scholarly journals Preceptors in Medical Residency Programs: Epidemiological Profile and Pedagogic Training

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aderval de Melo Carvalho Filho ◽  
Almira Alves dos Santos ◽  
Rozangela Maria de Almeida Fernandes Wyszomirska ◽  
Isabella Costa Figueiredo Medeiros
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
The State ◽  
Public Institution ◽  
Medical Residency ◽  
Residency Programs ◽  
Service Training ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Epidemiological Profile ◽  
Mean Time

Abstract: Introduction: Medical Residency is a specialization course characterized as in-service training, considered in Brazil as the gold standard in the development of specialist physicians’ training. The medical residency preceptorship is an activity carried out by a specialist physician, responsible for monitoring resident physicians. However, there is neither a definition of the main requirements for such a preceptor, nor of his/her academic background to carry out the due teaching training, and it was possible to notice a relative lack of preparation regarding the pedagogical aspects. Methods: Descriptive study based on a quantitative approach, comprising 200 preceptors, of both genders, from medical residency programs in Maceió, state of Alagoas, Brazil. Results: The mean age was 43.31 ± 10.31 years, with a slight majority of female participants (52.5%). The mean time since graduation was 19.5 ± 10.58 years, and 83% of the participants had graduated in the state of Alagoas. Moreover, 78.5% said they had their Medical Residency certification, with an increased trend of public institution preceptors getting their degree at the stricto sensu level. The mean time of their completed postgraduate course was 12.63 ± 10.87 years and 7.07 ± 6.99 years being a preceptor. Only 19% mentioned they had some qualification for exercising the preceptorship, and 29.5% work as the teachers at the undergraduate level. The state of Alagoas has followed the expansion of the Residency programs, justifying the mean age found, similar to other studies. The majority of female participants can be associated with the feminization of health care professionals. The high percentage of preceptors with medical residency qualification is in accordance with Resolution n. 4/1978. We found experienced preceptors, but some authors differed. The low percentage of preceptors with qualification for exercising preceptorship indicates low interest and lack of available training. Conclusion: This study population is characterized as being young, and most are females. They have had long professional experience, and most have graduated in the state of Alagoas. There is a predominance of medical residency as their main qualification, and few of them have had training in the field. Finally, preceptors from public institutions have mostly got their degrees at the stricto sensu level.

scholarly journals Preceptores de Residência Médica: Perfil Epidemiológico e Capacitação Pedagógica

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aderval de Melo Carvalho Filho ◽  
Almira Alves dos Santos ◽  
Rozangela Maria de Almeida Fernandes Wyszomirska ◽  
Isabella Costa Figueiredo Medeiros
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
The State ◽  
Public Institution ◽  
Medical Residency ◽  
Residency Programs ◽  
Service Training ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Mean Time

Abstract: Introduction: Medical Residency is a specialization course characterized as in-service training, considered in Brazil as the gold standard in the development of specialist physicians’ training. The medical residency preceptorship is an activity carried out by a specialist physician, responsible for monitoring resident physicians. However, there is neither a definition of the main requirements for such a preceptor, nor of his/her academic background to carry out the due teaching training, and it was possible to notice a relative lack of preparation regarding the pedagogical aspects. Methods: Descriptive study based on a quantitative approach, comprising 200 preceptors, of both genders, from medical residency programs in Maceió, state of Alagoas, Brazil. Results: The mean age was 43.31 ± 10.31 years, with a slight majority of female participants (52.5%). The mean time since graduation was 19.5 ± 10.58 years, and 83% of the participants had graduated in the state of Alagoas. Moreover, 78.5% said they had their Medical Residency certification, with an increased trend of public institution preceptors getting their degree at the stricto sensu level. The mean time of their completed postgraduate course was 12.63 ± 10.87 years and 7.07 ± 6.99 years being a preceptor. Only 19% mentioned they had some qualification for exercising the preceptorship, and 29.5% work as the teachers at the undergraduate level. The state of Alagoas has followed the expansion of the Residency programs, justifying the mean age found, similar to other studies. The majority of female participants can be associated with the feminization of health care professionals. The high percentage of preceptors with medical residency qualification is in accordance with Resolution n. 4/1978. We found experienced preceptors, but some authors differed. The low percentage of preceptors with qualification for exercising preceptorship indicates low interest and lack of available training. Conclusion: This study population is characterized as being young, and most are females. They have had long professional experience, and most have graduated in the state of Alagoas. There is a predominance of medical residency as their main qualification, and few of them have had training in the field. Finally, preceptors from public institutions have mostly got their degrees at the stricto sensu level.

