cm soil depth, while 30–45 and 45–60 cm depths showed little sorption. Leaf Zn concentration for foliar spray was two times higher than the soil application method. A nitrogen level of 224 kg N ha−1 improved canopy volume when compared to other N levels at the expense of reduced fruit weight. Foliar Zn application at 5.6 or 11.2 kg ha−1 and N rate at 224 kg ha−1 appear to be adequate for improving the performance of HLB-affected citrus trees.

scholarly journals Inhibition of Catalase by Antisense RNA Increases Susceptibility to Oxidative Stress and Chilling Injury in Transgenic Tomato Plants

1999 ◽  
Vol 124 (4) ◽  
pp. 330-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanogwan Kerdnaimongkol ◽  
William R. Woodson
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Catalase Activity ◽  
Chilling Stress ◽  
Chilling Injury ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Transgenic Tomato ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Leaf Extracts

Transgenic tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. `Ohio 8245') expressing an antisense catalase gene (ASTOMCAT1) were used to test the hypothesis that modification of the reactive oxygen species scavenging mechanism in plants can lead to changes in oxidative stress tolerance. A 2- to 8-fold reduction in total catalase activity was detected in the leaf extracts of transformants. A 2-fold increase in levels of H2O2 was observed in the transgenic plants with reduced catalase activity. Electrophoretic characterization of multiple catalase isoforms revealed the specific suppression of CAT1 in transgenic plants. Homozygous plants carrying the antisense catalase transgene were used to study the effect of alteration in the expression of catalase on stress tolerance. Transgenic plants treated with 3% H2O2 showed visible damage within 24 hours and subsequently died. In contrast, wild-type and azygous control plants recovered from the treatment. Transgenic plants did not survive 4 °C chilling stress compared to control wild-type and azygous lines. Physiological analysis of these plants indicated that suppression of catalase activity in transgenic tomato led to enhanced sensitivity to oxidative stress. Our data support a role for catalase in oxidative stress defense system in tomato.

Response of sowing dates and bio regulators on yield of clusterbean under current climate in alley cropping system in eastern U.P., India

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hemraj Meena ◽  
Ram Swaroop Meena ◽  
Rattan Lal ◽  
Gulab Singh Yadav ◽  
Tarik Mitran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Alley Cropping ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Late Sowing

The impacts on yields of cluster bean were assessed for normal (15 July) and late (30 July) sowing environments and foliar spray of thiourea (500, 1000 ppm) and salicylic acid (50, 100 ppm) at 45 and 60 days after sowing (DAS).Significantly higher yield parameters, yield, economics, protein content and nutrient uptake were recorded with foliar spray of thiourea at 500 ppm as compared to all other bio regulator sprays. Similarly, spray of salicylic acid at 100 ppm enhanced yield and other growth parameters which were statistically at par with those for thiourea 500 ppm foliar spray at 45 and 60 DAS. The data show that the foliar application of bio regulators at normal sowing date enhances seed yield of clusterbean by improving the physiological processes. The interaction effects were significant between the sowing date and bio-regulators on the seed yield. The highest seed yield of 993 and 845 kg/ha was obtained with foliar spray of thiourea at 500 ppm in normal and late sowing, respectively, while the lowest yield of 775 and 769 kg/ha was obtained for the water spray control in normal and late sowing, respectively.

Impact of Salicylic Acid on the Antioxidant Enzyme System and Hydrogen Peroxide Production in Cucumis sativus under Chilling Stress

2011 ◽  
Vol 66 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 413-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan-Ping Zhang ◽  
Biao Jiang ◽  
Li-Na Lou ◽  
Ming-Hui Lu ◽  
Min Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Cucumis Sativus ◽  
Electrolyte Leakage ◽  
Chilling Stress ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
H2o2 Production ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme System ◽  
Mda Content

Salicylic acid (SA) is a naturally produced compound and has been implicated to play important roles in defense of plants against diverse biotic and abiotic stresses. To understand how SA functions in the tolerance of cucumber (Cucumis sativus) to chilling stress, endogenous SA levels in two different cultivars with opposite chilling responsiveness were quantified. Membrane integrity, including malondialdehyde (MDA) content and leakage of electrolyte, was also examined in SA-pretreated cucumber plants under chilling conditions. In addition, activities of the two antioxidant enzymes peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) were quantified, and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production was investigated histochemically in SA-treated leaves under chilling temperature. Chilling stress resulted in greater induction of SA levels in the chilling-tolerant cultivar Changchun mici in both leaves and seeds compared to the chilling-sensitive one Beijing jietou, while the former one contained higher levels of SA than the latter one in the seeds under normal conditions. Pretreatment with SA diminished the increased electrolyte leakage and MDA content caused by chilling in the leaves of both cultivars, while much less MDA and electrolyte leakage were produced in Changchun mici compared to Beijing jietou. Moreover, exogenous application of SA increased significantly the POD and CAT activities and soluble protein content. Most importantly, exogenous SA treatment could eliminate the accumulation of H2O2 in leaves and cotyledons of both cultivars caused by chilling stress. The data clearly demonstrated that the chilling-tolerant cultivar displays a higher SA level than the chilling-sensitive one, and that exogenous SA can enhance the chilling tolerance ability, which might be achieved through modulating the antioxidant system in cucumber.

scholarly journals Treatment of Sweet Pepper with Stress Tolerance-Inducing Compounds Alleviates Salinity Stress Oxidative Damage by Mediating the Physio-Biochemical Activities and Antioxidant Systems

