scholarly journals Antimicrobial activity of essential oils against Pasteurella spp. isolated from the oral cavity of domestic cats

2022 ◽  
Vol 52 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Valéria Maria Lara Carregaro ◽  
Natália Bertini Contieri ◽  
Camila Aparecida Cruz dos Reis ◽  
Mariel Dalmédico Policano ◽  
Silvana Marina Piccoli Pugine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Minimum Bactericidal Concentration ◽  
Oral Disease ◽  
Oral Microbiota ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Oral Infections ◽  
Tea Tree ◽  
Antimicrobial Effectiveness

ABSTRACT: Pasteurella spp. have been identified predominantly in the oral microbiota of domestic cats. However, Pasteurella spp. was significantly more prevalent in cats with inflammatory oral disease; and consequently, it was considered as part of the etiology in this disease. In addition, in animals, Pasteurella spp. have become increasingly resistant to a large number of antimicrobials. Natural products, especially essential oils, could contribute to minimizing this issue. This study determined the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of six essential oils against Pasteurella spp. isolates from the oral cavity of domestic cats. Our results showed that essential oils with better antimicrobial effectiveness against most of the Pasteurella isolates were lemongrass, tea tree and clove, with inhibition values between 50 to 800 µg mL-1. All essential oils showed bacteriostatic activity against the species of Pasteurella isolated from the domestic cats. These results suggested that lemongrass, tea tree and clove oils have potential to be used in products for oral hygiene and treatment of oral infections in domestic cats.

scholarly journals Extraction, Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of the Essential Oils of Pipilongo (Piper Tuberculatum)Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 45-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime Restrepo Osorio ◽  
Ana Julia Colmenares Dulcey ◽  
Luis E. Mora ◽  
Rubén Albeiro Sánchez Andica
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Supercritical Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Minimum Bactericidal Concentration ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Chemical Composition Analysis ◽  
Supercritical Carbon

Essential oils from pipilongo seeds (Piper tuberculatum) was extracted using supercritical carbon dioxide. The extraction was performed as a function of particle size of the grinded seeds. The highest yield (2,812%) was obtained with the smallest particle size. The chemical composition analysis  of  the  oil  by  GC-MS  led  to  identify  15  compounds,  some  of  which  are  β-elemene, caryophyllene, β-farnesene, neophytadiene and piperine among others. The microbicide activity of the essential oil was determined by Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) assays, showing that the growth of the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis was inhibited, and hence with a possible microbicidal effect, whereas for pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella typhimurium showed no effect on their growth.

scholarly journals Terpenoid components, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of essential oils from fresh immature and mature leaves of Blumea balsamifera, extracted with different hydrodistillation periods

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sirinapha Jirakitticharoen ◽  
Wudtichai Wisuitiprot ◽  
Pongphen Jitareerat ◽  
Chalermchai Wongs-Aree
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Minimum Bactericidal Concentration ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Mature Leaves ◽  
Antioxidant Capacities

AbstractVolatiles and antioxidant capacities in essential oils (EOs) from fresh immature and mature leaves of Blumea balsamifera, extracted with different extraction periods of hydrodistillation, were investigated. There were seven major terpenoid compounds in the leaf extracts, including 2 monoterpenes of camphor and L-borneol, and 5 sesquiterpenes of silphiperfol-5-ene, 7-epi-silphiperfol-5-ene, ß-caryophyllene, ɤ-eudesmol, and α-eudesmol. Different hydrodistillation periods resulted in different quantitates and compositions of the terpenoids in EOs. The yield of EOs from the immature leaves was 1.4 times higher than the mature ones, whereas 73% of the yield was collected from the first 6 h of hydrodistillation. Camphor and L-borneol were almost collected in the first 6 h, while ß-caryophyllene, silphiperfolene, and 7-epi-silphiperfolene were above 80%, but ɤ-eudesmol and α-eudesmol were only 32 and 54% released. ß-Caryophyllene, ɤ-eudesmol, and α-eudesmol were found higher in the mature leaf EOs. Antioxidant capacities in EOs were positively related to terpenoid contents. Antibacterial activity of EOs from the immature leaves was subsequently tested. Although EOs from the hydrodistillation period of 12-18 h contained fewer terpenoid compositions, it showed the same minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) on Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, compared to 0-6 h EOs.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity of Cymbopogon citratus Essential Oil Alone and in Combination with Origanum majorana and Caryophyllus aromaticus Essential Oils against Some Foodborne Bacteria

