MINERAL NUTRITION IN THE TREE Calophyllum brasiliense Cambess. (Calophyllaceae)1

ABSTRACT Riparian and gallery forests located at the “arc of deforestation” have been undergoing fast degradation. With the implementation of the new Brazilian Forest Code (Law 12,651 of 2012), these can be reduced further. Thus, new studies on seedling production for ecological restoration should be carried out using native species from the Amazon and Cerrado. The objective of the present study was to assess under which shading levels the seedlings of Calophyllum brasiliense, a tree species typical of humid environments, show the highest values of growth and nutrient use efficiency, aiming at using these seedlings for restoration. The study was carried out in a plant nursery of the State University of Mato Grosso in Nova Xavantina, Brazil. We assessed seedling growth in diameter, height, number of leaves, production of shoot and root dry mass, Dickson quality index (DQI), and efficiency in the internal use of nutrients (EIUN) in greenhouses at 0 (full sunlight), 30, 50, 70, and 90% shading. The treatments at 50 and 70% shading showed the best results. Ecologically, the species responds well under both gap conditions (50% shading) and canopy or closing gap conditions (70% shading). Our results showed that the ideal conditions to produce seedlings of this species with high EIUN are obtained in greenhouses with 70% shading.

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Typhoon effects on litterfall in a subtropical forest

Canadian Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1139/x03-154 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 33 (11) ◽

pp. 2184-2192 ◽

Cited By ~ 53

Author(s):

Kuo-Chuan Lin ◽

Steven P Hamburg ◽

Sheng-lin Tang ◽

Yue-Joe Hsia ◽

Teng-Chiu Lin

Keyword(s):

Boreal Forests ◽

Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Subtropical Forest ◽

Nutrient Loss ◽

Wind Disturbance ◽

Broadleaf Forest ◽

Nutrient Use ◽

Use Efficiency ◽

Fushan Experimental Forest

The litterfall in a subtropical broadleaf forest within the Fushan Experimental Forest in northeastern Taiwan was monitored for 9 years. Mean annual litterfall was very sensitive to typhoon frequency and intensity, ranging from 3 to 11 Mg·ha1·year1. Litterfall was significantly higher in years with strong typhoons than in years without typhoons, and the number of strong typhoons explained 82% of interannual variation in litterfall. Nutrient-use efficiency (dry mass/nutrients in litterfall) was high for N, but low for P compared with other tropical forests. This result supports the idea that the study forest is P limited but not N limited. Nutrient loss via litterfall represents a large percentage of aboveground biomass, especially during years with strong typhoons (e.g., 19%41%, 15%40%, 5%12%, for N, P, and K, respectively). Forests that experience infrequent wind disturbance (e.g., temperate or boreal forests) can gradually regain any lost nutrients prior to the next disturbance; this is different from the situation observed in the Fushan Experimental Forest. At Fu-shan the pattern of not responding to typhoons with a flush of new growth appears to be an adaptation to the frequency with which there are multiple typhoons affecting the forest in a single year. Nutrient loss in litterfall caused by frequent typhoon disturbances appears to limit tree growth and contributes to the very low canopy height of the Fushan Experimental Forest.

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Production of papaya seedlings and initial growth produced in different polyethylene recipients

Scientific Electronic Archives ◽

10.36560/14820211431 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (8) ◽

Author(s):

M. Marcolin ◽

J. A. Massaroto ◽

R. N. Souza ◽

R. R. Rocha

Keyword(s):

Dry Weight ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Initial Growth ◽

State University ◽

Mato Grosso ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Green Matter ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

