scholarly journals Dietary lutein supplementation on diet digestibility and blood parameters of dogs

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (12) ◽  
pp. 2195-2201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laís Guimarães Alarça ◽  
Fabiane Yukiko Murakami ◽  
Ananda Portella Félix ◽  
Everton Luis Krabbe ◽  
Simone Gisele de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymphocyte Proliferation ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Proliferation Index ◽  
Total Lymphocyte ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Cd8 T Lymphocyte ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
In The Beginning

ABSTRACT: The objective of the present study was to evaluate the digestibility and the immunomodulatory effects of diets supplemented with lutein in dogs. Sixteen adult dogs were distributed in two groups (control and test) in a completely randomized design. Dogs were fed for 120 days with iso-nutritive diets, which only difference was the inclusion of 45g lutein/kg in the diet fed to the test group. Blood samples were collected in the beginning and at the end of the experimental period to evaluate total lymphocyte, lymphocyte proliferation index, and CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocyte counts. In order to evaluate apparent diet digestibility, dogs were housed in metabolic cages for ten days (five days of adaptation and five for faeces total collection). Coefficients of total tract apparent digestibility were not different between dogs in the control and the lutein-fed groups. Lutein dietary supplementation did not influence total lymphocyte or lymphocyte proliferation index, but resulted in higher CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocyte numbers. Lutein supplementation did not affect diet digestibility or lymphocyte proliferation index in dogs. However, it increases the concentrations of CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocyte subtypes.

scholarly journals Effect of aflatoxin B1 on digestibility and blood parameters in horses

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Auro Braga ◽  
Fernando Queiroz de Almeida ◽  
Vinicius Pimentel Silva ◽  
Kelly Moura Keller ◽  
Marina Prado Maciel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Adaptation Period ◽  
Blood Cell Count ◽  
Collection Method ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

The aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of mycotoxins on the digestion of nutrients and on the hematological profile of horses. Twelve horses were used in a completely randomized design, with three treatments and four replicates. Aliquots of 50 or 100 µg kg-1 of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) were added to a basal diet naturally containing mycotoxins. The basal diet did not contain AFB1. The 40-day evaluation included a 12-day adaptation period and a 28-day experimental period. A digestion test was carried out at the end of the experimental period, using the partial stool collection method, using LIPE® as an indicator. Blood samples were collected once a week during 4 weeks of the essay for hematological and biochemical evaluations. The amounts of mycotoxins added did not influence the intake and digestibility of the nutrients (P>0.05). The aflatoxins in the diet influenced the white blood cell count, especially mature neutrophils and the creatine kinase and alkaline phosphatase (P <0.05), which had higher activity in horses fed diets with greater toxicity.  

Haematological and serum biochemical indices of growing rabbits fed graded levels of Yam peel meal as replacement for maize

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 167-175
Author(s):  
I. B. Amaza ◽  
A. Maidala ◽  
C. E. Isidahomen
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Blood Chemistry ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Serum Biochemical ◽  
Inclusion Level ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Biochemical Indices ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Haematological and serum biochemical parameters are indicators of physiological, nutritional and pathological status of animals. Investigation of these parameters provide information for diagnostic purposes. The study was conducted to determine the influence of feeding graded levels of yam peel meal (YPM) as a replacement for maize on haematology; blood chemistry was evaluated in rabbits. Thirty- six (New Zealand white X Chinchilla) were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments in a completely randomized design with nine rabbits per treatment. The rabbits were fed diets containing 0, 12.5, 25 and 37.5% of Yam peel meal (YPM) as a replacement for maize, designated as T1, T2, T3 and T4, respectively. The experimental diets and clean drinking water were supplied ad libitum throughout the experimental period of nine weeks. At the end of the feeding trial, three rabbits per treatment were randomly selected for hematological and serum biochemical analysis. All the haematological and serum biochemical indices except AST were affected (P<0.05) by dietary inclusion of YPM. Although most of the parameters investigated were affected by rabbits fed test ingredient, the values fell within the normal literature reference values for rabbits. It can therefore be concluded that up to 37.5% inclusion level of YPM can be fed to growing rabbits without deleterious effects on health status.