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-67
Author(s):  
Razieh Partovi ◽  
Fazele Talebi ◽  
Zahra Boluki ◽  
Aghil Sharifzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Minimum Bactericidal Concentration ◽  
Cymbopogon Citratus ◽  
Foodborne Bacteria ◽  
Origanum Majorana ◽  
Time Kill

Background: Food spoilage and foodborne diseases are two important problems in the food industry. On the other hand, consumers’ tendency to use natural additives is increasing. Hence, plant essential oils (EOs) can be safe alternatives in this regard. Objective: The objectives were to determine the chemical composition and to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of Cymbopogon citratus EO against some foodborne bacteria alone and in combination with Origanum majorana and Caryophyllus aromaticus EOs. Materials and Methods: Chemical composition of C. citratus EO was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Further, antibacterial activity of the EO against foodborne bacteria was assessed using disk diffusion method. In addition, the minimum inhibitory concentration of the EO was determined by microdilution broth method and then the minimum bactericidal concentration value was determined. Checkerboard synergy testing was also performed to determine the fractional inhibitory concentration index. Finally, time-kill curves were drawn based on the bacterial population (CFU/mL) against time (h). Results: The major compounds of C. citratus EO were isothymol, thymol, trans-caryophyllene, and cymene. The most and the least sensitive foodborne bacteria to C. citratus EO were Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis, respectively. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of C. citratus EO against all the evaluated bacteria were 0.1% and The minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values ranged between 0.1 and >2% (v/v). The combination of C. citratus and O. majorana EOs showed a synergistic activity against Salmonella typhimurium and partial synergism against B. subtilis, Escherichia coli O157:H7, S. aureus, and Listeria monocytogenes. Moreover, the combination of C. citratus and C. aromaticus EOs demonstrated partial synergism against S. aureus and L. monocytogenes, and additive interaction against S. typhimurium; however, the combination was indifferent against E. coli O157:H7 and B. subtilis. Furthermore, C. citratus plus O. majorana EOs and C. citratus plus C. aromaticus EOs showed a bactericidal effect against S. typhimurium after 24 hours in the time-kill assay. Conclusion: In general, the synergism, partial synergism, and additive effects of C. citratus in combination with C. aromaticus and O. majorana EOs strengthen the antimicrobial activity, expand the spectrum of activity, reduce the concentrations required, decrease the side effects, and prevent the alteration of organoleptic properties of food.

scholarly journals Microbiota populations in supragingival plaque, subgingival plaque, and saliva habitats of adult dogs

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrícia M. Oba ◽  
Meredith Q. Carroll ◽  
Celeste Alexander ◽  
Helen Valentine ◽  
Amy J. Somrak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Oral Disease ◽  
Oral Microbiota ◽  
Subgingival Plaque ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Supragingival Plaque

