Sheep manure fertilization in Mimosa caesalpiniifolia in an Albaquult

ABSTRACT The use of organic fertilizers can increase the production of forest species for the extraction of wood from monoculture stands or integrated systems. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of applying doses of sheep manure on the biometric traits of Mimosa caesalpiniifolia (‘sabiá’) in a silviculture system in an area previously occupied by native degraded pasture in an Albaquult. The experimental design was randomized blocks with four repetitions, with treatments corresponding to five doses of sheep manure per plant: 0, 2, 4, 8, and 12 kg in the first year, while in the second year the double of the doses (0, 4, 8, 16 and 32 kg per plant) were applied as topdressing under the canopy. The following biometric variables were evaluated: height (H); root collar diameter (RCD); diameter at breast height (DBH); above-ground dry weight (AGDW); accumulation of nutrients (aerial part); and soil fertility. The plants were responsive to the organic fertilization regarding the variables H, DBH, and AGDW. The sheep manure increased the mean values of pH, P, K, Ca, Mg, SB, CEC, BS, S-SO4 2- and Zn, and reduced the potential acidity in the 0-0.20 m soil layer. The organic matter variable increased up to the dose of 13.70 kg per plant. The accumulation rates of macro and micronutrients in the ‘sabiá’ plants were N > Ca > K > Mg > P > S and Fe > Mn > B > Zn > Cu, respectively.

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STUDIES ON FOLIC ACID IN INFANCY

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.33.4.507 ◽

1964 ◽

Vol 33 (4) ◽

pp. 507-511

Author(s):

Yehuda Matoth ◽

Ariela Pinkas ◽

Rina Zamir ◽

Fouad Mooallem ◽

Nathan Grossowicz

Keyword(s):

Folic Acid ◽

Folinic Acid ◽

Economic Status ◽

Mean Value ◽

First Year ◽

Mean Values ◽

Healthy Infants ◽

Initial Drop ◽

The Mean ◽

One Year

The level of folic and folinic acid in whole blood was assayed in 373 healthy infants from birth to one year. Folic acid was high at birth and dropped gradually over the first 8 postnatal weeks. The mean value for the remainder of the first year was significantly below the adult mean. Folinic acid was likewise high at birth and dropped parallel with the folic acid. However, following the initial drop, folinic acid mean values remained well above the adult mean. Folic and folinic acid values were higher in breast-fed than in artificially fed infants and lower in infants whose economic status was poor than in babies belonging to families of higher income.

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Sewage sludge and rice husk as potential substrate to produce Mimosa setosa seedlings

Advances in Forestry Science ◽

10.34062/afs.v7i3.10011 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 1111-1119

Author(s):

Julio Cezar Tannure Faria ◽

Marcos Vinícius Winckler Caldeira ◽

William Macedo Delarmelina ◽

Erick Martins Nieri ◽

Denys Santana Souza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sewage Sludge ◽

Rice Husk ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Weight Ratio ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Root Collar Diameter ◽

Root Dry Weight ◽

Shoot Dry Weight ◽

Collar Diameter ◽

Root Collar

In the production of forest seedlings one of the main factors to be analyzed is the formulation of the substrate that meets the needs of the plants that will be produced. For this, the choice of substrate must consider the physical characteristics of the material, its chemical composition, as well as its availability, quality, easy handling and cost. This study aimed to investigate the potential of sewage sludge and rice husk for the production of seedlings of Mimosa setosa. The experiment was conducted in structures of a forest nursery, localized in the municipality of Alegre-ES, in 110 cm³ tubes arranged in a completely randomized design constituted by ten treatments with four replications of 54 seedlings per plot. The treatments were formulated using sewage sludge, raw rice husks and carbonized rice husk. At five months after sowing we measured plant height, root collar diameter, height/diameter ratio, shoot dry weight, root dry weight, total dry matter, shoot to root dry weight ratio and Dickson Quality Index. The substrates formulated with carbonized rice husk promoted the best results for all morphological characteristics analyzed. The multivariate analysis showed higher correlation of treatments with carbonized rice husk (T6, T7, T8 and T9) regarding height, root collar diameter, root dry weight, shoot dry weight and total dry matter. For the production of Mimosa setosa seedlings the best responses resulted from the substrate formulated with 60% sewage sludge + 40% carbonized rice husk.

