Preparation of novel blue phosphate pigments in imitation of turquoise

Abstract As a novel blue pigment, various hydrated copper aluminum phosphate imitating turquoise, CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8.4H2O, were prepared by mixing copper nitrate solution, aluminum nitrate solution, phosphoric acid, and sodium hydroxide solution. Samples with similar chemical composition with turquoise were prepared. The obtained powders were evaluated with X-ray diffraction, infrared spectra, ultraviolet-visible reflectance spectra, and L*a*b* color space. Further, other related compositions were also investigated. Samples heated at low temperature were light blue powder. By heating at 700 ºC, the color of materials changed to deep green. Samples with high copper ratio indicated lower L* value and small a* and b* values. The low copper ratio was suitable to obtain light blue and deep green phosphate pigments.

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Luminescence Intensity Enhancement of Copper Doped Hydronium Alunite Synthesized under Hydrothermal Conditions Using Sulfates Solution

Advances in Science and Technology ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.90.127 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 90 ◽

pp. 127-132

Author(s):

Yuichiro Kuroki ◽

Takashi Hatsuse ◽

Tomoichiro Okamoto ◽

Masasuke Takata

Keyword(s):

Crystal Structure ◽

Luminescence Intensity ◽

Single Phase ◽

Elemental Sulfur ◽

Nitrate Solution ◽

Hydrothermal Condition ◽

Copper Nitrate ◽

Hydrothermal Conditions ◽

Photoluminescence Peak ◽

Blue Photoluminescence

A novel phosphor, copper doped hydronium alunite ((H3O)Al3(SO4)2(OH)6:Cu), exhibiting a blue photoluminescence peak at a wavelength of 420 nm was successfully synthesized from aluminum and copper sulfates solution under hydrothermal condition (240 °C, 60 min). The measurement of XRD revealed that the obtained products were single phase with a crystal structure of (H3O)Al3(SO4)2(OH)6. Luminescence intensity of (H3O)Al3(SO4)2(OH)6:Cu synthesized from sulfates solution was 6.2 times higher than that from an aluminum nitrate solution mixed with an elemental sulfur and a copper nitrate solution. The increase of luminescence intensity was resulted from an improvement of the crystallinity of (H3O)Al3(SO4)2(OH)6.

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Pronounced Impact of p-Type Carriers and Reduction of Bandgap in Semiconducting ZnTe Thin Films by Cu Doping for Intermediate Buffer Layer in Heterojunction Solar Cells

10.20944/preprints201902.0108.v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Waqar Mahmood ◽

Saif Ullah Awan ◽

Amad Ud Din ◽

Sajid Arif ◽

Andrew Thomas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thin Film ◽

Thin Films ◽

Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽

Exchange Process ◽

Nitrate Solution ◽

Copper Nitrate ◽

Lattice Parameter ◽

Bandgap Energy ◽

X Rays ◽

Znte Thin Films

Stabilized un-doped Zinc Telluride (ZnTe) thin films were grown on glass substrates under vacuum using closed space sublimation (CSS) technique. A dilute copper nitrate solution (0.1/100 ml) was prepared for copper doping known as ion exchange process in the matrix of ZnTe thin film. The reproducible polycrystalline cubic structure of undoped and Cu doped ZnTe thin films with preferred orientation (111) was confirmed by X-rays diffraction (XRD) technique. Lattice parameter analyses verified the expansion of unit cell volume after incorporation of Cu species into ZnTe thin films samples. The micrographs of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to measure the variation in crystal sizes of samples. The energy dispersive X-rays was used to validate the elemental composition of undoped and Cu-doped ZnTe thin films.  The bandgap energy 2.24 eV of ZnTe thin film decreased after doping Cu to 2.20 eV may be due to the introduction of acceptors states near to valance band.  Optical studies showed that refractive index was measured from 2.18 to 3.24 whereas thicknesses varied between 220 nm to 320 nm for un-doped and Cu doped ZnTe thin film respectively using Swanepoel model. The oxidation states of Zn+2, Te+2 and Cu+1 through high resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses was observed. The resistivity of thin films changed from ~107 Ω-cm for undoped ZnTe to ~1 Ω-cm for Cu-doped ZnTe thin film, whereas p-type carrier concentration increased from to  respectively. These results predicted that Cu-doped ZnTe thin film can be used as an ideal, efficient and stable intermediate layer between metallic and absorber back contact for the heterojunction thin film solar cell technology.

