scholarly journals Virginiamycin and sodium monensin supplementation for beef cattle on pasture

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 1999-2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.C.F. Maciel ◽  
H.M. Saturnino ◽  
F.A. Barbosa ◽  
V.M.R. Malacco ◽  
J.M.C. Andrade Júnior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Mineral Supplement ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Daily Dose ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Supplement Intake

ABSTRACT The aim of this paper was to evaluate the effects of including virginiamycin (VM), sodium monensin (MON) or the association (VM+MON) in the energetic mineral supplement, on the intake and performance of beef cattle on pasture. Forty Nellore heifers with 24 months of age and initial body weight (BW) of 251.5±16.6kg, were distributed in four treatments in a randomized block design. Treatments consisted of adding VM, MON or VM+MON to the supplement (CONT). Additive concentrations were defined to reach a dose of 40 to 45mg/100kg BW. The herbage allowance was not a limiting factor for the animals’ intake. Supplement intake was lower than expected, with 33.0, 18.8 and 26.3mg per 100kg BW for VM, MON and VM+MON, respectively. Dry matter intake (DMI, mean=2.65% BW) and animal performance were not affected by the inclusion of additives. The average daily gain (ADG) was 0.561kg/animal day-1. The inclusion of additives in energetic mineral supplement does not affect the DMI and the ADG of grazing animals. The variability in supplement intake and daily dose intake of additives may have influenced the performance of the animals. Monensin inclusion presented the less expensive supplementation cost, due to reduction in supplement intake without changing weight gain.

scholarly journals Supplementation of grazing beef cattle with narasin

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Guilherme Mezzena Gobato ◽  
Daniel Montanher Polizel ◽  
Marcos Vinícius de Castro Ferraz Júnior ◽  
Alexandre Arantes Miszura ◽  
José Paulo Roman Barroso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Initial Body Weight ◽  
Mineral Supplement ◽  
Protein Supplements ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Supplement Intake

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of narasin inclusion in mineral and protein supplements on the performance and supplement intake of grazing beef yearlings. One hundred and fifty Nellore yearlings with 17.0±0.06 months of age and 219.7±1.62 kg initial body weight (BW) were allocated into 30 experimental units (EUs), with five animals each. The EUs were assigned to 16 paddocks, which were continuously stocked for 28 days, followed by 28 days of rest. A randomized complete block design was used. The experiment lasted 140 days, divided into five periods of 28 days each. The assessed treatments were: control mineral supplement (CON); CON + 1,800 (N1800) or 2,750 (N2750) mg narasin per kilogram of supplement; and protein mineral supplement (PROT) or PROT + 360 mg narasin per kilogram of supplement (PROT 360). The inclusion of narasin in the mineral supplement increased average daily gain (ADG) in the first period and decreased supplement intake in the first, second, and third periods, when compared with the CON treatment. The ADG and supplement intake were similar between the N1800 and N2750 treatments. Narasin has a positive effect on ADG up to 28 days of supplementation and controls mineral supplement intake, without compromising this gain.

scholarly journals PSXIV-10 Evaluation of an alternative to sodium monensin use in Nellore cattle finished on pasture with high-intake supplementation

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 439-440
Author(s):  
Ivanna M Oliveira ◽  
Maxwelder S Soares ◽  
Hugo A S Issa ◽  
Luiz F Costa e Silva ◽  
Anne Koontz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
High Intake ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Nellore Cattle ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Supplement Intake