scholarly journals Judicial demand of medications through the Federal Justice of the State of Paraná

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato Mitsunori Nisihara ◽  
Ana Carolina Possebom ◽  
Luiza de Martino Cruvinel Borges ◽  
Ana Claudia Athanasio Shwetz ◽  
Fernanda Francis Benevides Bettes
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The State ◽  
Brand Name ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
Online System ◽  
Broad Variety ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Time

ABSTRACT Objective To describe the profile of lawsuits related to drug requests filled at the Federal Justice of the State of Paraná. Methods A cross-sectional study, and the data were obtained through consulting the lawsuits at the online system of the Federal Justice of Paraná. Results Out of 347 lawsuits included in the study, 55% of plaintiffs were women, with a median age of 56 years. Oncology was the field with more requests (23.6%), and the highest mean costs. A wide variety of diseases and broad variety of requested drugs were found in the lawsuits. Approximately two-thirds of them were requested by the brand name, and the most often requested drugs were palivizumab and tiotropium bromide. Only 14.5% of the requested medicines were registered in the National Medication Register. The Public Defender’s Office filled actions in 89.6% of cases and all lawsuits had an interim relief. The mean time for approval was 35 days and 70% of requests were granted. Conclusion Oncology was the field with the highest demand for medicines at the Federal Justice of Paraná in 2014. A great variety of medications was requested. The Public Defender´s Office represented most lawsuits. All demands had an interim relief, and the majority of requests were granted, within an average of 35 days.

scholarly journals Epidemiological profile and postoperative complications of women undergoing gynecological surgery in a reference center in the northern brazilian legal amazon

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 372-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sônia Maria Coelho ◽  
Elizabeth de La Trinidad Castro Perez ◽  
Cynthia Dantas de Macedo Lins ◽  
Mariano Tamura Vieira Gomes ◽  
Zsuzsanna Illona Katalin de Jármy Di Bella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pap Smear ◽  
Basic Education ◽  
The State ◽  
Complication Rates ◽  
Common Procedure ◽  
The Mean ◽  
State Capital ◽  
Sling Placement ◽  
Epidemiological Profile ◽  
Intraepithelial Lesions

Objective: To evaluate the epidemiological profile and the operative complications of patients undergoing gynecological operations for benign diseases in a tertiary public hospital in the state of Roraima, Brazil. Methods: We conducted a retrospective survey through the analysis of 518 records of patients submitted to gynecological operations between January and June 2012. We included the three major operations during this period (n = 175): hysterectomy, colpoperineoplasty and suburethral sling placement. We excluded 236 cases of tubal ligation and 25 cases where it was not possible to access to medical records. Results: The mean age was 47.6 years; the education level of most patients was completed junior high (36.6%); 77% were from the State capital, 47.4% were in stable relationships and 26.3% were housewives. The majority of patients had given birth three or more times (86.6%), with previous vaginal delivery in 50.2%, and cesarean delivery, 21%. The main diagnostic indications for surgical treatment were uterine myoma (46.3%), urinary incontinence (27.4%) and genital dystopias (17.7%). We found three cases (1.7%) of high-grade intraepithelial lesions on Pap smear. The most common procedure was total hysterectomy (19.8%), 15.5% vaginally. The most common complication was wound infection (2.2%). Conclusion: Women undergoing gynecological operations due to benign disease had a mean age of 47 years, most had levels of basic education, came from the capital, were in stable relationships, predominantly housewives, multiparous and showed low operative complication rates.

scholarly journals The Academic Performance of Scholarship Students during Medical School

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-169
Author(s):  
Glaucia de-Oliveira Moreira ◽  
Silvia Passeri ◽  
Paulo Eduardo Neves Ferreira Velho ◽  
Flavio Ferraresi ◽  
Simone Appenzeller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Medical School ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
Public Institution ◽  
Choice Test ◽  
Medical Residency ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Residency Programs