Polyethylene Bags ◽

Completely Randomized Design

The objective of this study was to evaluate the vegetative and productive performance of papaya seedlings in response to different volumes of containers. The experiment was conducted in a seedling production nursery at the State University of Mato Grosso (UNEMAT), Campus de Nova Mutum - MT, using a completely randomized design with five replications, in which four sizes of polyethylene bags were tested in the production of seedlings: 10 x 16 cm, 15 x 21 cm, 17 x 27 cm and 20 x 21 The plots were composed of 3 plants. The parameters evaluated at 70 days after sowing were: plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, root length, green matter mass and percentage of dry weight of the stem, leaves and roots. The container 17 x 27 cm stood out from the other containers, except for the characteristics of the length of the stem, percentage of dry mass of the stem and leaves where it was equivalent to the container 20 x 21 cm and the percentage of dry mass where all containers were equivalent. The experiment showed that the 17 x 27 cm container is the most recommended for the cultivation of papaya seedlings cultivar Sunrise Solo.

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Growth, Physiology and Nutrient Use Efficiency in Eugenia dysenterica DC under Varying Rates of Nitrogen and Phosphorus

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants9060722 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 722 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Daniele Nogueira dos Reis ◽

Fabiano Guimarães Silva ◽

Reginaldo da Costa Santana ◽

Thales Caetano de Oliveira ◽

Mariângela Brito Freiberger ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electron Transport ◽

Electron Transport Rate ◽

Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Brazilian Cerrado ◽

Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽

Growth Physiology ◽

Nutrient Use ◽

Use Efficiency ◽

Eugenia Dysenterica

The production of high-quality seedlings and their use in commercial planting reduce pressure on natural areas. Eugenia dysenterica DC is a native fruit tree from the Brazilian Cerrado, whose nutritional requirements are still unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) supplementation on the physiology, growth and nutrient uptake, and use efficiencies of E. dysenterica seedlings grown in glasshouse conditions. The following rates were used in separate experiments: 0, 50, 100, 200, and 400 mg dm−3 N and 0, 100, 200, 400, and 600 mg dm−3 P. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block with four replications. The lowest N rate (50 mg dm−3) increased the stomatal conductance (gS) and, consequently, resulted in the highest transpiration (E), electron transport (ETR), and photosynthetic (A) rates. Also, rates of 50 mg dm−3 and 100 mg dm−3 N increased the Root Uptake Efficiency (RUE) and plant Nutrient Use Efficiency (NUE) for macronutrients and the RUE for micronutrients, stimulating plant growth. Phosphorous fertilization resulted in the maximum values for photosynthesis, electron transport rate, total dry mass, and NUE at the 200 mg dm−3 rate. The results of this study suggest that fertilization with 50 mg dm−3 N and 200 mg dm−3 P is suitable for the development of E. dysenterica seedlings.

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SUBSTRATE VOLUMES AND APPLICATION OF PACLOBUTRAZOL FOR ORNAMENTAL PEPPER PRODUCTION

JOURNAL OF NEOTROPICAL AGRICULTURE ◽

10.32404/rean.v6i3.3342 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Naine Parladore ◽

Abimael Gomes da Silva ◽

Edilson Costa ◽

Flávio Ferreira da Silva Binotti ◽

Laura Araújo Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Index ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Diameter Ratio ◽

Stem Diameter ◽

State University ◽

Mato Grosso ◽

Mato Grosso Do Sul ◽

Dickson Quality Index

The objective was to evaluate the quality of ornamental pepper seedlings, cultivar Pyramid, in different substrate volumes, with foliar application of paclobutrazol (PBZ).The experiment was carried out at the Mato Grosso do Sul State University - UEMS, in Cassilândia - MS. The experimental design was completely randomized, in a 2 x 2 factorial scheme (growth container x foliar application of PBZ) with four replicates of 36 seedlings each. Plastic trays (cells with a volume of 50 mL) and polystyrene trays (Isopor®, 100 mL cells) were used as containers. The treatments were: polystyrene tray with PBZ application; polystyrene tray without PBZ application; plastic tray with PBZ application and plastic tray without the application of PBZ. Plant height, root length, stem diameter, shoot dry mass, root dry mass, total dry mass, height/stem diameter ratio (H/D), shoot/root ratio (S/R) and Dickson quality index were evaluated. Foliar application of paclobutrazol resulted in robust pepper seedlings with reduced size, suitable and desirable characteristics for ornamental purposes. The polystyrene trays with higher volume cells (100 mL) contributed to the higher quality of ornamental pepper seedlings.

