scholarly journals The "Green Cities" Program: Strategies for enhancing space in the municipalities of Pará

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-74
Author(s):  
Jodival Mauricio da COSTA ◽  
Marie-Françoise FLEURY

In recent decades, the environmental issue has led to greater flexibility of spatial scales, using an environmental discourse to intervene on the ground. The State has been organising this space, using the environmental issue as justification, with specific laws containing spatial planning objectives, as well as allowing municipalities to carry out direct action in their territories to deal with the most urgent issues relating to land management. At the same time, as has happened with policy changes since the 1990s, public power has established territorial strategic alliances with the private sector in a way which has mainly favoured the latter. This article aims to show how this issue is dealt with in the Green Municipalities Program, which began in Southeast Pará in 2008. The results show a process of re-harnessing the economic value of the space using the discourse of "sustainable development".

Author(s):  
Muhammad Danish Siddiqui ◽  
Arjumand Z Zaidi

<span>Seaweed is a marine plant or algae which has economic value in many parts of the world. The purpose of <span>this study is to evaluate different satellite sensors such as high-resolution WorldView-2 (WV2) satellite <span>data and Landsat 8 30-meter resolution satellite data for mapping seaweed resources along the coastal<br /><span>waters of Karachi. The continuous monitoring and mapping of this precious marine plant and their <span>breeding sites may not be very efficient and cost effective using traditional survey techniques. Remote <span>Sensing (RS) and Geographical Information System (GIS) can provide economical and more efficient <span>solutions for mapping and monitoring coastal resources quantitatively as well as qualitatively at both <span>temporal and spatial scales. Normalized Difference Vegetation Indices (NDVI) along with the image <span>enhancement techniques were used to delineate seaweed patches in the study area. The coverage area of <span>seaweed estimated with WV-2 and Landsat 8 are presented as GIS maps. A more precise area estimation <span>wasachieved with WV-2 data that shows 15.5Ha (0.155 Km<span>2<span>)of seaweed cover along Karachi coast that is <span>more representative of the field observed data. A much larger area wasestimated with Landsat 8 image <span>(71.28Ha or 0.7128 Km<span>2<span>) that was mainly due to the mixing of seaweed pixels with water pixels. The <span>WV-2 data, due to its better spatial resolution than Landsat 8, have proven to be more useful than Landsat<br /><span>8 in mapping seaweed patches</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br /><br class="Apple-interchange-newline" /></span></span></span></span></span>


Author(s):  
Nir Kaplan ◽  
David Burg ◽  
Itzhak Omer

Accessibility is fundamentally thought to be related to functional, economic, and social performances of cities and geographical systems and, therefore, constitutes an essential aspect for spatial planning. Previous studies focused on cities or metropolitan scales, often disregarding their position within regional and national systems, which can greatly affect their performance. Although accessibility at various spatial scales has been examined, the studies focused on accessibility patterns at different scales, with no reference to the level of accessibility of cities over local, regional, and national scales simultaneously, i.e. multiscale accessibility. This study aims to elucidate the multiscale accessibility level of individual cities and examine its relationship to urban performance in the urban system of Israel. Spatial accessibility was analyzed using the space syntax methodology for the entire national road network across multiple geographic scales—from the local to the national scale. Based on three distinct spatial accessibility systems identified, a unique multiscale accessibility profile was created for individual cities in Israel. Subsequently, each city’s multiscale accessibility profiles were examined against urban performance indicators determined from urban scaling theory. We found that the superiority of cities characterized by high accessibility level plays a role not only for a specific scale but also over scales and spatial systems. Moreover, most urban performance indicators related to the multiscale accessibility profiles of cities, while some multiscale accessibility profiles can be related to over- or under-performance of cities. The findings suggest that pervasive accessibility across spatial scales is inherently connected to urban performance and may indicate on the implementation and interpretation of accessibility. These findings may assist in various aspects of spatial planning at various scales.


2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-175
Author(s):  
Edyta Bąkowska-Waldmann ◽  
Cezary Brudka ◽  
Piotr Jankowski

Abstract Geoweb methods offer an alternative to commonly used public participation methods in spatial planning. This paper discusses two such geoweb methods – geo-questionnaire and geo-discussion in the context of their initial applications within the spatial planning processes in Poland. The paper presents legal and organizational framework for the implementation of methods, provides their development details, and assesses insights gained from their deployment in the context of spatial planning in Poland. The analysed case studies encompass different spatial scales ranging from major cities in Poland (Poznań and Łódź) to suburban municipalities (Rokietnica and Swarzędz in Poznań Agglomeration). The studies have been substantiated by interviews with urban planners and local authorities on the use and value of Geoweb methods in public consultations.


