scholarly journals Hygienic-sanitary quality and effect of freezing time and temperature on total antioxidant capacity of human milk

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lilian Maria Peixoto Lopes ◽  
Jaísa Oliveira Chaves ◽  
Luciana Rodrigues da Cunha ◽  
Maria Cristina Passos ◽  
Camila Carvalho Menezes
Keyword(s):  
Human Milk ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Freezing Temperature ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Freezing Time ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Functional Components

Abstract Knowledge of the hygienic-sanitary quality of raw human milk helps to establish the best storage conditions for the preservation of its nutritional and functional components. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the hygienic-sanitary quality of human milk extracted at the mothers’ homes, and to analyze the effect of freezing time and temperature on the milk’s total antioxidant capacity. Milk of five mothers was evaluated individually for Staphylococcus aureus, total aerobic mesophilic counts, mold and yeasts, total and thermotolerant coliforms. The milk pool was stored at -8 °C, -18 °C and -40 °C for 2, 4, 8 and 15 days and analyzed for the total antioxidant capacity by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical and 2,2-azino 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid scavenging methods. The microbiological analyses of the raw human milk samples indicated counts of all the studied microorganisms above the safe limits. Related to the effect of freezing time and temperature on total antioxidant capacity, it was concluded that, regardless of the freezing temperature, a significant reduction occurred on total antioxidant capacity over time and that the lower the storage temperature, the greater its total antioxidant activity.

scholarly journals The effect of lyophilization on selected biologically active components (vitamin C, catalase, lysozyme), total antioxidant capacity and lipid oxidation in human milk

2017 ◽  
Vol 112 (3) ◽  
pp. 121-128
Author(s):  
Dorota Martysiak-Żurowska ◽  
Małgorzata Puta ◽  
Anna Rodzik ◽  
Edyta Malinowska-Pańczyk
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Lipid Oxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Initial Water Content ◽  
Initial Water ◽  
Total Antioxidant

Human milk is rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids, as well as lysozyme, vitamin C and other bioactive compounds. The effect of lyophilization on the content of antioxidants (vitamin C and catalase CAT), bactericidal compounds (lysozyme), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and lipid peroxidation in human milk was investigated in this study. Samples of mature human milk were collected from five healthy women who gave birth on the scheduled date and without complications. Freeze drying resulted in the removal of 88.2 % of the initial water content from milk. The human milk lyophilizate was readily soluble in water. Lyophilization had no effect on the content of primary (lipid peroxides LP) and secondary (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances TBARS) products of lipid oxidation. Freeze-drying led to a significant decrease in the vitamin C content and TAC values of milk (by 31 % and 16.5 %, respectively). Catalase and lysozyme were resistant to freeze-drying. Lyophilization induced a decrease in lysozyme content (9 %) and catalase activity (11 %) but these changes were not statistically significant. Low-temperature dehydration and rehydration of human milk lyophilizates promote satisfactory retention of biologically active ingredients and prevent the oxidation of human milk lipids. The results of this study indicate that lyophilization can be considered as an effective method for prolonging the shelf life of human milk.

scholarly journals Total Antioxidant Capacity of Saliva: An Effective Marker of Stress

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-16
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Stressed Condition ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Group I ◽  
Total Antioxidant

ABSTRACT Aim To assess and correlate the level of stress to the total antioxidant capacity of saliva of university exam-going students studying at KLE Vishwanath Katti Institute of Dental Sciences, Belagavi, Karnataka, India, on the day of examination (stressed condition) and in the postexamination period (nonstressed condition). Materials and Methods Saliva samples of 30 students evaluated by the perceived stress scale on both the day of examination and in the postexamination period were collected and labeled as group I (day of examination) and group II (postexamination period). The total antioxidant capacity was assessed using the spectrophotometric assay based on the molar absorption coefficient of the phosphomolybdenum complex. The correlation between the level of stress and the antioxidant capacity was done using Spearman's correlation test, and the mean values obtained with respect to the two groups were evaluated using Mann–Whitney U test. Results The total antioxidant capacity was lower on the day of examination than in the postexamination period (p = 0.001). As the stress level increases, the total antioxidant capacity decreases. Conclusion Total antioxidant capacity of saliva can serve as an effective marker of stress. Thus, supplementation with antioxidants routinely and especially during periods of stress may be beneficial. Clinical significance Present day life is full of targets, necessities, and frustrations. For many people, stress has become a way of life. Stress is not always detrimental. Stress within your comfort zone helps you compete, motivates you, and can even keep you secure. But when stress becomes overwhelming, it damages your well-being, relationships, and quality of life. Thus, managing and diagnosing stress is important. How to cite this article de Piedade Sequeira MAKE, Naik Z. Total Antioxidant Capacity of Saliva: An Effective Marker of Stress. J Contemp Dent 2017;7(1):12-16.