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Effect of academic stress on physical activity level and cognitive functions in first year medical students: An observational study

Asian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3126/ajms.v11i5.29323 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 8-11

Author(s):

Jitendra Sorout ◽

Satyanath Reddy Kodidala ◽

Harsha Soni ◽

Priyanka Singh ◽

Nirmal Sharma

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Medical Students ◽

Cognitive Functions ◽

Physical Activity Level ◽

Activity Level ◽

First Year ◽

Mean Values ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean ◽

First Year Medical Students

Background: Newly admitted medical students experience a different curriculum, which can be a stressor and may be the reason of stress during student life. Stress may affect physiological, psychological and cognitive functions of the students. Aims and Objective: Aim of the study was to assess the effect of academic stress on physical activity level and cognitive functions in first year medical students. Materials and Methods: This observational study was conducted on 30 healthy newly admitted medical students (18 -25 years). The data was collected thrice, baseline, after two months and after four months. Stress was assessed by using DASS and Cohen perceived stress scale (PSS). GPAQ was used to estimate the physical activity level. And cognitive functions were assessed by using subjective method (MMSE questionnaire) and objective method (P300). Results: No significant difference of mean values of age, height, weight, BMI, physical activity level, DASS score, PSS and P300 latency were observed over the time to which recording was taken. The mean score of PAL represents the high physical activity. But the score of DASS and PSS represent severe and moderate stress level respectively. The significant difference was seen in the mean values of MMSE score and P300 amplitude over the time to which recording taken. Conclusion: The present study results we can conclude that students have stress during their academic period. And this stress might be helpful in potentiating the cognitive functions with the optimum physical activity.

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Morphological attributes of oriental spruce [ Picea orientalis (L.) Link.] seedlings grown in peat-based media amended with natural zeolite

Acta Agronomica Hungarica ◽

10.1556/aagr.55.2007.3.13 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 55 (3) ◽

pp. 363-373

Author(s):

S. Ayan ◽

F. Tilki

Keyword(s):

Natural Zeolite ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Growth Media ◽

Shoot Height ◽

Morphological Attributes ◽

Shoot Dry Weight ◽

Medium Components ◽

Collar Diameter ◽

Root Collar ◽

Oriental Spruce

This study was designed to investigate the influence of growth media consisting of different components on the morphological attributes of oriental spruce seedlings. Eighteen different combinations of Barma peat (BP), tea residue compost (CTR), fine pumice (FP), coarse pumice (CP), perlite (P) and zeolite (Z) were prepared as growth media.The growth medium components did not significantly affect the shoot height (SH), root collar diameter (RCD), shoot:root ratio or dry root percentage (DRP) of 2-year-old seedlings. However, the root dry weight (RDW) and shoot dry weight (SDW) showed significant differences between the different growth media. The maximum SDW (3.244 g) was determined for a mixture of BP (0.5) + CTR (0.2) + CP (0.2) + Z (0.1), while a mixture of BP (0.6) + P (0.2) + Z (0.2) resulted in minimum SDW (1.593 g). In addition, the maximum RDW (1.824 g) was determined for the BP (0.5) + CTR (0.2) + CP (0.2) + Z (0.1) medium, while the BP (0.6) + CP (0.2) + Z (0.2) medium resulted in the lowest RDW (1.013 g). The addition of zeolite to the growth media increased the SDW and RDW of oriental spruce seedlings, so natural zeolite could be used as a substrate to replace pumice and perlite in nurseries in Turkey. Since Turkey has 45.8 billion tonnes of zeolite, its use in nurseries could reduce the costs significantly.

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Growth responses of field-grown loblolly pine to chronic doses of ozone during multiple growing seasons

Canadian Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1139/x89-126 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 19 (7) ◽

pp. 821-831 ◽

Cited By ~ 39

Author(s):

S. R. Shafer ◽

A. S. Heagle

Keyword(s):

Loblolly Pine ◽

Dose Response ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Growth Suppression ◽

Growth Responses ◽

Root Collar Diameter ◽

Growing Seasons ◽

Collar Diameter ◽

Root Collar ◽

Ambient Levels

Dose–response relationships were developed for ozone and four full-sib families of Pinustaeda L. Seedlings were planted in field plots in open-top chambers near Raleigh, North Carolina, and exposed daily during three growing seasons (1985, 1986, and 1987) to ozone at concentrations from 0.022 to 0.092 μL/L of air (seasonal mean concentrations for the daily exposure period 08:00 to 20:00 eastern standard time). Plants were harvested on five dates during the study to quantify effects of ozone on growth. Ozone suppressed stem height, root collar diameter, total branch length, and (or) dry weights of above-ground parts of plants in three families, but response to ozone depended upon dose, family, and the plant part measured. One family exposed during 1985 and 1986 did not exhibit significant growth responses to ozone. The family that exhibited the greatest growth suppression in 1985 and 1986 was exposed during the 3rd year, and ozone continued to reduce growth. Suppression of root dry weight was observed after three seasons of exposure. Root collar diameter and dry weight of stem + branches (without needles) may be the most useful measurements of growth response in multiple-year experiments. Dose–response models predicted that ambient levels of ozone could reduce growth relative to the growth predicted for chronic exposure to half-ambient levels (charcoal-filtered air). For aboveground woody tissue, this suppression ranged from 0 to 19% among the four families after two seasons of exposure and was 13% for the most sensitive family after three seasons.

