Dental surgical care in blood dyscrasias patients: an epidemiological study

ABSTRACT Introduction: In Brazil, about 18.500 people have some kind of hereditary coagulopathy. In combination, the increase in life expectancy has led to an increasingly frequent presence of older people in medical offices. These patients make use of many drugs, including those that produce anticoagulant effects. The dentist should be aware about the impact of bleeding disorders during the approach of their patients, especially if invasive procedures are considered. Objective: To identify the most prevalent blood dyscrasias presented by patients covered by the Program of dental surgical care to patients with blood dyscrasias; to establish the presence of associated diseases and investigate the correlation between pre- and postoperative drug protocols and the occurrence of postoperative complications. Methods: This was an epidemiological retrospective cross-sectional study of medical reports used by the program. After the survey of defined variables, data were tabulated in Microsoft Excel ® software and evaluated using the chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests. Results: One patient was identified as having Human Immunodeficiency Virus and 18 with Hepatitis C virus. There was a statistically significant difference between patients with haemophilia B and Hepatitis C. The administration of tranexamic acid as pre- and post-surgical protocol was the therapy of choice. Of the 11 patients with vWD, 7 of them received tranexamic acid as preoperative medication. Conclusion: The appropriate retention system for the patient depends on several factors, including indication, advantages and disadvantages, retention provided, aesthetics and clinical performance.

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Self perceived oro-facial behaviour and malocclusion among young adults in Hyderabad city

International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health ◽

10.1515/ijamh-2018-0297 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Dasari Tejaswini ◽

Suhas Kulkarni ◽

Dolar Doshi ◽

Adepu Srilatha

Keyword(s):

Gender Differences ◽

Young Adults ◽

Health Knowledge ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sampling Procedure ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Face ◽

The Impact

AbstractBackgroundAesthetic alterations in the face can be self-perceived and can affect quality of life in young adults.ObjectiveTo assess the impact of malocclusion on self- perceived oro-facial behaviour among young adults.MethodsA Cross sectional study was conducted among 638 young adults (aged 18–21 years) of Hyderabad city. One college from each of the five zones of the Hyderabad city (five colleges) were selected by simple random sampling procedure. A 21-item Oro-facial investment scale (OFIS) questionnaire assessing self-perceived oral health knowledge, attitude, practice and Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) assessing the severity of malocclusion was used. Data were analysed with standard statistical software (SPSS, Statistical package for the social sciences, version 20.0). p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsMales had higher mean scores for knowledge (2.90 ± 0.49) than females (2.73 ± 0.82) and was statistically significant (p = 0.002*). No statistically significant gender differences were found in relation to attitude and practice. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that there was a significant difference in all the three scores (knowledge, attitude, practice) with respect to age, with significantly high score for knowledge and practice among 18 year old subjects (p = 0.0001*; p = 0.0003* respectively) and attitude among 21 year old subjects (p = 0.0049*). No statistically significant age, gender differences were found in relation to DAI scores. Upon correlation, DAI significantly and positively correlated with knowledge (p = 0.03*) and attitude (p = 0.0001*).ConclusionThis study has shown significant impact of malocclusion on the self-perceived oro-facial behaviour.

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Nurses’ Knowledge toward Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C in Guilan, Iran

The Open Nursing Journal ◽

10.2174/1874434601711010034 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 34-42 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Farahnaz Joukar ◽

Fariborz Mansour-Ghanaei ◽

Mohammad Reza Naghipour ◽

Tolou Hasandokht

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis C ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Knowledge Score ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Teaching Hospitals ◽

High Risk Population ◽

Continuous Training ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Study Participants

Background: Health care workers (HCWs) represent high risk population for viral hepatitis infection. Objectives: This study sought to assess the knowledge of HCWs regarding hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C (HCV) infection. Methods: In a multi-center cross sectional study, all HCWs from eight teaching hospitals were invited to participate in the study and to fill in a self-administered questionnaire. Results: A total of 1008 eligible HCWs have responded to the study. A high proportion of the study participants (55.4% and 52.9%) had unsatisfactory knowledge about HBV and HCV. Mean knowledge score toward HBV was significantly higher among more educated staff, p <0.001 and vaccinated personnel, P=0.02. Majority of responders answered correctly to transmission questions toward HBV and HCV (90% and 80%, respectively). There was statistically significant difference in only transmission domain score between various hospitals (p<0.05). The highest scores were related to surgical hospital. Conclusion: Although more than ninety percent of our participants were educated about HBV and HCV, knowledge about nature of disease, prevention, treatment and vaccine availability was unsatisfactory. Continuous training program toward viral infection is a matter of necessity.