Abstract The objective was to evaluate the effects of Alltech® Advantage Confinamento (a proprietary blend of trace minerals and yeast) on performance and carcass traits of Nellore cattle finished with high-intake supplementation during the dry season. Fifty-two Nellore bulls [526 ± 5.71 kg of body weight (BW); age of 28 mo old] were distributed in a randomized block design (block = BW). Four animals were slaughtered at the beginning of the experiment to estimate the initial hot carcass weight (HCW). The remaining animals were divided into two treatments: ad libitum supplementation (estimated daily intake = 20 g/kg BW; crude protein = 14%; total digestible nutrients = 74%) with sodium monensin or Advantage Confinamento (29.9 mg or 3 g/kg of dry matter of supplement, respectively). The animals were evaluated for 112 days (28 days of adaptation and three periods of 28 days; June to October, 2018). The experimental area was divided into 12 paddocks (one ha each; Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu). Each paddock had four automatic feeders (Intergado®) and two animals per treatment. The feeders allowed the evaluation of individual supplement intake on pasture. There was no difference between monensin and Advantage Confinamento for final BW (641 vs 646 kg, P = 0.6120), average daily gain (1.04 vs 1.09 kg, P = 0.5383), carcass gain (0.781 vs 0.815 kg/day, P = 0.5101), final HCW (380 vs 384 kg, P = 0.5421) and dressing percentage (59.4 vs 59.5 %, P = 0.8208). In conclusion, Advantage Confinamento provided support for optimal growth performance equal to the use of sodium monensin when Nellore bulls were finished with high-intake supplementation on pasture during the dry season.

scholarly journals Ranking of Four Types Fodder as Sole Diet Considering Biological Characteristics and Growth of Local Growing Bulls

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Khan Shahidul Huque ◽  
Biplob Kumer Roy ◽  
Nazmul Huda
Keyword(s):  
Cost Efficiency ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Biological Characteristics ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Arithmetic Average ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Growth Performances ◽  
Daily Gain

Aims: In this experiment, evaluation of intake, digestibility and growth performances of local growing bulls by feeding Jumbo-green, Para and German grass based on Index (Mf) of Maize are considered and ranked this fodder accordingly. Study Design:  Completely randomized block design. Place and Duration of Study: Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute (BLRI), Savar, Dhaka, between July 2016 and September 2016. Methodology: Biomass production efficiency (Xddm), animal production efficiency (Xap), CH4 emission deduction efficiency (XCH4) and benefit to cost efficiency (Xbc) was considered to identify the biological characteristics of four fodders. Statistical analysis was done through SPSS-17 to evaluate the intake, digestibility and growth of animal. Rank of each fodder was calculated through the equation of Maize index (Mi) = (Xddm + Xap + XCH4 + Xbc)/4. Results: Aggregation of four arithmetic average efficiency; Jumbo-green, Para and German got 0.42, 0.40 and 0.72 point out of 1.0 point of Mi, respectively. Among four fodders German grass performed best in terms of average daily gain (107 gm/d) and feed conversion ratio (46.9) compared to maize silage (64 gm/d & 58.4, respectively). Weight loss of bulls fed Jumbo and Para has occurred unexpectedly. Conclusion: In combination of mathematical calculation and statistical evaluation, the rank of four fodders measured as Maize>German>Jumbo-green>Para.

scholarly journals 2 Evaluation of Masters Choice Corn Silage on Growing Steer Performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 127-127
Author(s):  
jiehua Xiong ◽  
Bradley M Boyd ◽  
Levi J McPhillips ◽  
Kyle Vosburgh ◽  
Galen E Erickson
Keyword(s):  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Fiber Digestion ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Corn Hybrid

Abstract Corn hybrids can be selected for improved digestion rates using lab techniques, which should impact animal performance. The objective of this study was to evaluate two Masters Choice corn silage hybrids on growing steer performance. In an 84-day growing study, 288 crossbred steers (initial BW = 303 ± 12 kg) were utilized in a generalized randomized block design with three diet treatments, 12 steers per pen and 8 pen replicates per treatment. Diets consisted of 80% corn silage (DM basis) of Masters Choice hybrid MCT6365 RIB (MC1, that has been selected to improve fiber and starch digestion) and MCT6733 GT3000 (MC2, that has been selected to improve fiber digestion) were compared to a conventional corn hybrid Farm Choice (CON, that is commonly grown in Eastern Nebraska). All corn was grown in one field under identity preserved method and harvested at 37-38% DM in three consecutive days. Relative to CON, feeding MC1 resulted in similar dry matter intake (DMI, P = 0.28), but numerically increased average daily gain (ADG, P = 0.14) which significantly improved feed efficiency (G:F, P = 0.02). Feeding MC2 led to greater DMI (P < 0.01), similar ADG (P = 0.45), and lower G:F (P < 0.01) compared to CON. The results suggest that feeding Masters Choice hybrid MCT6365 RIB (MC1) corn silage at 80% of the diet DM improved ADG and G:F by 4.2%, while feeding MC2 decreased G:F by increasing DMI compared to CON. Differences in corn hybrids exist when feeding growing cattle 80% silage.

