COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY MEDICAL IMAGE ANALYSIS OF BASKETBALL PLAYERS’ BONE GEOMETRY

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 390-394
Author(s):  
Bichuan Liu ◽  
Nai Liu
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Bone Density ◽  
Medical Image Analysis ◽  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Adolescent Male ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Navicular Bone ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Computed Tomography Images ◽  
Hand Bones

ABSTRACT Introduction: Basketball sports will effect on the morphology and structure of the hand bones and joints. Objective: The article selected nine professional basketball players (basketball group) and 11 non-basketball players (control group) in the provincial youth team. A 64-row spiral computed tomography scan was used to scan the wrist and three-dimensional reconstruction. The volume of each carpal bone and the computed tomography value (bone density) were measured. Methods: To explore the influence of basketball sports on the hand bones and joints’ morphological structure, the paper analyzes the structural characteristics of the computed tomography images of young male basketball players’ wrist bones. Results: Compared with the carpal bones in the control group, the volume of the right navicular bone and the small polygonal bone, the left-hand navicular bone, the large triangular bone, and the small polygonal bone in the basketball group increased significantly (P<0.05). Conclusions: Basketball can increase the volume of the part of the wrist bones of adolescent male athletes and reduce the bone density; the morphological structure of the non-smashing wrist bones of basketball players has similar changes to that of the spikers. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.

Cone Beam Computed Tomographic Evaluation of Mandibular Asymmetry in Patients with Cleft Lip and Palate

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (7) ◽  
pp. 919-924 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Paknahad ◽  
Shoaleh Shahidi ◽  
Ehsan Bahrampour ◽  
Amir Saied Beladi ◽  
Leila Khojastepour
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mandibular Asymmetry ◽  
Computed Tomography Images ◽  
Normal Occlusion ◽  
Bilateral Cleft Lip

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to compare mandibular vertical asymmetry in patients with unilateral and bilateral cleft lip and palate and subjects with normal occlusion. Materials and Methods: Cone beam computed tomography scans of three groups consisting of 20 patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate, 20 patients affected by bilateral cleft lip and palate, and a control group of 20 subjects with normal occlusion were analyzed for this study. Condylar, ramal, and condylar plus ramal asymmetry indices were measured for all subjects using the method of Habets et al. Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests were used to determine any significant differences between the groups for all indices at the 95% level of confidence. Results: There were no significant differences regarding sex for all mandibular asymmetry indices in all three groups. All Asymmetry indices (condylar, ramal, and condylar plus ramal asymmetry) were significantly higher in the unilateral cleft group compared with the other two groups. Conclusion: Cone beam computed tomography images showed that patients with cleft lip and palate suffered from mandibular asymmetry. Subjects with unilateral cleft lip and palate had a more asymmetric mandible compared with the bilateral cleft lip and palate and control groups. Therefore, the mandible appears to be the leading factor in facial asymmetry in subjects with unilateral cleft lip and palate.

scholarly journals A novel experimental model for studying transverse orthodontic tooth movement in the rat mandible

2013 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. 774-781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayad Alsagheer ◽  
Loren W. Kline ◽  
Michael R. Doschak ◽  
Paul W. Major
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Radiographic Examination ◽  
Control Group ◽  
End Point ◽  
Computed Tomography Images ◽  
Rat Mandible ◽  
Experimental Group

ABSTRACT Objectives: To establish a rat model of a one-piece mandible using the principles of gingivoperiosteoplasty and guided bone regeneration to fuse the midline symphyseal area. Material and Methods: Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley female rats were divided into two groups: 12 experimental and 12 control. Both groups were imaged using in vivo micro-computed tomography at baseline and at end point (5 months). The experimental group received regenerative surgery at the symphysis area; the control group received no treatment. Outcomes were evaluated by radiographic examination of gross and volumetric bony changes in the symphyseal region of interest marked between the mental foramina bilaterally and the two central incisors near the most coronal margin of the alveolar crests. These landmarks were chosen as they can be reproduced on the computed tomography images at baseline and end point. Histologic examination was performed on all samples at a level 5 mm apical to the alveolar bone crest. Results: Radiologic and histologic examinations of the experimental group revealed complete bony fusion of the symphyseal area in three subjects, partial fusion in five subjects, and thickening of the alveolar bony socket in three subjects; one rat died of anesthesia-related complications. No evidence of fusion or alveolar bone thickening was found in any of the controls. Conclusions: This surgical animal model demonstrates that a rat mandible can be surgically manipulated to mimic the one-piece human mandible. This novel model may prove useful in studying mandibular bone remodeling and orthodontic mandibular tooth movement.

Anomaly Detection in Medical Image Analysis

2009 ◽  
pp. 426-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Taboada-Crispi ◽  
Hichem Sahli ◽  
Denis Hernandez-Pacheco ◽  
Alexander Falcon-Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Anomaly Detection ◽  
Medical Image ◽  
Medical Image Analysis ◽  
Content Based Image Retrieval ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Brain Computed Tomography ◽  
Computed Tomography Images ◽  
Assisted Diagnosis

Various approaches have been taken to detect anomalies, with certain particularities in the medical image scenario, linked to other terms: content-based image retrieval, pattern recognition, classification, segmentation, outlier detection, image mining, as well as computer-assisted diagnosis, and computeraided surgery. This chapter presents, a review of anomaly detection (AD) techniques and assessment methodologies, which have been applied to medical images, emphasizing their peculiarities, limitations and future perspectives. Moreover, a contribution to the field of AD in brain computed tomography images is also given, illustrated and assessed.

scholarly journals Correlation analysis of epicardial adipose tissue volume quantified by computed tomography images and coronary heart disease under optimized reconstruction algorithm