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THE IMPACT OF ASTHMAAND ITS MEDICATIONS ON DENTAL CARIES STATUS AND STREPTOCOCCUS MUTANS COUNT IN CHILDREN: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

10.36106/ijsr/7515919 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 20-23

Author(s):

Sneha Upadhyay ◽

Jyoti Bhavthankar ◽

Mandakini Mandale ◽

Nivedita Kaorey

Keyword(s):

Dental Caries ◽

Streptococcus Mutans ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Control Group ◽

Healthy Children ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Asthmatic Children ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Impact

Background: Asthma and its medications have been linked to oral diseases in asthmatic children. Aim: Assessment of the dental caries status, salivary Streptococcus mutans count and S. mutans colony score in children receiving inhaled anti asthmatic medications and their comparison in healthy children Material and Method: A cross-sectional study was performed on 40 asthmatic children and 40 healthy children in the age group of 6-14 years. DMFT/deft indices were calculated and saliva samples were collected. Diluted saliva was inoculated on MSB agar plates. S. mutans count and colony score were analysed after 24-48 hours of inoculation. Results: Statistically significant difference was observed in the mean DMFT/deft index, salivary S. mutans load and S. mutans colony score in children of the asthmatic group and control group. Conclusion: Prevalence of dental caries and cariogenic bacteria is higher in asthmatic children.

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Breast density in women with premature ovarian failure or postmenopausal women using hormone therapy: analytical cross-sectional study

Sao Paulo Medical Journal ◽

10.1590/s1516-31802010000400007 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 128 (4) ◽

pp. 211-214 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Patrícia Magda Soares ◽

César Cabello ◽

Luis Alberto Magna ◽

Eduardo Tinois ◽

Cristina Laguna Benetti-Pinto

Keyword(s):

Hormone Therapy ◽

Postmenopausal Women ◽

Breast Density ◽

Premature Ovarian Failure ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Ovarian Failure ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Impact

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Studies on postmenopausal women have reported increased risk of breast cancer relating to the type and duration of hormone therapy (HT) used. Women with premature ovarian failure (POF) represent a challenge, since they require prolonged HT. Little is known about the impact of prolonged HT use on these women's breasts. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of one type of HT on the breast density of women with POF, compared with postmenopausal women. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp). METHODS: 31 women with POF and 31 postmenopausal women, all using HT consisting of conjugated equine estrogen combined with medroxyprogesterone acetate, and matched according to HT duration, were studied. Mammography was performed on all subjects and was analyzed by means of digitization or Wolfe's classification, stratified into two categories: non-dense (N1 and P1 patterns) and dense (P2 and Dy). RESULTS: No significant difference in breast density was found between the two groups through digitization or Wolfe's classification. From digitization, the mean breast density was 24.1% ± 14.6 and 18.1% ± 17.2 in the POF and postmenopausal groups, respectively (P = 0.15). Wolfe's classification identified dense breasts in 51.6% and 29.0%, respectively (P = 0.171). CONCLUSION: There was no difference in breast density between the women with POF and postmenopausal women, who had used HT for the same length of time. These results may help towards compliance with HT use among women with POF.

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Characteristics of Cyberstalking Behavior, Consequences, and Coping Strategies: A Cross-Sectional Study in a Sample of Italian University Students

Future Internet ◽

10.3390/fi11050120 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 120 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Tatiana Begotti ◽

Daniela Acquadro Maran

Keyword(s):

Coping Strategies ◽

Police Officers ◽

Health Care Professionals ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference ◽

And Coping ◽

The University ◽

The Impact ◽

Self Administered Questionnaire

Aims: The aim of this study was to compare victims of one type of cyberstalking (OneType) with victims of more than one type of cyberstalking (MoreType) regarding (1) the impact of cyberstalking and (2) attitudes related to telling someone about the experience of cyberstalking and the coping strategies used by victims. Methods: A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to over 250 students at the University of Torino. Results: About half of the participants experienced at least one incident of cyberstalking. Among them, more than half experienced more than one type of cyberstalking. Victims suffered from depression more than those who had never experienced cyberstalking. No statistically significant difference emerged for anxiety. The coping strategies used by MoreType were more varied than those used by OneType victims of cyberstalking. Moreover, MoreType victims told someone about their victimization more than OneType victims. Conclusion: The work presented suggests implications for health care professionals, police officers, and government. For example, our suggestion is to pay attention to cyberstalking victims and provide flyers in schools, universities, and cafeterias that explain the risk of certain online behaviors and their consequences in physical and emotional spheres.