2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 4613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong-Jeong Kim ◽  
Jaehun Park

Uzbekistan is paying great attention to the textile industry as an industry offering a traditional production advantage, coming to the conclusion that it is necessary to establish and implement effective policies. In Uzbekistan as in other developing countries, whereas there are many strategic directions and development strategies to be considered for key industries, investment resources are limited. Therefore, it is necessary to prioritize and to apply limited resources accordingly. Even though research on the textile industry in Uzbekistan is ongoing for a long time, most of the resultant literature concerns only general industrial trends and pertinent investment and advancement strategies. The present study examined sustainable, concrete, and effective development strategy directions for the Uzbekistan textile industry using strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analytic hierarchy process (AHP) model. The SWOT-AHP model was tested in a case study on Uzbekistan’s textile industry. In the case study, the results were presented in an illustrative way by utilizing the quantitative information achieved by the model. The results indicated that the weakness and opportunity (WO) strategy had the highest importance, and suggested accordingly that priority should be given to that strategy for Uzbekistan’s textile industry development. The results further suggested that the Uzbekistan government should endeavor to upgrade obsolescent technology and solve the problems of high-priced imported raw materials and workers’ low education level, which are weak points of the textile industry of that country. Also, Uzbekistan should gradually shift the industrial structure from raw cotton to finished textile exportation, which offers relatively high added economic value. To achieve this, the Uzbek government needs to promote joint ventures and strategic alliances with foreign companies wishing to enter the textile industry through foreign direct investment (FDI) schemes.


2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 403-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vimal Babu ◽  
Sandeep Munjal

Purpose – This study aims to investigate how Oachira Panthrandu Vilakku (twelve-lamp) festival in Oachira helps in providing economic benefits to local residents of the town during the pilgrimage season. Design/methodology/approach – Stakeholder interviews and focus-group roundtable discussions with multiple stakeholders were conducted. Findings – Policy changes have been studied and recommended for enhancing the economic value of the culturally embedded Panthrandu Vilakku festival celebrated in Oachira, Kerala, India. Practical implications – There is huge untapped potential for India’s festivals in India. While efforts are made to leverage these for economic gains, the negative impacts also need to be recognized and mitigated. Originality/value – The study is significant in the context of arresting economic leakage and promoting an ecosystem of decision-making at community level by the local residents.


Author(s):  
Silviana Lucia Henkes ◽  
Alexandre Fernandes Gastal ◽  
Priscila Mielke

O cidadão tem constitucionalmente assegurado o direito à cultura (artigo 215),assim como o dever de proteger o patrimônio cultural, já que o mesmo integra o meio ambiente (artigo 225 da CF∕88). Desse modo, o artigo tem como objetivo evidenciar a importância da participação social na preservação do patrimônio cultural, analisando os principais instrumentos jurídicos dispostos à consecução desta finalidade, como forma de assegurar a efetividade do direito-dever à cultura e à preservação do patrimônio cultural, além de garantir a equidade intergeracional no acesso à cultura e fruição do meio ambiente ecologicamente equilibrado. A utilização dos instrumentos jurídicos, de forma direta ou através da provocação dos entes legitimados, pela sociedade, potencializa a efetividade do novo regime jurídico-constitucional de direitos-deveres, tendo em vista que os instrumentos de tutela do patrimônio cultural específicos (inventário, registro, tombamento e desapropriação),  arrolados pela Constituição Federal de 1988 (artigo 216 §1º) dependem da ação direta do Poder Público e, na maioria deles, a participação social é relegada ao plano secundário, tornando-se perfunctória. A pesquisa estabelece a seguinte hipótese: a efetividade do direito à cultura depende da participação social na gestão e preservação do patrimônio cultural, inclusive, através da utilização dos instrumentos jurídicos de prevenção e reparação de danos, assim como, daqueles capazes de anular ou declarar nulos os atos lesivos. O trabalho foi desenvolvido a partir do método indutivo, foram usadas referências nacionais e estrangeiras. AbstractThe citizen has the right to culture constitutionally assured (article 215), as well as the duty to protect cultural heritage, once it integrates the environment (article 225 of the Federal Constitution, 1988). So, this article has the objective to show the importance of social participation in the preservation of the cultural heritage, analyzing the principal juridical instruments available to the consecution of this finality, as a way to assure the effectiveness of the right to culture and the preservation of the cultural heritage, besides guaranteeing the intergenerational equity in the access to culture and the fruition of the environment ecologically balanced. The use of the juridical instruments, directly or through the provocation of the legitimate, by society, potentiates the effectiveness of the right to culture, once the specific instruments of guardianship of the cultural heritage (inventory, registry, safekeeping and expropriation) mentioned in the Federal Constitution of 1988 (article 216, 1st §) depend on the direct action of the Public Power, and, in the majority of the instruments, social participation is relegated to a secondary plan, becoming perfunctory. The research establishes the following hipothesis:1) the effectiveness of the right to culture depends on the social participation in the management and preservation of the cultural heritage, including the use of the juridical instruments of prevention and repairing of damage, as well as those of cancellation and nullity of the harmful acts. Inductive method was applied to the work, and national and foreign references were used. KeywordsCultural heritage. Right to culture. Intergenerational equity. Environmental preservation. Juridical instruments.