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Selenyum Uygulaması ile Yetiştirilen Adaçayı Bitkisinden Elde Edilen Hidrosollerin Çemen ve Kişniş Tohumlarının Çimlenmesi Üzerine Etkisi

Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology ◽

10.24925/turjaf.v7isp2.36-40.3099 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (sp2) ◽

pp. 36

Author(s):

Ferit Özen ◽

Gülsüm Yaldız ◽

Mahmut Çamlıca ◽

Halit Aşkın ◽

Abdurrahman Başol

Keyword(s):

Root Length ◽

Germination Rate ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Shoot Length ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Fenugreek Seeds ◽

Mean Values ◽

Shoot Ratio ◽

Root Shoot Ratio ◽

The Mean

This research was carried out in the climate chamber in order to determine the effect of hydrosols obtained from sage grown with selenium application on germination of fenugreek and coriander seeds. Different concentrations of sage hydrosol (2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10 ml) and purified water used as control were applied to the fenugreek and coriander seeds. Germination rate, fresh weight, dry weight, root length, shoot length and root / shoot ratio of fenugreek and coriander seeds were applied. Variance analysis was performed according to the split plot design and the mean values were compared with LSD test. According to the results of the research; germination rate of fenugreek seeds 38.35-51.00%, fresh weight 0.04-0.12 g, dry weight 0.001-0.035 g, root length 0.71-2.02 cm, shoot length 1.27-3.20 cm, root/shoot ratio varied between 0.34-0.82, germination rate of coriander seeds 18.61-39.21%, fresh weight 0.0011-0.034 g, dry weight 0.004-0.030 g, root length 1.5-4.58 cm, shoot length 1.08-3.69 cm, root/shoot ratio 0.47-2.51 were found. The highest germination rate was obtained in 2.5 ml dose of sage hydrosol (51.00%) in fenugreek seeds and the highest germination rate was found in 7.5 ml dose of sage hydrosol (39.21%) in coriander seeds.

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Effect of sowing pattern and density on the quality of one-year-old Austrian pine bareroot seedlings

REFORESTA ◽

10.21750/refor.10.03.86 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 25-30

Author(s):

Jovana Devetaković ◽

◽

Lučian Krinulović ◽

Ivona Kerkez Janković

Keyword(s):

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Average Height ◽

Root Collar Diameter ◽

Collar Diameter ◽

Bareroot Seedlings ◽

Forest Nurseries ◽

One Year ◽

Root Collar

Austrian pine (Pinus nigra Arnold) seedlings are frequently used for afforestation/reforestation and restoration practice in Serbia. Indeed, the seedlings of various stock types are produced by almost all forest nurseries in Serbia and bareroot seedlings are mostly common. The aim of this study is to analyze the method of sowing and sowing density on some morphological characteristics and quality of one-year-old Austrian pine seedlings. Sowing in rows and random sowing across all seedbed space were performed. In both cases, the sowing density (R1 - 8 g m-1, R2 - 40 g m-2) and half of the recommended sowing density (S1 - 4 g m-1, S2 - 20 g m-2) were applied. Seedlings from both treatments had average height and root collar diameter values in the range of 4.91 to 5.73 cm, and 1.25 to 2.34 mm, respectively. Observed characteristics of seedlings (height - H, root collar diameter - RCD, root length - RL, dry weight of shoot - SDW, root - RDW and seedlings - SLDW, sturdiness coefficient - SQ and quality index - QI) were conditioned by treatment (One-Way ANOVA, p<0.05). Shoot to root ration was similar at seedlings of all treatments and ranged from 1.33 to 1.63. In both cases, decreased density produced better results. The combination of lower sowing density (20 g m-2) and sowing in all seedbed areas (S2) provided the best seedlings with QI - 0.21.