ABSTRACT The inclusion, adherence and success of low-income undergraduates are important goals in Brazilian higher education, as well as in other parts of the world, especially in busy and full-time courses such as medicine. This paper analyzes the performance of undergraduate medical students by comparing two groups: those who applied for and received a scholarship during the academic years (scholarship holders) and the others (without scholarship). We analyzed data from 417 medical students who graduated between 2010 and 2013, corresponding to four years of a retrospective cohort at a free public university in Brazil. Statistical analysis was performed using Fisher’s exact test, Student’s t test, Mann-Whitney test, and linear regression to compare the scores of these groups in the sixth and twelfth semesters (middle and final semesters) and in the admission exam for medical residency programs, consisting of: total score, multiple choice test for knowledge assessment, simulated structured clinical assessment, interview and written questions. The independent variable was to receive a scholarship, while the control variables were age, socioeconomic strata, extra gratuities for high school in public institution and self-declaration of race, score in the vestibular entry exam (general and in each area assessed) and parents’ level of education. A total of 243 students (58.2%) received a scholarship, most of them as a scientific initiation grant (217 or 89.3%), while 10.7% received social assistance, the average income per capita was about 16% lower among students who received a scholarship (p = 0.01) compared to those who did not. Scholarship recipients achieved better academic performance in the sixth (p<0.01) and in the twelfth (p<0.01) semester, but not in admission to medical residency programs. Good performance was independent of age, race, receipt of bonuses for admission to medical school, and educational background of their parents. Therefore, we conclude that receiving a scholarship at the undergraduate level was associated tobetter student performance during the undergraduate medical course. It is important to emphasize the importance of reinforcing similar programs, especially to help support students who are most vulnerable socioeconomically.

scholarly journals Screening on prenatal infections in the South and Southwest macro-regions in the State of Bahia, Brazil: detected on paper filter

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 681-690
Author(s):  
Simone Andrade Porto São Pedro ◽  
Carlos Alberto Lima da Silva ◽  
Mônica Cardozo Rebouças ◽  
Maria de Fátima Dias Costa
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Sickle Cell Trait ◽  
The State ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
The South ◽  
Prenatal Infections ◽  
Paper Filter ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Epidemiological Profile

Abstract Objectives: to estimate the detection rate on prenatal screening pathologies on paper filter in the South and Southwest in the State of Bahia, as well as to delineate the epidemiological profile of these pregnant women, calculate and estimate the rate of adherence and the coverage of the Program. Methods: a descriptive study was carried out from August 2013 to August 2015, and the data were obtained from the Labimuno/ICS/UFBA. Results: 64,743 pregnant women were included; the mean ages were 25 years for the Southwest macro-region and 23 for the South. The results on the screening tests showed positivity of 0.13% and 0.29% for HBsAg, 0.17% and 0.22% for cytomegalovirus, 0.07% and 0.09% for HCV, 0.13% and 0.38% for HTLV, 0.04% and 0.19% for HIV, 1.2% and 2.84% for syphilis, and 0.54% and 0.73% for toxoplasmosis in the Southwest and South macro-regions, respectively. The estimates on coverage were considered satisfactory. Sickle cell anemia showed positivity of 0.02% and of 0.04% and 5% and 6.3% presented sickle cell trait in the Southwest and South macro-regions, respectively. Conclusions: the frequencies of infections in maternal-fetal health were considered low, highlighting on syphilis and the presence for sickle cell trait.

scholarly journals Vascular surgery in the most populous state in the Amazon: socio-professional profile and aspirations of the specialty

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Maciel Caldas dos Reis ◽  
Deivid Ramos dos Santos ◽  
Inez Ohashi Torres ◽  
Nelson De Luccia
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Surgery ◽  
The State ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Medical Residency ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Venous Surgery ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Professional Profile ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background There is a dearth of studies conducted to understand the socio-professional profile of the vascular surgery specialty and the population demands of specific regions, which are needed to support creation of care policies and direct infrastructure improvements in healthcare. Objectives The purpose of this study was to describe the socio-professional profile of vascular surgeons in the state of Pará, Brazil, to guide creation of tools for professional improvement. Methods A cross-sectional, self-report survey was conducted in Pará using a questionnaire comprising 30 questions covering six main topics. Results All vascular surgeons actively practicing in the state participated in this study. The total number of specialists was 59, with 71.2% working in the greater Belém area and 16.9% exclusively practicing in the interior of the state. The mean age of these professionals was 48 ± 11.1 years, 86.4% of respondents were men, 64.4% of surgeons had completed medical residency, and 96.6% (n=57) of the surgeons would like to improve their skills in venous surgery, echo-guided vascular access, and endovascular surgery. The method of professional improvement of greatest interest was simulation courses (hands-on), endorsed by 93% of the participants. Conclusions Pará has 59 vascular surgeons. These professionals mainly work in the greater Belém (71.2%), in hospitals (100%) or in private clinics or offices (94.9%), performing a wide range of procedures, including venous and arterial surgery, amputations, and provision of hemodialysis access. More than 90% of these surgeons were satisfied professionally and reported that they would choose the specialty again. However, 22% had a pessimistic view of the specialty’s future. The vast majority of professionals (96.6%) consider that training or a continuing education program are necessary.