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Synthesis of novel red phosphate pigments from manganese carbonate to imitate natrophilite

Cerâmica ◽

10.1590/0366-69132018643722511 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 64 (372) ◽

pp. 623-626

Author(s):

H. Onoda ◽

S. Fujikado

Keyword(s):

Color Space ◽

Xrd Analysis ◽

Manganese Carbonate ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Manganese Phosphate ◽

A Value ◽

Higher Temperature ◽

Phosphate Pigments ◽

Xrd Patterns ◽

Visible Reflectance

Abstract A novel red pigment, sodium manganese phosphate (NaMnPO4), imitating natrophilite, was synthesized from manganese carbonate by heating under various conditions. The powders obtained were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible reflectance spectroscopy, and L*a*b* color space. Samples synthesized at 500-800 °C presented XRD patterns associated with NaMnPO4. By heating at a higher temperature, the samples exhibited lighter color. The sample synthesized at 700 °C indicated the highest a* value. Furthermore, the effects of varying relative amounts of constituents were also studied. The temperature and period of heating, volume of water, and phosphate content affected the color phase of the pigments.

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Pronounced Impact of p-Type Carriers and Reduction of Bandgap in Semiconducting ZnTe Thin Films by Cu Doping for Intermediate Buffer Layer in Heterojunction Solar Cells

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma12081359 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (8) ◽

pp. 1359 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Mahmood ◽

Awan ◽

Din ◽

Ali ◽

Nasir ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thin Film ◽

Thin Films ◽

Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽

Exchange Process ◽

Nitrate Solution ◽

Copper Nitrate ◽

Bandgap Energy ◽

X Rays ◽

P Type ◽

Znte Thin Films

Stabilized un-doped Zinc Telluride (ZnTe) thin films were grown on glass substrates under vacuum using a closed space sublimation (CSS) technique. A dilute copper nitrate solution (0.1/100 mL) was prepared for copper doping, known as an ion exchange process, in the matrix of the ZnTe thin film. The reproducible polycrystalline cubic structure of undoped and the Cu doped ZnTe thin films with preferred orientation (111) was confirmed by X-rays diffraction (XRD) technique. Lattice parameter analyses verified the expansion of unit cell volume after incorporation of Cu species into ZnTe thin films samples. The micrographs of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to measure the variation in crystal sizes of samples. The energy dispersive X-rays were used to validate the elemental composition of undoped and Cu-doped ZnTe thin films. The bandgap energy 2.24 eV of the ZnTe thin film decreased after doping Cu to 2.20 eV and may be due to the introduction of acceptors states near to valance band. Optical studies showed that refractive index was measured from 2.18 to 3.24, whereas thicknesses varied between 220 nm to 320 nm for un-doped and Cu doped ZnTe thin film, respectively, using the Swanepoel model. The oxidation states of Zn2+, Te2+, and Cu+ through high resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses was observed. The resistivity of thin films changed from ~107 Ω·cm or undoped ZnTe to ~1 Ω·cm for Cu-doped ZnTe thin film, whereas p-type carrier concentration increased from 4 × 109 cm−2 to 1.4 × 1011 cm−2, respectively. These results predicted that Cu-doped ZnTe thin film can be used as an ideal, efficient, and stable intermediate layer between metallic and absorber back contact for the heterojunction thin film solar cell technology.