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Effect of Flavor Enhancement on the Appreciation of Food in Breast Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy

Current Developments in Nutrition ◽

10.1093/cdn/nzaa044_019 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. 320-320

Author(s):

Kenza Drareni ◽

Moustafa Bensafi ◽

Helene Lusson ◽

Damien Vansteene ◽

Agnès Giboreau ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Hierarchical Cluster ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Control Group ◽

Breast Cancer Patients ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Funding Sources ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Impact

Abstract Objectives Given the influence of sensory signals on food intake regulation and the subsequent nutritional status, it is important to reduce the impact of commonly observed smell and taste alterations on the pleasure of eating during chemotherapy. This study aimed to examine the effect of various types of flavor enhancement on the appreciation of an appetizer by a group of patients undergoing chemotherapy. Methods Five eggplant appetizers with no seasoning (REF) or enhanced with either salt, lemon, garlic or cumin were developed. In this cross-sectional study, 36 healthy female subjects (age 58 ± 7 y) (control group) and 84 breast cancer patients (age 56 ± 11 y) treated with chemotherapy were recruited. A hierarchical cluster analysis based on patients' self-reported smell and taste abilities classified the patients in two groups: the ‘unaltered, (high sensory abilities) n = 49’ and the ‘altered, (poor sensory abilities), n = 35’ group. Participants tasted and assessed the appreciation of the reference appetizer on a visual analog scale and performed a randomized comparative liking task, by rating the appreciation for each flavor-enhanced appetizer relative to the REF (one-sample t-test). Results There was no significant difference in the appreciation of the REF appetizer between the three groups (P > 0.05). In the comparative liking task, the control group rated similarly the appreciation between the flavor-enhanced and the REF appetizers except for the cumin-enhanced appetizer, which was appreciated significantly more than the REF (P < 0.001). Patients in both ‘altered’ and ‘unaltered’ groups appreciated similarly the cumin appetizer (P > 0.05), more the salt and garlic-enhanced appetizers (P ≤ 0.001, P = 0.005, respectively) and significantly less the lemon-enhanced appetizer relative to the REF (P = 0.029), confirming a tendency for patients to reject acid-flavored foods. Conclusions The salt and garlic enhancements were appreciated by the patients independent of the stage of chemotherapy or the severity of smell and taste alterations. Flavor enhancement seems a good strategy to maintain the pleasure of eating in patients undergoing chemotherapy. Further research is still needed on the appreciation and intake of a complete meal (starter, main course, dessert). Funding Sources APICIL and ELIOR groups.

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Sexual Dysfunction and Marital Relationship in Women With Schizophrenia in Comparison with Caregivers: A Hospital-based Study

Journal of Psychosexual Health ◽

10.1177/2631831820918133 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 87-92

Author(s):

Suvarna Jyothi Kantipudi ◽

Navina Suresh ◽

Poornima Ayyadurai ◽

Sathianathan Ramanathan

Keyword(s):

Sexual Dysfunction ◽

Sexual Function ◽

Sexual Functioning ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Women Caregivers ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Relationship Assessment ◽

The Impact ◽

The Relationship

Background: Sexual dysfunction is common in females with schizophrenia and is attributed to multiple causes, including individual psychopathology and antipsychotics. Understanding the impact of relationship satisfaction on sexual functioning is not widely studied in schizophrenia. Women caregivers also experience sexual problems and were not studied in the past. Aim: To assess the nature and occurrence of sexual dysfunction in women with schizophrenia in comparison to caregivers of males without severe mental disorder. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 30 women with schizophrenia were recruited as cases and 26 age-matched controls were recruited from female caregivers. All subjects were assessed using standardized tools such as Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) and Relationship Assessment Scale along with sociodemographic questionnaire. Results: There was a significant difference in FSFI scores and relationship scores between women with schizophrenia and caregiver control subjects. The relationship quality was better in patients with schizophrenia when compared to caregivers unlike sexual functioning. Conclusion: Sexual functioning in women is a complex phenomenon. A holistic biopsychosocial approach is necessary to understand women’s sexual function.