Effect of olive storage temperature on the quality of Carolea and Ottobratica oils

2018 ◽  
pp. 563
Author(s):  
Amalia Piscopo, A. De Bruno, A. Zappia, Giuseppina Gioffre ◽  
Nicola Grillone, Rocco Mafrica, Marco Marco Poiana
Keyword(s):  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Sterol Composition ◽  
Olive Oils ◽  
Squalene Content ◽  
General Quality ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Storage Times

The aim of this work was to evidence the effect of the olive storage temperature on the quality of the extracted oils from the cultivars Carolea and Ottobratica, grown in the South of Italy. Qualitative parameters of oils were evaluated by analysis of major and minor components, in particular free acidity, peroxide value, fatty acid composition, sterol composition, squalene content and total content of polyphenols, tocopherols and pigments. The total antioxidant activity of olive oils was evaluated by DPPH and ABTS assays. The response to the storage conditions applied to olives in terms of oil qualitative parameters was different between the cultivars. In Carolea oils the effect of the temperature was significant, whereas also the harvesting time and the storage times affected the general quality of Ottobratica oils.

Coenzyme Q concentration and total antioxidant capacity of human milk at different stages of lactation in mothers of preterm and full-term infants

2006 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
José L. Quiles ◽  
Julio J. Ochoa ◽  
M. Carmen Ramirez-Tortosa ◽  
Javier Linde ◽  
Stefano Bompadre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Milk ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Coenzyme Q ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Total Antioxidant

Changes in Fruit Phenolic Composition and Antioxidant Capacity during Storage

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 469b-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Kalt ◽  
C.F. Forney ◽  
J. McDonald
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Positive Health ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Health Quality ◽  
And Storage

Ripe fruit of strawberry, raspberry, and highbush and lowbush blueberries were stored at 0, 10, 20, or 30 °C for up to 8 days. Total phenolic and anthocyanin content was measured at regular intervals during the storage period as well as the total antioxidant capacity, using the method of Cao et al. (Clin. Chem. 1995, 41/12 1739 1744). There were significant differences in all parameters among the species, and after storage. Across all species and storage treatments, the antioxidant capacity was correlated with the content of phenolics (R = 0.77) and anthocyanins (R = 0.85). Both species of blueberry had more than twice the antioxidant capacity of either raspberry or strawberry; antioxidant capacity of the highbush and low-bush blueberries did not change during storage. During storage at temperatures greater than 0 °C, anthocyanin content of raspberries and strawberries increased substantially, and this increase was accompanied by an increase in total antioxidant capacity. Since dietary antioxidants such as anthocyanin flavonoids have been suggested to have positive health benefits, postharvest anthocyanin formation may have a desirable effect on the health quality of certain fruit.

scholarly journals Macronutrient, immunoglobulin a and total antioxidant capacity profiles of human milk from 1 to 24 months: a cross-sectional study in Thailand

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Krongporn Ongprasert ◽  
Jetsada Ruangsuriya ◽  
Rungnapa Malasao ◽  
Ratana Sapbamrer ◽  
Pikul Suppansan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Milk ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Carbohydrate Concentration ◽  
Total Antioxidant

Abstract Background An extended duration of breastfeeding of up to two years is encouraged by many health authorities, but information regarding the composition of milk after one year postpartum is limited. The goal of this study was to determine the association between the duration of lactation and macronutrient contents, immunoglobulin A (IgA) levels and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in human milk (HM), from 1 to 24 months postpartum. Methods Cross-sectional milk samples were collected between January and April 2019 from mothers with healthy full-term children who had been lactating for 1 to 24 months. The HM was biochemically analyzed for protein and carbohydrate contents by colorimetric assays. The fat content was determined by capillary centrifugation, and the energy content was calculated from the results of centrifugation assays. IgA levels and TAC were determined by ELISA and a Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) assay, respectively. Pearson’s correlation coefficient and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient were used to determine associations between months of lactation and milk composition, and multiple regression analysis was used to assess associations between months of lactation and milk composition adjusted for relevant covariates. Differences were considered significant at p < 0.05. Results One hundred eighty-four milk samples were analyzed. The month of lactation was positively associated with the fat concentration (B = 0.31, SE = 0.09, p = 0.001), energy content (B = 3.11, SE = 0.92, p = 0.001), and IgA (B = 4.17, SE = 1.08, p < 0.001) but negatively associated with the carbohydrate concentration (B = − 0.22, SE = 0.01, p = 0.04). No association was observed between the month of lactation and the protein concentration or TAC after adjustment for maternal age, maternal BMI, birth order, and breastfeeding frequency. Conclusion The duration of lactation was found to be positively associated with the fat, energy, and IgA content in HM for up to two years postpartum, and negatively associated with carbohydrate concentration. More prospective cohort studies are needed to obtain evidence-based knowledge regarding the changes in HM composition throughout the course of lactation.

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