scholarly journals Indigenous protagonism in the context of food insecurity in times of Covid-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurício Soares LEITE ◽  
Aline Alves FERREIRA ◽  
Deise BRESAN ◽  
Jessica Rasquim ARAUJO ◽  
Inara do Nascimento TAVARES ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Social Vulnerability ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Parasitic Diseases ◽  
Direct Impact ◽  
High Burden ◽  
Institutional Violence ◽  
Access To Food ◽  
Sanitary Conditions

ABSTRACT In Brazil, indigenous peoples present a complex reality characterized by a marked social vulnerability that is manifested in health and nutritional indicators. In this scenario, poor sanitary conditions prevail, with a high burden of chronic noncommunicable diseases; infectious/parasitic diseases; and nutritional disorders, including malnutrition and anemia. This situation is reflected in numerous aspects of food insecurity, placing this population in a position of particular vulnerability to the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic and its effects. The objective of our study was to present a set of preliminary reflections on food insecurity and indigenous protagonism in times of Covid-19. The pandemic has deepened the inequalities that affect the indigenous peoples, with a direct impact on food security conditions. Amid the effects of the pandemic, indigenous protagonism has played a fundamental role in guaranteeing these peoples’ rights and access to food, denouncing the absent and slow official responses as acts of institutional violence, which will have serious and lasting effects on the lives of indigenous peoples.

Health and Environmental Tolls of Protracted Conflicts in the Middle East and North Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 120 (830) ◽  
pp. 339-345
Author(s):  
Jeannie Sowers ◽  
Erika Weinthal
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Public Debates ◽  
War Zones ◽  
Access To Food

The effects of conflict on public health and ecosystem well-being are understudied and rarely figure in public debates about war-making. Protracted conflicts are particularly damaging to people and environments in ways that are inadequately documented. In recent wars in the Middle East and North Africa, parties to the conflicts have induced hunger and displacement and undermined public health through the use of violence and economic policies that deprive civilians of access to food, water, fuel, and livelihoods. Environmental pollution is widespread, particularly in cities that became war zones, while the COVID-19 pandemic has deepened conflict-induced poverty and food insecurity.

scholarly journals Starving to be a student: The experiences of food insecurity among undergraduate students in Nova Scotia, Canada

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-125
Author(s):  
Meredith Bessey ◽  
Lesley Frank ◽  
Patricia L. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Food Banks ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Funding Programs ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
Access To Food ◽  
Student Funding

Household food insecurity (HFI) exists when access to food is inadequate or insecure due to financial constraints, and is an issue of increasing concern among postsecondary students who face barriers to food access due to precarious finances. The goal of the current study was to explore the experience of HFI among university students in Nova Scotia (NS), including barriers and facilitators, and potential policy solutions to the issue from the perspective of students. Twelve semi-structured, in-depth interviews were conducted with students experiencing HFI from across NS. Phenomenological analysis was undertaken, using Radimer’s model of HFI as a theoretical framework. Key aspects of the experience of food insecurity in this sample included all four dimensions of Radimer’s model of HFI: quantitative, qualitative, psychological, and social. The main contributing factor to student’s difficulties accessing food was inadequate and precarious finances. Students highlighted various coping mechanisms, such as utilizing food banks, budgeting their money, and buying food in bulk. This study is an important next step to a better understanding of the experience of student HFI in NS, building on previous quantitative research. Findings suggest that while the experience of HFI has many similarities with the experience in other populations, students experience tensions between independence and reliance on their family and have unique struggles related to government financial supports. The findings point to necessary policy changes related to student funding programs, and suggest that relying on campus food banks to solve the issue of HFI among students is inadequate.

scholarly journals Carencia alimentaria en municipios de Veracruz (2010 y 2015)

UVserva ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 35-46
Author(s):  
Lol ki Itzel López Galindo ◽  
Citlalli Aburto Guzmán ◽  
Cecilia Sofía Cortés Salazar ◽  
María Magdalena Álvarez Ramírez
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Food Deficit ◽  
Para Determinar ◽  
Access To Food