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Levels of Shading and Reflective Material in Benches for Schizolobium amazonicum Seedlings

Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.5539/jas.v11n5p485 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 485

Author(s):

Roberto Kennedy Mortate ◽

Edilson Costa ◽

Gustavo Haralampidou da Costa Vieira ◽

Heitor Franco de Sousa ◽

Renato Silva Borges ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dry Mass ◽

Joint Analysis ◽

State University ◽

Mato Grosso ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Absolute Growth ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Commercial Forest ◽

Positive Effect ◽

Mato Grosso Do Sul

High quality forest seedlings are essential for the implementation of a commercial forest system, and it is therefore necessary to study their development in different environments, seeking to identify the most favorable environment for their production. In view of the above, the purpose of this essay was to evaluate the production of quamwood seedlings in different environments and workbenches with reflective material. The study was conducted at the State University of Mato Grosso do Sul-Cassilândia-MS from August to November 2017, in a completely randomized design within each environment and the environments compared by the joint analysis of the data. At the opportunity, produced quamwood seedlings under shade levels of 0% (full sun), 30% under sombrite, 35% under thermo-reflective screen and the agricultural greenhouse with thermo-reflective screen under the film with 42/50% shading. In the interior of each environment the seedlings were placed on cultivation benches with reflective material (aluminum paper) and without reflective material. The environments were compared by the joint analysis, and the results of molt height and lap diameter were measured at 30, 55 and 72 days after transplanting. The experiment was completed at 72 days after transplanting and the destructive analysis of the seedlings was performed, subjecting them to drying in a forced ventilation oven until reaching a constant dry mass. Based on the results obtained, the total dry mass, height and diameter ratio, root dry mass ratio and dry mass root system, absolute growth rate and Dickson quality index were calculated. The protected environments were favorable to the formation of paricá seedlings. The environment in full sun formed small, but more rustic seedlings. The use of reflective material had a positive effect only in the plastic coverage environment with 42/50% shading screen.

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Phosphate and nitrogen fertilization in the production of Barueiro (Dipteryx alata Vog.) seedlings

Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura ◽

10.1590/0100-29452019008 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 41 (6) ◽

Author(s):

Erika Katianne Costa Pinho ◽

Ana Claudia Costa ◽

Cesar Crispim Vilar ◽

Manoel Euzébio de Souza ◽

Aline Borges Vilela Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nitrogen Fertilization ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Phosphorus Concentration ◽

State University ◽

Mato Grosso ◽

Phosphate Fertilization ◽

Nitrogen Concentrations ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

Plant Stem ◽

Dipteryx Alata

Abstract Barueiro (Dipteryx alata Vog.), a fruit tree native to the Brazilian cerrado, has aroused the interest of producers and consumers due to its almond highly appraised and valued by local markets. To obtain quality barueiro seedlings, balanced fertilization is required, with special attention to the supply of phosphorus and nitrogen, essential for seedling growth and establishment in the field. The aim of this study was to evaluate the growth of barueiro seedlings produced with different phosphate and nitrogen concentrations in Nova Xavantina – MT. The experiment was conducted at the seedling nursery of the Mato Grosso State University (UNEMAT), Campus of Nova Xavantina - MT, from December 2017 to April 2018. The experimental design was randomized blocks (DBC), in a 5 × 2 factorial scheme, corresponding to 5 phosphorus concentrations and 2 nitrogen concentrations, with 10 treatments, 4 blocks and 10 plants per plot, totalizing 400 seedlings. The applied concentrations were 0, 150, 300, 450 and 600 mg kg-1 P2O5 and 0 and 250 mg kg-1 N. The following variables were evaluated: plant height, plant stem diameter, number of leaves, number of leaflets, fresh and shoot and root dry mass and Dickson’s Quality Index. Significant interaction between phosphorus and nitrogen concentrations for all traits evaluated was observed, except for root dry mass. The greatest growth of barueiro seedlings was obtained when the highest phosphorus concentration (600 mg kg-1de P2O5) was used, associated to nitrogen fertilization of 250 mg kg-1. There was no isolated effect of phosphate fertilization on the growth of barueiro seedlings without nitrogen application.