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Process Modeling of CuO/Zeolite Preparation for CODCr Removal from Acid Bright Red GR Wastewater

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.727-728.87 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 727-728 ◽

pp. 87-90

Author(s):

Ting Liu ◽

Bo Quan Jiang

Keyword(s):

Process Model ◽

Removal Rate ◽

Nitrate Solution ◽

Copper Nitrate ◽

Solution Concentration ◽

Test Method ◽

Process Conditions ◽

Optimal Process ◽

Relative Errors ◽

And Control

The study on CuO/zeolite preparation for CODr removal from acid bright red GR wastewater was carried out. The optimal process parameters,with zeolite/copper nitrate solution ratio of 1:4 g/mL, copper nitrate solution concentration of 1.0mol/L, calcining temperature of 400°Cand calcining time of 5 h, were determined by single test method .The CuO/zeolite prepared under the optimal conditions obtained high CODCr and chroma removal rates with more than 87%and 99,9%,respectively.The process model of CuO/zeolite preparation was established by response surface methodology. The model was proved to be reliable and accurate and its theoretical values were very close to the the actual test values with absolute relative errors ranged from 0.00% to 1.49%, which can be used to predict, adjust and control the process conditions of CuO/zeolite preparation for getting desired CODCr removal rate.

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Rapid Preparation of Solid Alcohol

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.781-784.131 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 781-784 ◽

pp. 131-134

Author(s):

Hai Yan Du ◽

Jing Fan ◽

Wei Ming Wu

Keyword(s):

Stearic Acid ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Orthogonal Experiment ◽

Nitrate Solution ◽

Influence Factors ◽

Copper Nitrate ◽

Rapid Preparation ◽

Preparation Conditions ◽

Materials Used ◽

Main Influence

This paper investigated several influencing factors for the preparation of solid alcohol, including the amount of raw materials used such as stearic acid and copper nitrate and so on, and the temperature, etc. Through single factor experiments, the main influence factors of preparing solid alcohol were determined. And, on this basis, in view of three remarkable influence factors: the stearic acid amount used, the copper nitrate amount used and the temperature, the orthogonal experiment was carried out. Finally, the optimal preparation conditions were determined as follows: 25ml industrial alcohol, 1.3g stearic acid, 1.2ml 10% copper nitrate solution, at 75°C, pH 8, the cooling way is gradual cooling with no refluxing.

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Tailoring Growth of MOF199 on Hierarchical Surface of Bamboo and Its Antibacterial Property

10.21203/rs.3.rs-263128/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Minglei Su ◽

Rong Zhang ◽

Jingpeng Li ◽

Xiaobei Jin ◽

Xiaofeng Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nitrate Solution ◽

Copper Nitrate ◽

E Coli ◽

Synthesis Route ◽

Practical Strategy ◽

Nucleation Sites ◽

Potential Applications ◽

Metal Organic ◽

The Stability

Abstract Bamboo, as a fast-grown forest resource, could be functionalized by metal–organic frameworks (MOF) with various potential applications. However, the stability of MOF immobilized on bamboo surface remains to be improved. In this work, MOF199, as known as HKUST-1, was in situ anchoring on moso bamboo via regulating pretreatment of bamboo and a green two-step synthesis route. The two-step synthesis route could be completed under room temperature and both precursor solutions can be reused. The results indicated that, with the collaboration of delignification and carboxymethylation pretreatment of bamboo, a dense and well-dispersed MOF199 coating was successfully synthesized, the adhesion between MOF and bamboo surface was also improved. Besides, the quantity and size of MOF199 on bamboo can be tailored by adjusting the carboxyl groups of pretreated bamboo and the concentration of copper nitrate solution. More importantly, results show that the formation of carboxyl-copper (II) complex served as nucleation sites for the growth of MOF199 crystals is the key to prepare uniform MOF layers. The growth of MOF199 endow bamboo with good antibacterial activity against E. coli. This method provides a facile and practical strategy for designing MOF coated woody materials.

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