PSVII-14 Feeding carbohydrases to grazing beef cattle under different nutritional strategies on dry season: Ruminal fermentation

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 449-450
Author(s):  
Anderson Acosta ◽  
Guilherme S Vasconcellos ◽  
Alexandre Perdigão ◽  
Victor Valério de Carvalho ◽  
Tiago S Acedo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Beta Glucanase ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Nutritional Strategy ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Nutritional Strategies

Abstract The aim with this trial was to evaluate two nutritional plans with the addition of carbohydrases enzyme blend (CEB) on ruminal fermentation of grazing Nellore bulls in dry season. Five rumen cannulated Nellore steers (BW = 350 kg) were used. Animals were randomly assigned to a treatment sequence in a 5×5 Latin square experiment with 15 d-periods (10 d to diet adaptation and 5 d for data collection), following a completely randomized design, being the treatments: mineral-proteic supplementation (Fosbovi® Proteico 35; PS) offered at 0,1% BW (0 or 4.75 g/animal/day of CEB) or mineral-protein-energetic supplementation (Fosbovi® Proteico-Energético 25; PES) offered at 0.3% BW (0, 4.75 or 9.50 g/animal/day of CEB). The CEB was mainly composed by beta-glucanase and xylanase enzymes (Ronozyme® VP and Ronozyme® WX). Both enzymes and supplements were provided by DSM Nutritional Products Brasil S.A. Rumen fluid samples were collected on the last day of each experimental period before (0), and 2, 4, 6, and 8 h after supplements were offered. Data were analyzed using PROC MIXED of SAS. Steers fed PSE had greater (P ≤ 0.041) rumen concentration of acetate, propionate, and butyrate, and lower (P = 0.028) acetate to propionate ratio in comparison with animals fed PS. Rumen acetate concentrations were 61.6 and 58.8 mmol/L and rumen propionate concentrations were 15.2 and 13.7 mmol/L for animals under the PSE and PS, respectively. A quadratic effect (P = 0.048) for carbohydrases enzyme blend was observed in NH3-N ruminal concentration of PES animals, where 4.75 g/day level presented the lower concentrations compared to control (24.13 vs. 32.20 mg/dL). Furthermore, rumen concentrations of acetate (P = 0.002) and propionate (P = 0.021) linearly increased with enzymes inclusion for PSE plan. PSE nutritional strategy positively influence ruminal fermentation of Nellore steers in dry season and its effects can be enhanced with CEB inclusion of 4.75 g/day.

scholarly journals Initial Development of Eucalyptus According to Different Desiccation Periods of Signalgrass

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. GRAAT ◽  
A.L. BACHA ◽  
M.P. NEPOMUCENO ◽  
P.L.C.A. ALVES
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Urochloa Decumbens ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Red Latosol ◽  
Eucalyptus Urograndis ◽  
Herbicide Glyphosate

ABSTRACT: This study aimed at evaluating the effects of different desiccation periods of Urochloa decumbens on the initial development of Eucalyptus urograndis (clone C-219H). The experiment was conducted in 100 liter concrete boxes, previously filled with Dark-Red Latosol. U. decumbens was sown in all plots, except for the control sample without covering. After 95 days from sowing, the herbicide glyphosate (dose of 1,424 g a.e. ha-1) was sprayed at intervals of 0 (Apply-Plant), 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 days before eucalyptus planting, plus a control sample without covering, totaling seven treatments. A completely randomized design with six replications was used. Eucalyptus plants were evaluated 30, 60 and 90 days after planting (DAP), when the height of the plants and the diameter of the stem were determined. At the end of the experimental period (90 DAP), the leaf area and the dry matter of leaves and stem were measured. It is possible to conclude that the Apply-Plant modality was harmful to some of the eucalyptus characteristics (E. urograndis - C-219H), while planting the seedlings in periods over 14 days after the desiccation of U. decumbens plants promoted a better development of the culture.

scholarly journals Effect of prey concentrations and salinized water on initial development of Pyrrhulina brevis (Steindachner, 1876), an Amazonian ornamental fish

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. e381985582
Author(s):  
Leonnan Carlos Carvalho de Oliveira ◽  
Elviro dos Anjos Silva Neto ◽  
Arlindo dos Santos Pinheiro Junuior ◽  
Bruno José Corecha Fernandes Eiras ◽  
Galileu Crovatto Veras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Period ◽  
Ornamental Fish ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Lower Survival Rate ◽  
Artemia Nauplii ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Final Length ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Length Gain

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different prey concentrations (50; 100; 150 and 200 artemia nauplii post-larvae-1 day-1) and salinized water (0; 1 and 2 g L-1) on larviculture of Pyrrhulina brevis, an Amazonian ornamental fish. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design, in a 4x3 factorial design, with three replicates. A total of 360 post-larvae were randomly distributed in 36 aquariums (1L), to 10 post-larvae L-1. At the end of the experimental period (15 days) the post-larvae were measured, weighed and counted. No interaction was identified between the prey concentrations and salinized water for all evaluated parameters. The best growth results, both for length and weight, were observed in the post-larvae that received 150 and 200 artemia nauplii post-larvae-1 day-1, while the lower survival rate was observed in post-larvae fed 50 and 100 artemia nauplii post-larvae-1 day-1. The final length and length gain were higher when the post-larvae were reared in salinized water at 1 and 2 g L-1, while the final weight, weight gain and specific growth rate were higher in post-larvae submitted to 1 g L-1 of salinized water. The uniformity of the batch for weight and length of the fish showed no significant difference, independent of the prey concentrations and salinized water used. Thus, the supply of 150 artemia nauplii post-larvae-1 day-1 in salinized water at 1 g L-1 is recommended during the first fed of Pyrrhulina brevis.