Los hogares con carencia alimentaria se definen como aquellos que presentan inseguridad alimentaria moderada o severa. Este indicador fue medido para los municipios de Veracruz, por Consejo Nacional de Evaluación de la Política de Desarrollo Social (CONEVAL) en los años 2010 y 2015. Los resultados fueron analizados estadísticamente en el presente trabajo para determinar tendencias, encontrando lo siguiente: el 46%, que equivale a 97 municipios, presentaron una disminución en la carencia por acceso a la alimentación mientras que el 54% (115 municipios) aumentaron en este indicador. Los municipios que presentaron mayor porcentaje de población en carencia en 2010, disminuyeron en 2015. Sin embargo para ese año (2015) en todos los municipios de Veracruz existió población con inseguridad alimentaria moderada o severa, por lo que se propone se considere una emergencia alimentaria cuando el 50% o más de la población presente inseguridad alimentariaPalabras clave: Seguridad alimentaria, carencia, ELCSA. Households with food deficit are defined as those with moderate or severe food insecurity. This indicator was measured for the municipalities of Veracruz, by CONEVAL (Consejo Nacional de Evaluación de la Política de Desarrollo Social) , in the years 2010 and 2015. The outcomes were statistically analyzed to determinate new tendencies, finding the following results: 46% which is equivalent to 97 communities, showed a decrease in the lack of access to food while 54% (115 municipalities) increased in this indicator. The municipalities that presented the highest percentage of population in need in 2010 decreased in 2015. However, for that year (2015), in all the municipalities of Veracruz there was a population with moderate or severe food insecurity, so it is proposed to consider a food emergency when 50% or more of the population has food insecurity.Keywords: Food Security, food deficit, ELCSA.

The Dynamics of Food Insecurity in Ethiopia

2017 ◽  
pp. 1177-1195
Author(s):  
Melak Mesfin Ayenew
Keyword(s):  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Land Policy ◽  
Calorie Intake ◽  
Purchasing Power ◽  
Policy Options ◽  
Food Expenditure ◽  
Access To Food ◽  
Daily Calorie Intake

This paper assesses the dynamics of food insecurity in Ethiopia and tests policy options and scenarios that could alleviate the problem in the future. The study assess food security based on the pillars; food availability, access to food and stability. A System Dynamics model is designed which integrate population, market and food production sectors and is used to analyze past and future developments. Model results show that both the food supplies and the purchasing power of the population were insufficient for ensuring the required daily calorie intake of the population. Land degradation contributed considerably to the poor average productivity of the land. Policy analyses show that policy options such as land rehabilitation and capacity building for skilled use of agricultural land, and inputs need to be combined carefully to account for their different implementation times. Scenarios on average rainfall and food expenditure show that the food production and the purchasing power of the population are considerably influenced by erratic rainfall and economic growth respectively.

Food Insecurity and Social Capital Among Middle School Students

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (8) ◽  
pp. 1127-1144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Don E. Willis ◽  
Kevin M. Fitzpatrick
Keyword(s):  
Middle School ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Seventh Graders ◽  
School Students ◽  
Northwest Arkansas ◽  
Limited Food ◽  
Theoretical Question ◽  
Access To Food ◽  
The Impact

This study examines the relationship between social capital, poverty, limited food accessibility, and food insecurity among fifth to seventh graders ( N = 317), ages 10 to 14, attending a middle school in Northwest Arkansas. Using survey data that overcomes methodological limitations of previous research on youth food insecurity, we answer the following questions: Does social capital have a direct impact on youth food insecurity? And, does social capital buffer the influence of negative circumstances on youth food insecurity? The broader theoretical question asks “In places where there is an abundance of natural, economic, and technological resources, what stands in the way of consistent access to food for everyone?” Regression analysis finds that various indicators of social capital have a significant relationship with food insecurity even after controlling for multiple sociodemographic and circumstantial factors. In addition, significant moderating effects reveal the unique capability of two-parent households to buffer the impact of poverty and limited accessibility.

scholarly journals Inconsistent Access to Food and Cardiometabolic Disease: The Effect of Food Insecurity

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darleen C. Castillo ◽  
Natalie L. M. Ramsey ◽  
Sophia S. K. Yu ◽  
Madia Ricks ◽  
Amber B. Courville ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disease ◽  
Effect Of Food ◽  
Access To Food