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaled A. Abdelaal ◽  
Lamiaa M. EL-Maghraby ◽  
Hosam Elansary ◽  
Yaser M. Hafez ◽  
Eid I. Ibrahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Yeast Extract ◽  
Electrolyte Leakage ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Stress Oxidative ◽  
Proline Concentration

Salinity stress occurs due to the accumulation of high levels of salts in soil, which ultimately leads to the impairment of plant growth and crop loss. Stress tolerance-inducing compounds have a remarkable ability to improve growth and minimize the effects of salinity stress without negatively affecting the environment by controlling the physiological and molecular activities in plants. Two pot experiments were carried out in 2017 and 2018 to study the influence of salicylic acid (1 mM), yeast extract (6 g L−1), and proline (10 mM) on the physiological and biochemical parameters of sweet pepper plants under saline conditions (2000 and 4000 ppm). The results showed that salt stress led to decreasing the chlorophyll content, relative water content, and fruit yields, whereas electrolyte leakage, malondialdehyde (MDA), proline concentration, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the activities of antioxidant enzymes increased in salt-stressed plants. The application of salicylic acid (1 mM), yeast extract (6 g L−1), and proline (10 mM) markedly improved the physiological characteristics and fruit yields of salt-stressed plants compared with untreated stressed plants. A significant reduction in electrolyte leakage, MDA, and ROS was also recorded for all treatments. In conclusion, our results reveal the important role of proline, SA, and yeast extracts in enhancing sweet pepper growth and tolerance to salinity stress via modulation of the physiological parameters and antioxidants machinery. Interestingly, proline proved to be the best treatment.

Investigating the effect of oxalic acid and salicylic acid treatments on the post-harvest life of temperate grown apricot varieties (Prunus armeniaca) during controlled atmosphere storage

2021 ◽  
pp. 108201322110320
Author(s):  
Mariya Batool ◽  
Omar Bashir ◽  
Tawheed Amin ◽  
Sajad Mohd Wani ◽  
FA Masoodi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Chilling Injury ◽  
Quality Attributes ◽  
Prunus Armeniaca ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Controlled Atmosphere ◽  
Injury Index

This study aimed at investigating the influence of different postharvest treatments with oxalic acid (OA) and salicylic acid (SA) on quality attributes and postharvest shelf life of temperate grown apricot varieties stored under controlled atmosphere (CA) storage conditions. After each treatment was given, the samples were stored in CA store maintained at a temperature of 0 °C, 90 ± 5% relative humidity, 5% oxygen and 15% carbon dioxide for 30 days. Results indicated that both OA and SA treatments significantly (p ≤ 0.05) retained total soluble solids, titratable acidity, color profile, ascorbic acid content and total phenolic content of apricot varieties and had a positive effect on antioxidant activity and texture of samples compared to control. However, carotenoid content was found to be higher in control. Both the treatments reduced chilling injury index, weight loss and decay percentage of samples. Moreover, it was found that SA treatment was the most effective treatment in maintaining visual color of apricots while OA maintained fruit firmness and effectively decreased the decay percentage and chilling injury index of apricot varieties. In conclusion, it was found that both OA and SA have the potential to extend storage life of apricots and maintain quality attributes of the crop during CA storage.

scholarly journals Promotion of Growth and Physiological Characteristics in Water-Stressed Triticum aestivum in Relation to Foliar-Application of Salicylic Acid

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1316
Author(s):  
Abida Parveen ◽  
Muhammad Arslan Ashraf ◽  
Iqbal Hussain ◽  
Shagufta Perveen ◽  
Rizwan Rasheed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Available Water ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Growth Attributes

The present work reports the assessment of the effectiveness of a foliar-spray of salicylic acid (SA) on growth attributes, biochemical characteristics, antioxidant activities and osmolytes accumulation in wheat grown under control (100% field capacity) and water stressed (60% field capacity) conditions. The total available water (TAW), calculated for a rooting depth of 1.65 m was 8.45 inches and readily available water (RAW), considering a depletion factor of 0.55, was 4.65 inches. The water contents corresponding to 100 and 60% field capacity were 5.70 and 1.66 inches, respectively. For this purpose, seeds of two wheat cultivars (Fsd-2008 and S-24) were grown in pots subjected to water stress. Water stress at 60% field capacity markedly reduced the growth attributes, photosynthetic pigments, total soluble proteins (TSP) and total phenolic contents (TPC) compared with control. However, cv. Fsd-2008 was recorded as strongly drought-tolerant and performed better compared to cv. S-24, which was moderately drought tolerant. However, water stress enhanced the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and membrane electrolyte leakage (EL) and modulated the activities of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT), as well as accumulation of ascorbic acid (AsA), proline (Pro) and glycine betaine (GB) contents. Foliar-spray with salicylic acid (SA; 0, 3 mM and 6 mM) effectively mitigated the adverse effects of water stress on both cultivars. SA application at 6 mM enhanced the shoot and root length, as well as their fresh and dry weights, and improved photosynthetic pigments. SA foliage application further enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, POD, and CAT) and nonenzymatic antioxidants such as ascorbic acid and phenolics contents. However, foliar-spray of SA reduced MDA, H2O2 and membrane permeability in both cultivars under stress conditions. The results of the present study suggest that foliar-spray of salicylic acid was effective in increasing the tolerance of wheat plants under drought stress in terms of growth attributes, antioxidant defense mechanisms, accumulation of osmolytes, and by reducing membrane lipid peroxidation.

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