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Biomass accumulation, extraction and nutrient use efficiency by cover crops

Research Society and Development ◽

10.33448/rsd-v9i10.9433 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (10) ◽

pp. e9969109433

Author(s):

Valdevan Rosendo dos Santos ◽

Leonardo Correia Costa ◽

Antonio Márcio Souza Rocha ◽

Cícero Gomes dos Santos ◽

Márcio Aurélio Lins dos Santos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Biomass Production ◽

Cover Crops ◽

Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽

Biomass Accumulation ◽

Pigeon Pea ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Area Index ◽

Nutrient Use ◽

Use Efficiency ◽

Mass Accumulation

The high biomass production of certain cover crops species is due to their high absorption capacity and nutrients use efficiency. Its potential for biomass production it is important to obtain productive plants using nutritional information especially in environments with low nutrient apport. The objective was to evaluate the biomass accumulation, extraction and nutrient use efficiency by cover crops growing in a soil of low fertility. The treatments were arranged in four randomized blocks, composed of seven cover crops: sunn hemp, spectabilis, pigeon pea forage, pigeon pea arbore, lab lab, jack bean and mucuna. To evaluate dry mass accumulation, crop growth rate and leaf area index, six plants were used in different times: 30, 45, 60, 75, 90 and 105 days after sowing. The cover crops differed in vegetative cycle, dry mass accumulation, yield, extraction and nutrient use efficiency, with better performance presented by pigeon pea arbore. The cover crops are good recyclers of nutrients, particularly nitrogen, potassium and calcium and have potential for use in the cultivation systems in the Northeast of Brazil.

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Tomato Production in Florida Using Fertigation Technology

EDIS ◽

10.32473/edis-hs1392-2020 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 (5) ◽

Author(s):

Mary Dixon ◽

Guodong Liu

Keyword(s):

Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽

Health Benefits ◽

Vegetable Crop ◽

High Demand ◽

Tomato Production ◽

Nutrient Use ◽

Use Efficiency

Tomato is in high demand because of its taste and health benefits. In Florida, tomato is the number one vegetable crop in terms of both acreage and value. Because of its high value and wide acreage, it is important for tomato production to be efficient in its water and nutrient use, which may be improved through fertigation practices. Therefore, the objective of this new 7-page article is to disseminate research-based methods of tomato production utilizing fertigation to enhance yield and nutrient use efficiency. Written by Mary Dixon and Guodong Liu, and published by the UF/IFAS Horticultural Sciences Department.https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/hs1392

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Connecting Crop Nutrient Use Efficiency to Future Soil Productivity

10.24047/bc10248 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 102 (4) ◽

pp. 8-10

Author(s):

Fernando García ◽

Andrés Grasso ◽

María González Sanjuan ◽

Adrián Correndo ◽

Fernando Salvagiotti

Keyword(s):

Nutrient Management ◽

Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Crop Productivity ◽

Soil Productivity ◽

Nutrient Use ◽

Grain Crop ◽

Wide Scale ◽

Use Efficiency

Trends over the past 25 years indicate that Argentina’s growth in its grain crop productivity has largely been supported by the depletion of the extensive fertility of its Pampean soils. Long-term research provides insight into sustainable nutrient management strategies ready for wide-scale adoption.

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