scholarly journals Horses fed meal contaminated with mycotoxins performing short-term exercises

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (9) ◽  
pp. 717-725
Author(s):  
Auro César Braga ◽  
Fernando Q. Almeida ◽  
Vinicius P. Silva ◽  
Maria I.V. Almeida ◽  
Kelly M. Keller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Test ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Serum Biochemistry ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Hematological And Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Experimental Stage

ABSTRACT: This research was carried out to evaluate the effect of mycotoxins on the performance of horses through physiological parameters, and hematology and serum biochemistry analyses. The essay lasted 40 days, with 12 days for adaptation and 28 days of experimentation. In the experimental stage, the horses were distributed in a completely randomized design, with three treatments with four animals each. The treatments used were 0 (control), 50 ppb and 100 ppb of Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) added to a concentrate in a basal diet. The basal diet contained mycotoxins from feedstuffs naturally contaminated. The exercise test was performed over the 21th day of the experimental stage. The exercise consisted in an interval training test with a warm-up of 17 mins at a trot followed by three gallops of 450m/min. The heart rate was monitored between the gallops. Before the exercise test and immediately after the third gallop, the physiological and blood parameters were evaluated, and continued up to 48 hours after the exercise. The results of the physiological, hematological and biochemical parameters were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and compared by the Tukey test at 5% of significance. The presence of AFB1 in the diet influenced the alkaline phosphatase activity, which presented higher values in horses fed diet with inclusion of 100 ppb AFB1, suggesting a hepatotoxic activity associated with the others mycotoxins naturally present in the feedstuffs.

scholarly journals Use of different combinations of enzyme complexes in broiler diets

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 2903-2924
Author(s):  
Lindolfo Dorcino dos Santos Neto ◽  
◽  
Julyana Machado da Silva Martins ◽  
Genilson Bezerra de Carvalho ◽  
Roberto Moraes Jardim Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Basal Diet ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Enzyme Complex ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Final Weight ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Enzyme Complexes

Two experiments were carried out to investigate the effect of “on top” addition of different enzyme complexes, the enzyme α-galactosidase and three sources of the enzyme phytase available on the market, in broiler diets. In the first experiment, 1260 one-day-old Cobb 500® chicks were distributed into seven treatments in a completely randomized design (CRD) with six replicates and 30 birds/replicate. Treatments consisted of combinations of different enzyme complexes, namely, complex A (phytase, protease, xylanase, ß-glucanase, cellulase, amylase, pectinase), complex B (protease and cellulase) and complex C (xylanase, amylase and protease); isolated α-galactosidase (GAL); and three sources of phytase (P1, P2 and P3) in the diet. The treatments were formulated as follows: T1 - basal diet (BD); T2 - BD + enzyme complex A + enzyme complex B (BDAB); T3 - BDAB + GAL; T4 - BD + complex A + GAL; T5 - BD + complex C + P1 + GAL (BDCG); T6 - BDCG + P2; and T7 - BDCG + P3. The following variables were measured in the experimental period of 42 days: feed intake (FI), weight gain (WG), average final weight (AFW), feed conversion (FC), and carcass yield. Significant differences occurred for AFW, WG and FC in the pre-starter phase. In the second experiment, 112 Cobb 500® chicks aged 25 days were distributed into seven treatments in a CRD with four replicates and four birds/replicate. Treatments were the same as in the first experiment. Nutrient digestibility was evaluated in an experimental period of seven days. Differences were found in the metabolism coefficient of ether extract (MCEE). Dietary inclusion of enzyme complexes improves the AFW and WG of chickens from 1 to 7 days of age and MCEE in the grower phase.

Enzyme complex addition in barley or rye broiler diets with two energy levels fed from 1 to 21 days

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Caio Henrique Pereira de Souza ◽  
Márcia Izumi Sakamoto ◽  
Paulo Cesar Pozza ◽  
Tatiana Carlesso dos Santos ◽  
Humberto Marques Lipori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Levels ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Enzyme Complex ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Apparent Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate diet digestibility, performance, digestive parameters, and blood parameters when an enzyme complex (EC) was used in barley- and rye-based diets with different energy levels. In the digestibility assay (exp. I), 108 seventeen-day-old Cobb male broilers were distributed in a completely randomized design in 2 × 2 × 2 + 1 factorial arrangement with two feeds (barley or rye), two EC levels (0% and 0.02%), and two energy levels [3025 and 3125 kcal apparent metabolizable energy (AME)·kg−1], plus a control treatment. In exp. II, 1080 one-day-old Cobb male broilers were distributed in a completely randomized design in 2 × 2 × 2 + 1 factorial arrangement with two feeds (barley or rye), two EC levels (0% and 0.02%), and two energy levels (2875 and 2975 kcal AME·kg−1). No interactions were observed for any variables (exp. I and II). Enzyme complex improved the apparent metabolizable coefficient of gross energy (P = 0.0432) of diets. The EC provided greater weight gain (P = 0.0003) and better feed conversion (P = 0.0025). Intestinal viscosity at 21 d was reduced (P < 0.0001) with the addition of the EC. The EC improved nutrient digestibility and performance, but the effects of energy reduction on performance could not be overcome.

