scholarly journals Multiple-criteria analysis model to the location of dry ports in urban areas: a case study in Garuva City, Santa Catarina State

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Goulart dos Santos ◽  
Rodrigo Machado
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Multiple Criteria ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Conservation Areas ◽  
Master Plans ◽  
The Road ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Dry Ports

Abstract This article studied the location of dry ports from the perspective of reducing impacts caused by seaport activities on the urban environment. The main objective was to construct a model based on multiple-criteria decision analysis coupled with the geographical information system for selecting areas subject to the location of dry ports. An important point was the definition of restriction and factor criteria for the preparation of this model. The distance from the seaport was defined as the most relevant criterion, followed by the road hierarchy network, population density, vegetation, and declivity, respectively. The predominant restrictive criteria were: permanent conservation areas and non-building zones. For the validation of the model presented, it was necessary to perform a case study on a city located near a seaport, and that has been legalized seaport activities in its legislation. The result showed that the areas nearest to the port, with less density of household units, and located near main roadways are the most feasible for location of dry ports. It was proven that the usage of multi-criteria analysis for selecting areas subject to the location of dry ports can be a manner for added support in the preparation of master plans for cities surrounded by seaport areas.

scholarly journals An Improved Strength Reduction-Based Slope Stability Analysis

Geosciences ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Seyed-Kolbadi ◽  
J. Sadoghi-Yazdi ◽  
M. Hariri-Ardebili
Keyword(s):  
Stability Analysis ◽  
Slope Stability ◽  
Limit State ◽  
Spectral Element ◽  
Strength Reduction ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Weak Layer ◽  
The Road ◽  
Coulomb Failure Criterion

Slope uncertainty predominantly originates from the imperfect analysis model and the inaccuracy and imprecision of the observations. The strength reduction method (SRM) is widely used to attain the safety factor (SF) of the slopes, which is similar to interpretation of the limit state (LS). In this paper, the spectral element method (SEM), using an elasto-plastic Mohr–Coulomb failure criterion, is employed to project the plausible LS of the soil slopes. An iterative SRM search method is proposed to evaluate the SF of the slopes regardless of the LS interpretation. The proposed SRM paradigm encompasses the design trigger to trace the uncertain parameters in decision-making. This method is applied to three numerical examples: (1) a homogeneous dry slope, (2) a dry slope with a weak layer, and (3) a partially-wet slope with a weak layer. It is shown that for the case study examples, the proposed SRM reasonably converges to the required precision. Results further are compared and contrasted with some of the conventional and standard techniques in slope stability. This hybrid procedure paves the road for fast and safe stability analysis of man-made and natural slopes.

scholarly journals Broadening Understanding on Managing the Communication Infrastructure in Vehicular Networks: Customizing the Coverage Using the Delta Network

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristiano Silva ◽  
Lucas Silva ◽  
Leonardo Santos ◽  
João Sarubbi ◽  
Andreas Pitsillides
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Vehicular Networks ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Urban Mobility ◽  
Circle Pattern ◽  
The Road ◽  
The Past ◽  
Communication Devices ◽  
Definition Of

Over the past few decades, the growth of the urban population has been remarkable. Nowadays, 50% of the population lives in urban areas, and forecasts point that by 2050 this number will reach 70%. Today, 64% of all travel made is within urban environments and the total amount of urban kilometers traveled is expected to triple by 2050. Thus, seeking novel solutions for urban mobility becomes paramount for 21st century society. In this work, we discuss the performance of vehicular networks. We consider the metric Delta Network. The Delta Network characterizes the connectivity of the vehicular network through the percentage of travel time in which vehicles are connected to roadside units. This article reviews the concept of the Delta Network and extends its study through the presentation of a general heuristic based on the definition of scores to identify the areas of the road network that should receive coverage. After defining the general heuristic, we show how small changes in the score computation can generate very distinct (and interesting) patterns of coverage, each one suited to a given scenario. In order to exemplify such behavior, we propose three deployment strategies based on simply changing the computation of scores. We compare the proposed strategies to the intuitive strategy of allocating communication units at the most popular zones of the road network. Experiments show that the strategies derived from the general heuristic provide higher coverage than the intuitive strategy when using the same number of communication devices. Moreover, the resulting pattern of coverage is very interesting, with roadside units deployed a circle pattern around the traffic epicenter.

scholarly journals IMPROVED LEVEL IN RESILIENCE OF ECOSYSTEM WITH CONSERVATION WATER AREA NETWORK DESIGN, (CASE STUDY OF WEST COAST SOUTH SULAWESI)

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Ahmad Faizal ◽  
Chair Rani ◽  
Farid Samawi
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Western Coast ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Conservation Areas ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
Design Case Study

This study was intended to design network of the conservation areas having high resilience to the environmental changes. Method applied in this study was field survey method, analysis of remote sensing images, and integration of geographical information system (decision support) Marxan Model. Results of this study showed that the western coast of South Sulawesi has biophysical relationships caused by oceanographic influence particularly seawater current and highly supporting the development the network of the conservation areas with regional principle. The optimum value for the establishment of the conservation areas was 66553,13 Ha with protection target of 20% from the available ecosystems.

scholarly journals Sustainable Markets: Case Study Of Toyota Motor Sales, U.S.A., Inc.