scholarly journals Anthropometric and clinical profiles of post-bariatric patients submitted to procedures in plastic surgery

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
SIMONE CORRÊA ROSA ◽  
JEFFERSON LESSA SOARES DE MACEDO ◽  
LUIZ AUGUSTO CASULARI ◽  
LUCAS RIBEIRO CANEDO ◽  
JOÃO VITOR ALMEIDA MARQUES
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Complications ◽  
Plastic Surgery ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
The North ◽  
Bariatric Patients ◽  
Clinical Profiles ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Epidemiological Profile ◽  
Mean Time

ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the profile of patients submitted to post-bariatric plastic surgery at the North Wing Regional Hospital, Brasília, DF. Methods: we conducted a prospective, descriptive and analytical study of patients submitted to Roux-en-Y gastroplasty, and subsequently to plastic surgery, from January 2011 to December 2016. We assessed body mass index before gastroplasty and after surgery plastic surgery, postoperative complications and comorbidities. Results: we studied 139 patients (130 women and nine men), with a mean age of 41 years, who underwent 233 operations. The mean BMI at the time of plastic surgery was 27.44kg/m2. The mean weight loss was 47.02kg and the mean maximum BMI was 45.17kg/m2. The mean time between bariatric surgery and plastic surgery was 42 months. The most important co-morbidities before plastic surgery were arterial hypertension (11.5%), arthropathy (5.4%), diabetes mellitus (5%) and metabolic syndrome (4.3%) (p<0.01). Of the 139 patients operated on, 76.97% underwent abdominoplasty followed by mammoplasty (42.46%), rhytidoplasty (17.27%) and brachioplasty (13.67%). Fourteen (13.08%) patients underwent herniorrhaphy combined with abdominoplasty. We performed anchor abdominoplasty in 19.42%. The rate of postoperative complications was 26.65%. Conclusion: the epidemiological profile of post-bariatric patients who underwent plastic surgery was similar to that reported in the literature, except for the low rate of associated surgeries and postoperative complications. Plastic surgery in post-bariatric patients has led to an improvement in the quality of life in most of these patients.

scholarly journals Monitoramento da Administração de Medicamentos Injetáveis em Unidade de Pronto Atendimento UPA

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Camila Mioko Ono Lopes ◽  
Talma Reis Leal Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Exploratory Study ◽  
First Aid ◽  
The State ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Not Given ◽  
Dose Administration ◽  
Pharmaceutical Intervention ◽  
Northwestern Region ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Time

A superlotação das Unidades de Pronto Atendimento (UPAs) tem se tornado uma preocupação frequente para gestores e profissionais da saúde, pois gera mais custo para o sistema de saúde e auxilia na sobrecarga das equipes de trabalho. O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar e analisar a administração de medicamentos injetáveis prescritos em Unidade de Pronto Atendimento da região noroeste do Paraná. Foi utilizado um estudo descritivo e exploratório no período de 01 de junho a 31 de agosto de 2013. A população em estudo constituiu-se de uma amostra aleatória de 285 pacientes. As prescrições foram avaliadas quanto à dose, via de administração e diluição, e o tempo médio de administração dos medicamentos foi monitorado. Para análise dos dados foi empregada estatística descritiva baseada na distribuição de frequências e medidas de tendência central. A via de administração foi informada em 99,3% das prescrições; entretanto, em 95,8% dos casos a dose não foi informada. As soluções diluentes utilizadas foram compatíveis com os medicamentos prescritos, embora tenha sido observada uma grande variação nos volumes das diluições, havendo necessidade de intervenção farmacêutica. Observou-se que o tempo médio de administração de medicamentos não foi responsável pelo aumento no tempo de permanência do paciente no serviço de saúde. Monitoring the Administration of Injectable Medicine in First Aid Clinics ABSTRACT: Overcrowding in first aid clinics (UPAs) is a great concern for health managers and professionals since it increases costs and overloads health teams. Current study characterizes and analyzes the administration of injectable medicines prescribed in first aid clinics in the northwestern region of the state of Paraná, Brazil. The descriptive and exploratory study was undertaken between 1st June and 31st August 2013 with a randomized selected population of 285 patients. Prescriptions were assessed according to dose, administration mode, dilution and the mean time for the administration of the medicine. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics based on the distribution of frequencies and trend measures. Administration mode was informed in 99.3% of prescriptions, although the dose was not given in 95.8% of cases. Dilution solutions were compatible to the medicines even though there was a great variation in dilution volumes, which required pharmaceutical intervention. Average time in the administration of medicines did not cause an increase in the patient´s permanence time at the unit.