scholarly journals USE OF VIRGINIAMYCIN AND SALINOMYCIN IN THE DIET OF BEEF CATTLE REARED UNDER GRAZING DURING THE RAINY SEASON: PERFORMANCE AND RUMINAL METABOLISM

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sérgio Fernandes Ferreira ◽  
Juliano José de Resende Fernandes ◽  
João Teodoro Padua ◽  
Ubirajara Oliveira Bilego ◽  
Marcondes Dias de Freitas Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rainy Season ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Symbiotic Interaction ◽  
Mineral Supplement ◽  
Ruminal Ph ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Biometric Measurements ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Supplement Intake

Abstract The rumen is the most studied organ with regard to the symbiotic interaction between host and microbiota in the digestive tract of ruminants. Thus, this study aimed at evaluating the effects of including virginiamycin and salinomycin to the supplement for cattle fed tropical grass diet during the rainy season. Three treatments were set: control - mineral supplement COMIGO - Cria 61-F2 (MS); virginiamycin - MS + virginiamycin (Phigrow (r)) 100 mg/animal/day; salinomycin - MS + salinomycin (Posistac(r)) 108 mg/animal/day for the experiment 1 (performance) and experiment 2 (ruminal metabolism). The control showed higher Mineral supplement intake (MSI) (P <0.05), the virginiamycin had higher average daily gain (ADG) (P> 0.05) and better financial efficiency. Biometric measurements showed no differences (P> 0.05), suggesting a change in the ADG composition. There was no difference (P> 0.05) for dry matter digestibility (DMDIS), acid detergent fiber digestibility (ADFDIS), ruminal pH and ammoniacal-N. The virginiamycin had the highest effective neutral detergent fiber (NDF) degradability (P> 0.05) in the passage rates of 2 and 5%; the degradability rates were similar to control treatement and higher than that of salinomycin at the rate of 8%/hour. The virginiamycin or salinomycin can be conveyed to the MS, but do not promote significant effects on ruminal pH, ammoniacal-N, DMDIS and ADFDIS; but virginiamycin promoted greater effective degradability of NDF.

scholarly journals 273 Impacts of commingling on health and productive responses of beef heifers during feedlot receiving

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 193-194
Author(s):  
Jacob Wiegand ◽  
Reinaldo F Cooke ◽  
Alice Brandão ◽  
Kelsey Schubach ◽  
Eduardo Colombo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Stress Reactions ◽  
Beef Heifers ◽  
Mineral Supplement ◽  
Feed Withdrawal ◽  
Access To Water ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Daily Gain

Abstract This experiment compared physiological, health, and performance responses of beef heifers assigned to different commingling schemes (1, 2, or 4 sources/pen) during a 56-d feedlot receiving period. Ninety-six recently weaned Angus-influenced heifers were purchased from a commercial auction facility. Heifers originated from 4 cow-calf ranches, and were reared in the same herd within each ranch since birth. Heifers were loaded by source into commercial livestock trailers at the auction yard, and transported for 8 h to stimulate the stress of a long haul. Heifers were not mixed with cohorts from other sources prior to and at the auction yard. Upon arrival at the receiving yard (d -2), shrunk body weight (BW) was recorded, and heifers were maintained in 4 paddocks by source with ad libitum access to hay, water, and a mineral supplement for 36 h. On d 0, heifers were ranked by source and shrunk BW and allocated to 1 of 24 drylot pens (4 heifers/pen) containing: 1) heifers from a single source (NOCOM, n = 8 pens), 2) heifers from 2 sources (COM2, n = 8 pens), or 3) heifers from 4 sources (COM4, n = 8 pens). From d 0 to 55, heifers had free-choice access to water and a total-mixed ration. Heifers were assessed for bovine respiratory disease (BRD) signs and feed intake was recorded from each pen daily. Blood samples were collected from all heifers on d 0, 6, 13, 27, 41, and 55, and shrunk BW (after 16 h of water and feed withdrawal) was collected on d 56 for average daily gain (ADG) calculation. Final shrunk BW and ADG did not differ (P ≥ 0.83) between NOCOM, COM2, and COM4 heifers (0.85, 0.88, and 0.82 kg/d of ADG, respectively, SEM = 0.08). No treatment effects were detected (P ≥ 0.77) for feed intake and feed efficiency, as well as plasma concentrations of haptoglobin and cortisol. No treatment differences were noted (P ≥ 0.49) for morbidity (53.1, 68.7, and 56.2% of NOCOM, COM2, and COM4 heifers diagnosed with BRD, respectively; SEM = 9.7) or mortality during the experiment. A similar (P ≥ 0.97) proportion of NOCOM, COM2, and COM4 heifers diagnosed with BRD required at least two treatments to recover from sickness. In turn, a third treatment was not required for NOCOM heifers, which was less compared with COM4 (P = 0.05) and similar (P = 0.23) compared with COM2 heifers. Perhaps the number of heifers assigned to commingled pens, and resultant pre-existing social groups, was not sufficient to stimulate the stress reactions caused by social destabilization.