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The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic Outbreak on Eating and Lifestyle Habits of Adolescents in Bosnia and Herzegovina: a Cross-sectional Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-529005/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Nevena Ćorić ◽

Anita Jurić ◽

Andrea Karlovic

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Weight Change ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Social Characteristics ◽

Dietary Vitamin ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Lifestyle Habits ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background: Pandemic caused by the COVID-19 virus brought tremendous changes in the lifestyle of adolescents, about which numerous studies have been published. Due to extended restrictions, long term impact should be investigated.Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled 953 voluntary participants aged 14 to 21, from different regions of B&H. Participants were asked to complete an online 37-item survey, regarding socio-demographics, geographic, social characteristics, dietary and lifestyle habits, physical activity, including their consumption of dietary, vitamin and mineral supplements. They also needed to provide information about their weight, height and weight change during the entire period of the COVID-19 pandemic from March 2020 until the end of November when the study was completed. For data entry and analysis, SPSS (version 25) and Microsoft Excel were used.Results: At the time of completing the survey, a slightly lower BMI of participants was noticed compared to the time before the pandemic. A statistically significant difference was determined between males and females BMI, boys BMI was slightly higher. Females gained and men lost BW. Increased intake of unhealthy types of food was associated with weight change. Increased mental stress during the pandemic was associated with dietary changes, respectively with decreased as also increased food amount. High percent of participants (40.4%) who increased their physical activity did not alter their eating in the form of the food amount. This study reported use of some dietary supplements which have not been used before the pandemic by 63.5% participants.Conclusions: This paper presents a unique insight into the changing lifestyle and eating habits of adolescents in B&H during lockdown and post-lockdown period of research. Considering that pandemic is still ongoing, data from study like this may be useful to create further steps in battling the pandemic.

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The impact of resilience on burnout syndrome in nursing teachers in high medical schools

Sestrinska rec ◽

10.5937/sestrec2182010p ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 24 (82) ◽

pp. 10-14

Author(s):

Katarina Pavić ◽

Dragana Milutinović

Keyword(s):

Work Experience ◽

Medical Schools ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Burnout Syndrome ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Resilience Scale ◽

Study Results ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Impact ◽

Nursing Teachers

Introduction: Burnout syndrome is a condition caused by chronic stress at the workplace. Resilience is the ability to cope with the negative situations in life. Purpose: To evaluate the extent of burnout syndrome in nursing teachers at medical high schools and the effect of the level of resilience on burnout syndrome. Material and methods: This cross-sectional study interviewed 101 nursing teachers at four medical schools. Teacher Burnout Scale, The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale and socio-demographic questionnaire have been used as instruments of the study. Results: The majority of nursing teachers had moderate symptom of burnout syndrome. The average result on the burnout scale was 56.1. Statistical analyzes showed that there is no statistically significant difference in the manifestation of burnout syndrome in teachers in relation to demographic characteristics (sex, marital status, years of work experience and subjects at medical school). By analysing the results of the two scales, it has been established that there is no statistically significant association between the burnout intensity and the degree of resilience in nursing teachers. Conclusion: The results of the study showed moderate level of burnout in nursing teachers. This may help as an encouragement to develop a strategy for preventing emergence of the burnout syndrome. The results will be useful for further research of burnout syndrome in nursing teachers.

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Frequency Distribution of Hepatitis C Virus Genotypes with Reference to Age and Sex in Various Districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

EMJ Hepatology ◽

10.33590/emjhepatol/20-00268 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 83-88

Author(s):

Bakht Biland ◽

Mohsina Haq ◽

Sardar Muhammad ◽

Mohsan Subhani ◽

Syed Gardezi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis C Virus ◽

Hepatitis C ◽

Age Groups ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Female Population ◽

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Age And Sex ◽

Genotype 3A

Background: Pakistan has the second highest prevalence of hepatitis C in the world after Egypt. Viral hepatitis is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Pakistan and, worryingly, reinfection rates are also on the rise. This cross-sectional study was aimed at finding the most common genotypes of hepatitis C in terms of age and sex in a Pakistani cohort. Materials and methods: The authors collected blood samples from 1,260 patients with diagnosed hepatitis C visiting a primary teaching hospital affiliated with Peshawar Medical College, Pakistan, from different districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, between January 2017 and April 2019. Hepatitis C virus RNA was quantified by real-time polymerase chain reaction and genotyping was then performed. Results: The authors found that genotype 3a was the most prevalent type followed by 1a, mixed, and 3b, respectively. Genotypes 2a and 1b were the least prevalent in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The most common genotype was 3a, observed in 75.87% of cases. The most common mixed genotype was 3a+1a, observed in 39 cases (3.10%); it had a prevalence of 3.49% in females compared with 2.70% in males. Overall, the most common age group affected by hepatitis C virus was 41–50 years (31.35%), followed by the 51–60 years group (24.45%). Infection rate was comparatively low in other age groups. A significant difference was observed in the prevalence of genotype 3a and 2a among different districts. Conclusion: The authors concluded that genotype 3a was the most prevalent genotype and it was observed more frequently in the female population, with a median age of 45 years.

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