Abstract Background Oral diseases are common in dogs, with microbiota playing a prominent role in the disease process. Oral cavity habitats harbor unique microbiota populations that have relevance to health and disease. Despite their importance, the canine oral cavity microbial habitats have been poorly studied. The objectives of this study were to (1) characterize the oral microbiota of different habitats of dogs and (2) correlate oral health scores with bacterial taxa and identify what sites may be good options for understanding the role of microbiota in oral diseases. We used next-generation sequencing to characterize the salivary (SAL), subgingival (SUB), and supragingival (SUP) microbial habitats of 26 healthy adult female Beagle dogs (4.0 ± 1.2 year old) and identify taxa associated with periodontal disease indices. Results Bacterial species richness was highest for SAL, moderate for SUB, and lowest for SUP samples (p < 0.001). Unweighted and weighted principal coordinates plots showed clustering by habitat, with SAL and SUP samples being the most different from one another. Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Fusobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Spirochaetes were the predominant phyla in all habitats. Paludibacter, Filifactor, Peptostreptococcus, Fusibacter, Anaerovorax, Fusobacterium, Leptotrichia, Desulfomicrobium, and TG5 were enriched in SUB samples, while Actinomyces, Corynebacterium, Leucobacter, Euzebya, Capnocytophaga, Bergeyella, Lautropia, Lampropedia, Desulfobulbus, Enhydrobacter, and Moraxella were enriched in SUP samples. Prevotella, SHD-231, Helcococcus, Treponema, and Acholeplasma were enriched in SAL samples. p-75-a5, Arcobacter, and Pasteurella were diminished in SUB samples. Porphyromonas, Peptococcus, Parvimonas, and Campylobacter were diminished in SUP samples, while Tannerella, Proteocalla, Schwartzia, and Neisseria were diminished in SAL samples. Actinomyces, Corynebacterium, Capnocytophaga, Leptotrichia, and Neisseria were associated with higher oral health scores (worsened health) in plaque samples. Conclusions Our results demonstrate the differences that exist among canine salivary, subgingival plaque and supragingival plaque habitats. Salivary samples do not require sedation and are easy to collect, but do not accurately represent the plaque populations that are most important to oral disease. Plaque Actinomyces, Corynebacterium, Capnocytophaga, Leptotrichia, and Neisseria were associated with higher (worse) oral health scores. Future studies analyzing samples from progressive disease stages are needed to validate these results and understand the role of bacteria in periodontal disease development.

scholarly journals Chemical composition, antioxidant and bioactivities of essential oils from Melaleuca bracteata leaves

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 18-29
Author(s):  
Lan Ying Wang ◽  
Wen Cheng How ◽  
Tian An Shen ◽  
Rong Di ◽  
Yanping Luo
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Minimum Bactericidal Concentration ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Petroleum Ether Extract ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Polyphenol Content ◽  
Total Polyphenol ◽  
Agricultural Applications ◽  
Total Flavonoids Content

Melaleuca bracteata possesses antioxidant, antibacterial, and herbicidal activities. However, the agricultural applications of M. bracteata have not been explored yet. The M. bracteata leaves were distilled, and the petroleum ether extract of the essential oils (PEEO) was analysed by GC-MS, where methyl eugenol was found to be the most abundant (66.68%). The total polyphenol content (TPC), the total flavonoids content (TFC) of the PEEO were 6.617 ± 0.535 mg gallic acid equivalents/g and 7.086 ± 0.452 mg rutin equivalents/g, respectively. The IC<sub>50</sub> values of the DPPH, ABTS and Fe<sup>3+</sup> were 4.180 ± 0.050 mg/ml, 5.400 ± 0.140 mg/ml, and 8.935 ± 0.067 mg/g, respectively. The EC<sub>50</sub> value of the PEEO was 33.78 ± 2.35 μg/ml against the Pyricularia oryzae. The minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration values were 0.10 mg/ml and 0.45 mg/ml against Bacillus subtilis. The results indicate that M. bracteata PEEO possesses excellent antioxidant activities and bioactivities.

scholarly journals The oral cavity microbiota: between health, oral disease, and cancers of the aerodigestive tract

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 475-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Le Bars ◽  
Sébastien Matamoros ◽  
Emmanuel Montassier ◽  
Françoise Le Vacon ◽  
Gilles Potel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
The Body ◽  
Oral Disease ◽  
Oral Microbiota ◽  
Strict Sense ◽  
Gi Tract ◽  
Key Species ◽  
Risk Of Cancer