scholarly journals Tendência do Número de Dias de Chuva no Estado do Mato Grosso do Sul e Sua Relação com o Fenômeno ENOS (Trend in Number of Days of Precipitation in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul and Its Relationship with ENSO Phenomenon)

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Marcuzzo ◽  
Nayhara De Lima Oliveira ◽  
Murilo Raphael Dias Cardoso
Keyword(s):  
El Niño ◽  
El Nino ◽  
The State ◽  
Annual Number ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Climatological Data ◽  
Monthly Average ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Time ◽  
Mato Grosso Do Sul

Vários sistemas atmosféricos da América do Sul, com mais de um tipo de regime pluviométrico, convergem no estado do Mato Grosso do Sul. Assim, obtendo-se relevância nos estudos que focam séries históricas pluviométricas de modo a se entender sua tendência utilizando sua correlação com diferentes dados climatológicos. Com o objetivo de analisar a tendência mensal e anual do Número de Dias de Chuva (NDC) no estado do Mato Grosso do Sul, realizou-se um estudo de sua variabilidade extrema e a sua possível correlação com o fenômeno ENOS de intensidade moderada ou forte. Foram utilizadas médias mensais e anuais do NDC das séries históricas de dados pluviométricos obtidos da Rede Hidrometeorológica Nacional, da Agência Nacional de Águas e do Serviço Geológico do Brasil. A série histórica utilizada foi de 30 anos (1977 a 2006). Para o tratamento estatístico calculou-se as médias temporais do número de dias com precipitação de 92 estações pluviométricas distribuídas no estado do Mato Grosso do Sul. Observou-se que apenas o mês de outubro apresentou tendência de aumento do NDC, para a série histórica estudada, ficando os outros meses e a média geral anual, com tendência de decréscimo no NDC do estado Sul-Mato-Grossense. Como resultados são apresentados gráficos com as tendências de NDC para cada mês e anual, correlacionados com a intensidade do ENOS, além do histograma mensal com a média de 30 anos e para cada uma das três décadas.Palavras-chave: NDC, El Niño, precipitação pluviométrica. Trend in Number of Days of Precipitation in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul and Its Relationship with ENSO Phenomenon ABSTRACTSeveral weather systems in South America, with more than one type of rainfall, converge in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul. Thus, obtaining relevant in studies that focus on historical rainfall series in order to understand its trend using its correlation with different climatological data. In order to analyze the trend of monthly and annual Number of Days of Precipitation (NDP) in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, there was a study of its variability and correlation with ENSO. We used monthly and annual averages of the NDP of the time series of rainfall data obtained from the National Hydrometeorological Network, the National Water Agency and the Geological Survey of Brazil. The series used was 30 years (1977-2006). The statistic calculated the mean time the number of days with rainfall of 92 rainfall stations distributed in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul was observed that only the month of October tended to increase the NDP for the series studied, leaving the other months and the average annual general decreasing trend with NDP in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul. Results are presented in graphical trends NDP for each month and year, correlated with the intensity of ENSO, and the histogram with the monthly average of 30 years and for each of three decades.Keywords: NDP, El Niño, rainfall.

scholarly journals PHENOTYPIC EXPRESSION OF A GENETIC PROPERTY INTRODUCED BY DEOXYRIBONUCLEATE

1959 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 737-748 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurice S. Fox
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Distribution Curve ◽  
Phenotypic Expression ◽  
Normal Distribution Curve ◽  
Phenotypic Alteration ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Two Parameters ◽  
Mean Time

The time course of the appearance of cells showing a new phenotype, following treatment with a specific DNA, has been analyzed. A plot as a function of time of the number of cells showing the new property closely resembles the summation under a normal distribution curve. Describing the appearance of the new phenotype in these terms permits the definition of two parameters, the mean time, and the standard deviation of the distribution curve. This distribution is not affected either by the DNA concentration with which the transformable population has been treated, or by the streptomycin concentration with which the transformed population has been challenged. Interruptions of the expression process, by cooling to 20° or 0°C., serve only to displace the expression curves, without changing their shape, while small reductions in temperature change both the mean time of expression and the standard deviation of the distribution curve. On the basis of these observations a number of hypotheses have been examined concerning the mechanism whereby transforming DNA manifests a phenotypic alteration in the transformed cells. It can be concluded that there exist at least two stages in the process of expression. The completion of the first stage, causing the randomization, occurs with a mean time of about 60 minutes, and a terminal step, that of the transition of phenotype, occurs in less than 3 minutes.

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