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On the occurrence, origin, and intake of the nuclides, 210Po and 210Pb, in sclerotia of Wolfiporia cocos collected in China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research ◽

10.1007/s11356-021-18313-5 ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

Dagmara Strumińska-Parulska ◽

Jerzy Falandysz ◽

Aleksandra Moniakowska

Keyword(s):

Dry Weight ◽

Point Of View ◽

Raw Material ◽

Radiological Protection ◽

Radiation Doses ◽

Mean Values ◽

Medicinal Value ◽

In The Wild ◽

The Mean ◽

Effective Radiation

Abstract The dried sclerotium of the fungus Wolfiporia cocos is edible and has medicinal value. This study aimed to understand the accumulation of radioactivity arising from the alpha 210Po, and beta-emitting 210Pb, in the sclerotium’s shell and core and assess a potential effective dose for consumers. Sclerotia were collected in the wild and from cultivars in China’s Anhui and Yunnan provinces. The mean values of 210Po activity concentration levels were 0.36 Bq kg−1 dry weight in the core and 12.0 Bq kg−1 dw in the shell; 210Pb activities were 0.43 and 9.84 Bq kg−1 dw, respectively. The potential effective radiation doses from core layers (as a major raw material of the sclerotium) ranged from 0.13 to 3.43 µSv kg−1 dw from 210Po decay and from 0.11 to 1.52 µSv kg−1 dw from 210Pb decay. Corresponding values for shell ranged from 0.80 to 42.4 for 210Po and from 0.53 to 13.6 µSv kg−1 dw for 210Pb. In general, the intake of W. cocos sclerotia varies between consumers, but this would not significantly change the effective radiation doses from 210Po and 210Pb isotopes. The consumption thus appears to be safe from a radiological protection point of view. Graphical abstract

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Seedling Growth of Tectona grandis using Different Potting Mixture

Journal of Advances in Biology & Biotechnology ◽

10.9734/jabb/2021/v24i630218 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 17-24

Author(s):

G. E. Omokhua ◽

C. Fredrick ◽

C. N. Okakpu

Keyword(s):

Seedling Growth ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Tectona Grandis ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Leaf Number ◽

Cow Dung ◽

Root Collar Diameter ◽

Shoot Dry Weight ◽

Collar Diameter ◽

Root Collar

Aims: This study evaluated the influence of 11 potting media compositions on seedling growth and development of Tectona grandis. Study Design: The experiment was set up in a completely randomized design involving ten replicates. Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out at the Department of Forestry and Wildlife Management Nursery, University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria, between April 2019 and April 2020. Methodology: Ten (10) seedlings per sowing media including topsoil, topsoil and cow dung (2:1, 3:1), topsoil and poultry dung (2:1, 3:1), topsoil and pig dung (2.1, 3:1), topsoil and sawdust (2.1, 3:1), topsoil and mushroom substrate (2.1, 3:1) were selected and transplanted into polybags. Growth parameters (seedling height, root collar diameter, leaf number and biomass (shoot dry weight (SDW), root dry weight (RDW) and total dry weight (TDW)) were determined and subjected to analysis of variance. Results: Seedlings of T. grandis displayed significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) in height, root collar diameter, leaf number and biomass. Among treatments, tallest seedlings were observed in mixture of topsoil and poultry dung (3:1), at months 1 to 3 and in mixture of topsoil and cow dung (3:1) at months 4 and 5, highest root collar diameter was observed in mixture of topsoil and poultry dung (3:1) and highest leaf number was recorded in mixture of topsoil and poultry dung (2:1 and 3:1) and topsoil and cow dung (2:1 and 3:1) at months 1 to 5. The highest SDW was evident in mixture of topsoil and poultry dung (2:1) while highest RDW and TDW were observed in mixture of topsoil and cow dung (3:1). Lowest height, diameter, leaf number and biomass were recorded in topsoil (control) at months 1 to 5. Conclusion: The results revealed that among the tested mixtures, topsoil and poultry dung and topsoil and cow dung mixtures were the best for seedlings growth of T. grandis.

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Variation and climatic adaptation in northern populations of Datura stramonium

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b85-181 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 63 (7) ◽

pp. 1303-1308 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Susan E. Weaver ◽

Victor A. Dirks ◽

Suzanne I. Warwick

Keyword(s):

Seed Weight ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Datura Stramonium ◽

Population Variation ◽

Strongly Correlated ◽

Mean Values ◽

Percent Germination ◽

Canonical Variates ◽

The Mean ◽

Initial Seed

Between- and within-population variation for 21 quantitative characters was estimated for five populations of Datura stramonium originating along a climatic gradient ranging from southern Ohio, U.S.A., to Elgin County, Ont., Canada. Datura stramonium is a predominantly inbreeding, annual species with a distribution which is expanding northward in Ontario. Plants were grown from seed to maturity in the greenhouse under uniform conditions. The five populations differed significantly in the mean values of all measured characters. Canonical variates analyses were used to distinguish the populations on the basis of combined groups of characters. Canonical means of the five populations differed significantly for both seedling and mature plant characters, but the relative distance between populations varied for the two character sets. Levels of between- and within-family variation differed significantly among populations and from one character to another. Percent germination, seedling dry weight, and leaf area were strongly correlated with initial seed weight. Seed weight and cotyledon length increased and days to anthesis decreased with a decreasing length of the growing season.

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