Many studies show that the human microbiome plays a critical role in the chronic pathologies of obesity, inflammatory bowel diseases, and diabetes. More recently, the interaction between cancer and the microbiome has been highlighted. Most studies have focused on the gut microbiota because it represents the most extensive bacterial community, and the body of evidence correlating it with gut syndromes is increasing. However, in the strict sense, the gastrointestinal (GI) tract begins in the oral cavity, and special attention should be paid to the specific flora of this cavity. This study reviewed the current knowledge about the various microbial ecosystems of the upper part of the GI tract and discussed their potential link to carcinogenesis. The overall composition of the microbial communities, as well as the presence or absence of “key species”, in relation to carcinogenesis is addressed. Alterations in the oral microbiota can potentially be used to predict the risk of cancer. Molecular advances and the further monitoring of the microbiota will increase our understanding of the role of the microbiota in carcinogenesis and open new perspectives for future therapeutic and prophylactic modalities.

scholarly journals Formulation of mouth rinse from the essential oils of lime (Citrus aurantifolia) and its inhibitory efficacy on the growth of Streptococcus mutans – in vitro

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Sri Mulyanti ◽  
Dewi Sodja Laela ◽  
Euis Julaeha ◽  
Anne Agustina Suwargiani ◽  
Dudi Aripin
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Minimum Bactericidal Concentration ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Mouth Rinse ◽  
Citrus Aurantifolia

Introduction: Essentials oil of lime (Citrus aurantifolia) peel has high activity in inhibiting the growth of Streptococcus mutans bacteria. The objective of this research was to determine the formulation of mouth rinse from the essential oils of lime (C. aurantifolia) with the highest inhibitory and on the growth of S. mutans. Methods: This research was an experimental in-vitro study. The sample used was the lime (C. aurantifolia) peel waste peel using hydrodistillation technique; testing of the essential oil quality was performed using 100°C distilled water for 3 hours; organoleptic test and physical mouth rinse formula test was also conducted. Mouth rinse formulations were made from the essential oils in the concentrations of 1, 2, 4, 8, 10, and 20%. Mouth rinse activity was tested with optical density. Minimum inhibitory concentration was determined with microdilution. Results: Essential oil mouth rinse formulation showed antibacterial activity at the concentrations of 2, 4, 8, 10, and 20% (formulations I-IV); the recommended mouth rinse concentration was 4% (formulation III) due to its highest antibacterial. Formulation IV showed the highest minimum inhibitory concentration value of 5.2 mg/mL (0.52%) and the safe minimum bactericidal concentration of 0.4 mg/mL (1.04). Conclusion: Mouth rinse formulation from essential oils of lime (C. aurantifolia) peel begins to show inhibition of the growth of S. mutans bacteria at the concentration of 2% essential oils (formulation II), with inhibition against the growth of S. mutans is 7.08. The formula shows a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value and a minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of 5.2 mg/mL (0.52%) and 10.4 mg/mL (1.04), respectively.

scholarly journals The In Vitro Activity of Essential Oils against Helicobacter Pylori Growth and Urease Activity

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izabela Korona-Glowniak ◽  
Anna Glowniak-Lipa ◽  
Agnieszka Ludwiczuk ◽  
Tomasz Baj ◽  
Anna Malm
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Urease Activity ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Silver Fir ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Phenol Red ◽  
Pine Needle ◽  
Tea Tree ◽  
H Pylori