scholarly journals Beef cattle performance on signal grass pastures deferred and fertilized with nitrogen

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 1395-1402
Author(s):  
P.L. Amorim ◽  
D.M. Fonseca ◽  
M.E.R. Santos ◽  
R.M. Pimentel ◽  
J.P.P. Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Grazing Period ◽  
Signal Grass ◽  
Daily Gain

ABSTRACT The effect of four nitrogen levels (0, 40, 80 and 120kg N ha-1), applied before deferment on the beef cattle production and structural variables on Urochloa decumbens (signal grass) were assessed from January to October 2012 and from January to September 2013. A randomized block design with three replicates was adopted, in an arrangement of repeated measures in time (grazing period). An interaction effect between nitrogen level and grazing period was observed on extended-plant height and herbage mass. As the nitrogen levels were increased, extended-plant height, herbage mass, total herbage allowance, and efficiency of conversion of fertilizer into herbage were increased. Throughout the grazing period, pasture height, extended-plant height, percentage of leaves, herbage and morphological components allowance, and percentages of leaves and stems in the herbage apparently selected by the animal decreased. Nitrogen levels had no effect on average daily gain or gain per area in the first year. A fixed deferment period with increasing levels of nitrogen fertilization on signal grass pastures does not influence the average daily gain per animal, reduces the efficiency of the nitrogen fertilizer and negatively changes the structural characteristics of the pasture.

COMPARISON OF SILAGES FROM DENSELY SEEDED AND CONVENTIONALLY SEEDED CORN FOR BEEF STEERS

1986 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 431-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. G. NICHOLSON ◽  
G. BELANGER ◽  
P. L. BURGESS
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Productivity Loss ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Vitamin Supplement ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Daily Gain

Corn for silage was planted at two seeding rates (60 000 and 200 000 kernels ha−1) in three consecutive years and evaluated by determining yields, digestibility by sheep and performance of growing-fattening beef cattle fed the ensiled crops. Plant populations at harvest ranged over years from 53 000 to 63 000 plants ha−1 for conventional seeding and from 94 000 to 151 000 plants ha−1 for the dense seeding rate. Dense seeding increased whole-plant dry matter yield each year. Only in 1 year (1979) did dense seeding reduce the yield of dry matter in the whole ear or grain (P < 0.01). In the same crop year (1979) dense seeding reduced the dry matter and crude protein contents of the silage (P < 0.01) and the digestibilities by sheep of the dry matter and nitrogen were lower (P < 0.01) than for the conventionally seeded crop. In 2 years (1978 and 1979), when the silages were fed ad libitum with only a protein-mineral-vitamin supplement, the daily silage dry matter intake by beef cattle was lower (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05) and in 1979 the average daily gain (1.06 vs. 1.14 kg d−1) was lower (P < 0.01) with silage from the dense seeding. There were no significant differences in beef performance parameters (silage dry matter intake, daily gain, and efficiency of silage conversion to daily gain) in the third year when the silages were fed with ground barley. Dense seeding of corn for silage resulted in more beef production per hectare and provides a means of reducing productivity loss due to birds feeding on the ripening ears of corn. Key words: Corn, silage, beef, dense seeding, seeding rate