2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 577-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Galiana-Martín

Abstract Expansion of the wildland-urban interface in countries in the European Mediterranean basin is increasing vulnerability to forest fires. Despite more effective extinction systems, this is still a growing problem. This article defends the importance of spatial planning (land-use and urban planning) and the need for systematic intervention to mitigate this wildfire risk. A critical review of the current situation, noting intervention focused on buildings and plots and insufficient action on intermediate spatial scales, is followed by the presentation of significant and relevant experiences in the European context.


2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Adam Maulana

<p class="Abstract"><em>The protected forest area has various functions for human living. The protected forest area is a strategic area which has a function to protect the biodiversity and macro climate, as well as water use balancer. The Act No. 12 of 2012 be the basic for Balikpapan City detailing the spatial planning (RTRW) to the detail spatial planning (RDTR) as the strategic areas of socio-cultural and the environment. The region includes three strategic areas, i.e. protected areas, education, and housing on the water. The concept of sustainable development that focuses on balancing environmental, social and economic become a macro approach to the preparation of a detailed plan for the third strategic area.Currently, the protected forest areas of Wain River and Manggar River currently indicate endangered in the future due to the growing activity over the land, as well as coal mining industry around protected areas. The article aims to determine the direction of development planned in the structuring of protected forest areas that could potentially reduce the impact of threats in the future. The results showed that the management of protected forest areas conducted through the concept of "developmental conservation". This concept was conducted through the collaboration role between the government as the regulator to the development of the natural attractions activity and the local communities as the main stakeholder of tourism development. This concept provides the protection conservation of protected forests at the same time generating economic value for local communities and government.</em><strong><em></em></strong></p>


Polar Record ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Paglia

Abstract This article provides an historical account and analysis of the repurposing of Ny-Ålesund from Arctic coalmining settlement to Norwegian-administered international research base in Svalbard. Three levels of analysis are employed to explain the settlement’s transformation and its rising geopolitical significance, focusing primarily on the period of rapid internationalisation and expansion of scientific activities starting in the late 1980s. The local level examines Norway’s efforts to maintain effective occupation of greater Kongsfjorden by promoting research, underpinned by the economisation of the area’s near-pristine natural environment as a non-extractive resource for science; the global level applies the concept of telecoupling to consider the role of events and processes at larger spatial scales that facilitated Ny-Ålesund’s transformation; and the “glocal” level explains how the interaction of Norwegian and global actors in the locality of Ny-Ålesund have collectively shaped the community’s institutions over some 30 years. The article also reflects on recent policy changes signalling more assertive Norwegian administration and greater coordination of research in Ny-Ålesund.


Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 791
Author(s):  
Bradley D. Pinno ◽  
Kazi L. Hossain ◽  
Ted Gooding ◽  
Victor J. Lieffers

Intensive silviculture is practiced in many parts of the world but is rare in the public forests of western Canada. Here, we make the argument that intensive silviculture could be justified in Alberta but has not been implemented due to philosophies and policy decisions by foresters from government, industry and academia. These include adherence to long rotations, management goals that are aimed at sustained total volume yield rather than economic value, limitations in the types of stands that are allowed to be regenerated and models that do not include intensive silviculture options. In Mixedwood Growth Model projections, we demonstrate the potential of intensive silviculture that includes combinations of selecting good sites and thinning to produce merchantable stands by age 50 compared to the standard rotation age of 80 with basic silviculture. There could be even more gains if forest level constraints in timber flow were removed due to the increased growth of regenerating stands. Finally, we examine the attitude and policy changes that we believe are necessary for adoption of more intensive silviculture systems on parts of Alberta’s forest landbase.


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