The anti-H. pylori properties of 26 different commercial essential oils were examined in vitro by MIC (minimal inhibitory concentration) determination for the reference strain H. pylori ATCC 43504. We selected 9 essential oils with different anti-Helicobacter activities and established their phytochemical composition and urease inhibition activities. Phytochemical analysis of the selected essential oils by GC-MS method and antioxidant activity were performed. The phenol red method was used to screen the effect of essential oils on urease activity expressed as IC50 (the half of maximal inhibitory concentration). The most active essential oils, with MIC = 15.6 mg/L, were thyme, lemongrass, cedarwood and lemon balm oils; MIC = 31.3 mg/L—oregano oil; MIC = 62.5 mg/L—tea tree oil; MIC = 125 mg/L—pine needle, lemon and silver fir oils with bactericidal effect. Urease activity was inhibited by these oils with IC50 ranged from 5.3 to > 1049.9 mg/L. The most active was cedarwood oil (IC50 = 5.3 mg/L), inhibiting urease at sub-MIC concentrations (MIC = 15.6 mg/L). The statistical principal component analysis allowed for the division of the oils into three phytochemical groups differing in their anti-H. pylori activity. To summarize, the activity in vitro of the five essential oils silver fir, pine needle, tea tree, lemongrass, and cedarwood oils against H. pylori was found in this paper for the first time. The most active against clinical strains of H. pylori were cedar wood and oregano oils. Moreover, cedarwood oil inhibited the urease activity at subinhibitory concentrations. This essential oil can be regarded as a useful component of the plant preparations supporting the eradication H. pylori therapy.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Susceptibility ofEscherichia coliStrains Isolated fromAlouattaspp. Feces to Essential Oils

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valéria Maria Lara ◽  
Adriano Bonfim Carregaro ◽  
Deise Flores Santurio ◽  
Mariangela Facco de Sá ◽  
Janio Moraes Santurio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Minimum Bactericidal Concentration ◽  
Thymus Vulgaris ◽  
Broth Microdilution ◽  
Eucalyptus Citriodora ◽  
Cymbopogon Citratus

This study evaluated thein vitroantibacterial activity of essential oils fromLippia graveolens(Mexican oregano),Origanum vulgaris(oregano),Thymus vulgaris(thyme),Rosmarinus officinalis(rosemary),Cymbopogon nardus(citronella),Cymbopogon citratus(lemongrass), andEucalyptus citriodora(eucalyptus) againstEscherichia coli(n=22) strains isolated fromAlouattaspp. feces. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined for each isolate using the broth microdilution technique. Essential oils of Mexican oregano (MIC mean = 1818 μg mL−1; MBC mean = 2618 μg mL−1), thyme (MIC mean = 2618 μg mL−1; MBC mean = 2909 μg mL−1), and oregano (MIC mean = 3418 μg mL−1; MBC mean = 4800 μg mL−1) showed the best antibacterial activity, while essential oils of eucalyptus, rosemary, citronella, and lemongrass displayed no antibacterial activity at concentrations greater than or equal to 6400 μg mL−1. Our results confirm the antimicrobial potential of some essential oils, which deserve further research.

scholarly journals Isolation and Identification of Morchella Pathogenic Fungi and Determination of In Vitro Antibacterial Activity of 30 Plant Essential Oils

2019 ◽  
Vol 136 ◽  
pp. 06005
Author(s):  
Qiyu Lu ◽  
Ji Liu ◽  
Caihong Tu ◽  
Feida Di ◽  
Qi Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Minimum Bactericidal Concentration ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Plant Essential Oils

In order to develop natural antistaling agent for Morchella preservation, reduce environmental pollution problems. In this experiment, the fungus pathogenic fungi were isolated and identified, and the antibacterial activity of the pathogen was determined by using 30 plant essential oils. The results showed that the fungal strain YDJ-S was isolated from the naturally occurring Morchella, belonging to the Fusarium proliferatum, which showed obvious pathogenicity. In vitro antibacterial experiments of essential oils show that in 30 kinds of essential oils, five essential oils of Basil, Cinnamon, Litsea cubeba, Clove and Garlic have obvious inhibitory effect on strain YDJ-S, and the inhibition rate is 100% at 1000 μl/L. Basil essential oil has the most obvious inhibitory effect on the minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration of strain YDJ-S, the minimum inhibitory concentration is 250 μl/L, and the minimum bactericidal concentration is 1000 μl/L, to lay the theoretical foundation for further research.

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