Effects of energy sources and inclusion levels of concentrate in sugarcane silage-based diets of finishing Nellore young bulls: Feeding behaviour, performance and blood parameters

2019 ◽  
Vol 157 (04) ◽  
pp. 350-356
Author(s):  
V. B. Ferrari ◽  
N. R. B. Cônsolo ◽  
R. T. Sousa ◽  
J. M. Souza ◽  
M. H. A. Santana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Behaviour ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Carbohydrate Supplementation ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Large Particles ◽  
Final Weight ◽  
Daily Gain

AbstractReplacing ground maize (GM) with steam-rolled maize typically increases feed efficiency in maize-silage-based diets. However, little is known about optimal carbohydrate supplementation in sugarcane silage-based diets. The objective was to quantify the effect of partially replacing GM with steam-rolled maize (SRM) or pelleted citrus pulp (PCP) at two concentrate levels (600 or 800 g/kg DM) in sugarcane-based diets on feeding behaviour, performance and blood parameters of finishing Nellore bulls. One hundred and eight young bulls were allocated to 36 pens in a randomized block design and fed for 84 d. Feeding 800 g/kg concentrate decreased time spending eating and ruminating, but improved G:F ratio, hot carcass weight and carcass dressing, compared to 600 g/kg concentrate. Bulls fed SRM and PCP diets with 600 g/kg concentrate had lower intake compared to GM. Both final weight and average daily gain decreased when bulls were fed PCP and SRM with 600 g/kg concentrate compared to GM diets, and when fed with PCP and 800 g/kg concentrate. Substituting PCP for GM decreased gain efficiency, carcass weight, rumination time and intake efficiency, indicating that the bulls consumed less feed per hour spent eating. Substituting SRM for GM increased backfat thickness and blood urea concentration. In conclusion, the replacement of GM with PCP reduces intake and enhances selection against large particles, decreasing rumination, performance and final carcass weight and dressing. Replacement of GM with SRM increases blood urea and fat deposition, with no impact on performance.

scholarly journals The Use of Coffee Husk as Napier Grass Substitution and Its Effect on Madura Cattle Performance

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 166
Author(s):  
Asep Sudarman ◽  
G B Listiawan ◽  
L Khodijah
Keyword(s):  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Napier Grass ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Coffee Husk ◽  
Feed Digestibility ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Daily Gain

This research aimed to evaluate the performance of fattened madura cattle fed on coffee husk as a source of fibre to substitute grasses. Twenty Madura steers aged approximately 1.5 to 2.0 years with initial weight of 165-190 kg were divided randomly into four different experimental diets, namely R0= 90% concentrates +0% coffee husk +10% napier grass, R1= 90 % concentrates +3.33% coffee husk +6.67% napier grass, R2 = 90% concentrate +10% 6.67% coffee husk +3.33% napier grass, R3 = 90% concentrates 90% + 10% coffee husk +0% napier grass. The feed was given at 3% body weight of dry mater. The cows were kept in individual pen for two months. Variables measured were dry mater intake, feed efficiency, average daily gain (ADG), digestibility of feed and income over feed cost. Data obtained were analyzed using analysis of variance based on randomized block design followed by Duncan’s multiple range test. Results showed that dry matter intake, ADG, feed efficiency and feed digestibility of cattle on each treatment of the feed were not significantly different (P > 0.05). Average of dry matter intake and daily gain for R0, R1, R2, and R3 were 6.01, 5.84, 5.73 and 5.62 kg/head/day and 0.88, 0.87, 0.84 and 0.93 kg/head/day respectively. While the average of feed efficiency and DM digestibility for R0, R1, R2, and R3 were 14.64, 14.89, 14.65 and 16.54 % and 84.82, 84.37, 83.47 and 83.30 %, respectively. It is concluded that the used of 10% coffee husk as a source of fibre for substitution of napier grass can be used without negative effect on madura’s cattle performances and tend to give higher values of IOFC on fattening program.

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