scholarly journals PSIII-31 Effects of associative use of additives on performance, carcass characteristics and serum D-lactate in Nellore x Angus young bulls

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 257-257
Author(s):  
Marcio M Ladeira ◽  
Jose Maria Oliveira Junior ◽  
Daniel Casagrande ◽  
Priscilla Teixeira ◽  
Bruno Homem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Time Interaction ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Zinc Bacitracin ◽  
Period Performance ◽  
Average Body

Abstract The objective was to evaluate the effects of including virginiamycin or bacitracin in diets containing monensin or monensin plus virginiamycin and bacitracin on growth performance and carcass characteristics of feedlot young bulls. Seventy-two young bulls, with an initial average body of 417 ± 38.7kg were allotted in a completely randomized design. The bulls were placed in 18 pens (four animals per pen), with three treatments and six experimental replicates. The diets consisted of 85% concentrate and 15% of corn silage, with 11.4% CP, 75.7% TDN and 18.4% NDF. The treatments were: MON, 25 ppm of monensin in the diet; MONB: monensin plus 8.75 ppm of zinc bacitracin; and MONVM monensin plus 25 ppm of virginiamycin. Feedlot had 109d, with 27d of adaptation and 82d of experimental period. Performance was measured by daily intake records and weighing at the beginning and end of the feedlot. After feedlot, animals were slaughtered to measure carcass traits. Serum D-lactate was collected on day 7 and 43 of the experimental period. There was no significant effect of the additives on performance and most of the carcass traits (Table 1). However, young bulls receiving MONVM tended to have greater LM area. On the other hand, MON diet tended to increase marbling. Finally, there was a tendency for treatment x time interaction (P &lt; 0.08) in the serum concentration of D-lactate. Bulls receiving MON had greater concentration on day 7 (109.5 µmol.µL-1), compared to other groups (66.7 and 89.9 µmol.µL-1 for MONB and MONVM, respectively). There was no effect of additives in the D-lactate content on day 43, being the treatments average 83.5 µmol.µL-1. In conclusion, the use of monensin and their association with virginiamycin or bacitracin did not affect performance but tend to influence carcass traits and serum D-lactate. Funded by Agroceres, Fapemig, CAPES, and CNPq.

scholarly journals Performance of crossbred dairy Friesian calves fed two levels ofSaccharomyces cerevisiae: intake, digestion, ruminal fermentation, blood parameters and faecal pathogenic bacteria

2016 ◽  
Vol 154 (8) ◽  
pp. 1488-1498 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. HASSAN ◽  
A. Z. M. SALEM ◽  
A. E. KHOLIF ◽  
M. SAMIR ◽  
M. H. YACOUT ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Calf Performance ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Effect Of Feeding

SUMMARYThe effect of feeding two levels ofSaccharomyces cerevisiaeon the performance of crossbred Friesian calves was investigated. Twenty-four neonatal male Friesian × Baladi calves (35·5 ± 0·25 kg of initial body weight) were randomly assigned in a completely randomized design into three experimental groups for 90 days (eight calves per group). Calves fed their diets without yeast (S. cerevisiae) were considered as Control, while the diets of other calves were supplemented daily either with 2·5 g (YL diet) or with 5 g (YH diet) of yeast per calf. Calves fed the YH diet showed increased feed intake, while dry matter and fibre digestibilities were increased in calves fed YH and YL diets. Calves fed YL and YH diets showed lower ruminal ammonia-N and higher total volatile fatty acids, acetate and propionate concentrations than Control calves. Both YH and YL calves showed increased plasma concentrations of total protein, globulin and glucose and decreased cholesterol and triglycerides concentrations. Calves’ final weight and daily gain were increased withS. cerevisiaeyeast supplemented diets. After 42 days of experiment,Clostridiumspp.,Escherichia coliandEnterobacteriaspp. counts were down to undetectable levels in the faeces of calves fedS. cerevisiaeadditive. It could be concluded that addingS. cerevisiaeto milk-fed calves increased feed utilization and improved pre-weaned calf performance and health status, reducing faecal pathogenic bacteria.

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