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (6-WIT) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenwei Miao ◽  
Hongyan Yang ◽  
Bofen Liu ◽  
Wengui Li
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Epicardial Adipose Tissue ◽  
Reconstruction Algorithm ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Computed Tomography Images

Objectives: This paper was aimed to explore the adoption value of low-dose computed tomography (CT) imaging based on optimized ordered subset expectation maximization (OSEM) reconstruction algorithm in the correlation analysis between epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) volume and coronary heart disease (CHD). Methods: A total of 110 patients with CHD were selected for CT angiography (CTA) and coronary arteriography (CAG) examinations from October 2017 to October 2019. The predictive value of EAT for CHD was analyzed via receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: The results showed that the iteration time and error of the improved OSEM reconstruction algorithm were better than that of MLEM algorithm under the same number of iterations. Age, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, and EAT in control group were obviously lower in contrast to those in CHD group (P<0.05). EAT in control group was (124.50±26.72) mL, and EAT in the CHD group was (159.41±38.51) mL. EAT (B=0.023, P=0.003) was an independent risk factor for CHD, which was suggested by Multiple linear regression analysis. Moreover, EAT was a risk factor for CHD, and was positively correlated with the degree and NSCV. Conclusion: The optimized OSEM algorithm was used to improve the reconstruction quality of low-dose CT images and used in quantitative measurement of epicardial fat volume. Results showed EAT was an independent risk factor for CHD, and was positively correlated with the number of coronary lesions and Gensini score. It was of great value for the prediction of CHD. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.6-WIT.4882 How to cite this:Miao Z, Yang H, Liu B, Li W. Correlation analysis of epicardial adipose tissue volume quantified by computed tomography images and coronary heart disease under optimized reconstruction algorithm. Pak J Med Sci. 2021;37(6):1677-1681.  doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.6-WIT.4882 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

scholarly journals Quantitative and perceived visual changes of the nasolabial fold following orthodontic retraction of lip protrusion

2018 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 465-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eui Seon Baek ◽  
Soonshin Hwang ◽  
Yoon Jeong Choi ◽  
Mi Ryung Roh ◽  
Tung Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Nasolabial Fold ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Computed Tomography Images ◽  
Soft Tissue Thickness ◽  
Visual Changes

ABSTRACT Objectives: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the quantitative and perceived visual changes of the nasolabial fold (NLF) after maximum retraction in adults and to determine its contributing factors. Materials and Methods: A total of 39 adult women's cone-beam computed tomography images were collected retrospectively and divided into the retraction group (age 26.9 ± 8.80) that underwent maximum retraction following 4 premolar extraction and the control group (age 24.6 ± 5.36) with minor changes of the incisors. Three-dimensional morphologic changes of hard and soft tissue including NLF were measured by pre- and posttreatment cone-beam computed tomography. In addition, perceived visual change of the NLF was monitored using the modified Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale. The influence of age, initial severity of NLF, and initial soft tissue thickness was evaluated. Results: Anterior retraction induced significant changes of the facial soft tissue including the lips, perioral, and the NLF when compared with the controls (P &lt; .01). Perceived visual changes of the NLF was noted only in women younger than age 30 (P &lt; .05), with the odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of 2.44 (1.3461–4.4226), indicating greater possibility for improvement of NLF esthetics in young women of the retraction group when compared with the controls. Conclusions: Orthodontic retraction induced quantitative and perceived visual changes of the NLF. For adult women younger than age 30, the appearance of the NLF improved after maximum retraction despite the greater posterior change of the NLF.

Computed Tomography-Based Patient-Specific Instrumentation Loses Accuracy with Significant Varus Preoperative Misalignment

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vicente Jesús León-Muñoz ◽  
Mirian López-López ◽  
Alonso José Lisón-Almagro ◽  
Francisco Martínez-Martínez ◽  
Fernando Santonja-Medina
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Deformity Correction ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Control Group ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Varus Alignment ◽  
Patient Specific Instrumentation ◽  
Conventional Instrumentation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Valgus Alignment

AbstractPatient-specific instrumentation (PSI) has been introduced to simplify and make total knee arthroplasty (TKA) surgery more precise, effective, and efficient. We performed this study to determine whether the postoperative coronal alignment is related to preoperative deformity when computed tomography (CT)-based PSI is used for TKA surgery, and how the PSI approach compares with deformity correction obtained with conventional instrumentation. We analyzed pre-and post-operative full length standing hip-knee-ankle (HKA) X-rays of the lower limb in both groups using a convention > 180 degrees for valgus alignment and < 180 degrees for varus alignment. For the PSI group, the mean (± SD) pre-operative HKA angle was 172.09 degrees varus (± 6.69 degrees) with a maximum varus alignment of 21.5 degrees (HKA 158.5) and a maximum valgus alignment of 14.0 degrees. The mean post-operative HKA was 179.43 degrees varus (± 2.32 degrees) with a maximum varus alignment of seven degrees and a maximum valgus alignment of six degrees. There has been a weak correlation among the values of the pre- and postoperative HKA angle. The adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of postoperative alignment outside the range of 180 ± 3 degrees was significantly higher with a preoperative varus misalignment of 15 degrees or more (aOR: 4.18; 95% confidence interval: 1.35–12.96; p = 0.013). In the control group (conventional instrumentation), this loss of accuracy occurs with preoperative misalignment of 10 degrees. Preoperative misalignment below 15 degrees appears to present minimal influence on postoperative alignment when a CT-based PSI system is used. The CT-based PSI tends to lose accuracy with preoperative varus misalignment over 15 degrees.

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