Competing Discourses of Household Food Insecurity in Canada

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 535-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zsofia Mendly-Zambo ◽  
Dennis Raphael
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Community Gardens ◽  
Food Distribution ◽  
Household Food Insecurity ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Feeding Programs ◽  
Household Food ◽  
Access To Food

Household food insecurity (HFI) impacts over 1.7 million households in Canada with adverse effects upon health. As a signatory to numerous international covenants asserting that access to food is a human right, Canadian governments are obliged to reduce HFI, yet Canadian governments have done remarkably little to assure that Canadians are food secure. In the absence of government action, HFI has spawned numerous non-governmental means of managing the problem such as food banks, feeding programs, and community gardens and kitchens. These efforts have depoliticized the problem of HFI, making its solution more difficult. Solving HFI is also complicated by the presence of five competing discourses of HFI in Canada: nutrition and dietetics, charitable food distribution, community development, social determinants of health, and political economy which offer differing causes and means of responding to HFI. We argue that the least considered discourse – the critical materialist political economy discourse – best accounts for the presence of HFI in a liberal welfare state such as Canada and provides the most effective means of responding to its presence.

scholarly journals Everyday Indigenous resurgence during COVID-19: a social media situation report

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 403-405
Author(s):  
Jeff Corntassel ◽  
Robynne Edgar ◽  
Renée Monchalin ◽  
Carey Newman
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Lived Experiences ◽  
Adverse Health ◽  
Adverse Health Outcomes ◽  
Indigenous Nations ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Indigenous Land

For Indigenous Nations on Turtle Island (Canada and the USA), the onset of COVID-19 has exacerbated food insecurity and adverse health outcomes. This situation report examines ways that Indigenous peoples on Turtle Island have met the challenges of the pandemic in their communities and their daily practices of community resurgence through social media. Drawing on the lived experiences of four Indigenous land-based practitioners, we found that social media can offer new forms of connection for Indigenous peoples relating to our foods, lands, waterways, languages, and our living histories.

scholarly journals Ophthalmic Parasitosis: A Review Article

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amal R. Nimir ◽  
Ahmed Saliem ◽  
Ibrahim Abdel Aziz Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Parasitic Diseases ◽  
Ocular Diseases ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Infectious Pathogen ◽  
Eye Infection ◽  
Sanitary Conditions ◽  
Shed Light

Ocular parasitosis in human is more prevalent in geographical areas where environmental factors and poor sanitary conditions favor the parasitism between man and animals. Lesions in the eye can be due to damage directly caused by the infectious pathogen, indirect pathology caused by toxic products, or the immune response incited by infections or ectopic parasitism. The epidemiology of parasitic ocular diseases reflects the habitat of the causative parasites as well as the habits and health status of the patient. An ocular examination may provide clues to the underlying disease/infection, and an awareness of the possibilities of travel-related pathology may shed light on an ocular presentation. This paper is a comprehensive review of the parasitic diseases of the eye. The majority of the clinically important species of parasites involved in eye infection are reviewed in this paper. Parasites are discussed by the disease or infection they cause.

scholarly journals Safe Food, Dangerous Lands? Traditional Foods and Indigenous Peoples in Canada

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tabitha Robin ◽  
Kristin Burnett ◽  
Barbara Parker ◽  
Kelly Skinner
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Food Sovereignty ◽  
Settler Colonialism ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Traditional Foods ◽  
Spiritual Well Being ◽  
Safe Food ◽  
Safety Rules

There is a deep and troubling history on Turtle Island of settler authorities asserting control over traditional foods, market-based and other introduced foods for Indigenous peoples. Efforts to control Indigenous diets and bodies have resulted in direct impacts to the physical, emotional, mental and spiritual well-being of Indigenous peoples. Food insecurity is not only a symptom of settler colonialism, but part of its very architecture. The bricks and mortar of this architecture are seen through the rules and regulations that exist around the sharing and selling of traditional or land-based foods. Risk discourses concerning traditional foods work to the advantage of the settler state, overlooking the essential connections between land and food for Indigenous peoples. This article explores the ways in which the Canadian settler state undermined and continues to undermine Indigenous food sovereignty through the imposition of food safety rules and regulations across federal, provincial, and territorial jurisdictions.

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