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dean R. Manna ◽  
Gayle Marco ◽  
Brittany Lynn Khalil ◽  
Sara Meier
Keyword(s):  
Main Idea ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
The Road ◽  
The World ◽  
Sustainable Marketing ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact

The traditional definition of sustainability calls for policies and strategies that meet societys present needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs (1). Sustainability is a concern in private and public sectors all over the world; it is an issue that resonates with people in all age ranges, income levels, and geographic locations. The main idea of sustainability is reduce, reuse, and recycle. People and organizations alike must consider every possible effect from the decisions they make in regards to the environment. With over 600,000,000 passenger cars on the road in the world, and over 50,000,000 passenger cars built each year, it is imperative that automakers make sustainable decisions (2). It is not just the large number of vehicles in the world that is cause for concern, but the immense amount of resources needed to manufacture, transport, and fuel them. Automakers must consider the impact that each car has during every stage of its life cycle, in addition to their responsibility to society (in terms of the environment, education, and safety) and the impact of their suppliers. This case study is designed to discuss the background of Toyota and highlight the companys current actions in regard to sustainable marketing; a comparison will also be made to the sustainable efforts of Honda and Subaru.

scholarly journals 3D roof model generation and analysis supporting solar system positioning

GEOMATICA ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 137-153
Author(s):  
Filiberto Chiabrando ◽  
Chiara Danna ◽  
Andrea Lingua ◽  
Francesca Noardo ◽  
Anna Osello
Keyword(s):  
Open Source Software ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Model Generation ◽  
Solar Systems ◽  
Digital Mapping ◽  
3D Data ◽  
Gis Tools ◽  
Free Open Source

Given the growing needs of renewable energy in urban areas, identifying suitable installation locations for solar systems is increasingly important. Existing energetic cadastres often have a limited level of detail in the analysed geometry, which needs to be rapidly updated following any changes to the buildings. The required 3D data can be generated by photogrammetry techniques and Structure-from-Motion (SfM) software. In this paper, the method was tested employing Digital Mapping Camera images (virtual images), on a case study in northwest Italy. The results are analysed for assessing the reliability of the DSM produced by SfM methods, to be employed in solar radiation analyses. The problem of this kind of automatic 3D modelling can be the excessive detail sometimes required in reconstructing the geometry of the roofs and the possible noise. The results are managed and analysed through Geographical Information System (GIS) tools. For the whole workflow, proprietary and free open source software (OSS) are used. The problems and limitations are investigated in order to evaluate and confirm the reliability and cost effectiveness of the described methods.

scholarly journals Level of Services (LOS) for Public Bus and Passenger’s Aspiration in Kerian District, Malaysia

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (9) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Syahriah Bachok ◽  
Mariana Mohamed Osman ◽  
Zakiah Ponrahono
Keyword(s):  
Public Transportation ◽  
Publishing House ◽  
Sustainable Transportation ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
The Road ◽  
International Publishing ◽  
Key Dimensions ◽  
Bus Services

Public transportation facilitates the mobility of activities and goods from all sustainable development key dimensions. Over the past decades, more trips of public transportation move people towards a more sustainable future, by reducing congestion on the roads and increasing the efficiency of the road system. The research aims at analysing the passenger’s aspiration and perspective of sustainable public transport measure and evaluating Malaysian rural bus services, using the case study of Kerian District in the state of Perak. On-board intercept passenger survey and adoption of Geographical Information System (GIS) / Global Positioning System (GPS) were used to collect the primary data. The research suggested that whilst the services levels are less than those aspired by the passengers, there are many improvement areas to be prioritised in the near future.Keywords: Sustainable transportation; sustainable transport indicator; transport planning; sustainable transportation dimension; passenger’s aspiration.eISSN 2398-4279 © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.

scholarly journals Management of road transport-induced air pollution in urban areas: A case study of Owerri, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 030-044
Author(s):  
Onyeka JO ◽  
Obi LE ◽  
Igiri VC
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Road Transportation ◽  
The Road ◽  
Push And Pull

Environmental concerns have continued to be on the increase as human activities soar. One such environmental concern is air pollution. A major contributor to air pollution is the road transportation activities. This paper sets out to provide a management strategy for air pollution owing to road transportation in urban areas, with Owerri Nigeria as a case study. A field study was conducted in Owerri to ascertain the total passenger requirement, number and mix of passenger vehicles as well as measure three main road transport-induced air pollutants at five locations in the city. The result of the field work showed existing commuter vehicles mix of 56.2:63.7: 19.6:1.6:1 of salons, wagons, mini-buses, coaster buses and big buses respectively, of a total of 85,950 vehicles and air ambient pollutants level higher than the recommended standards. A new model was developed to achieve a remix of 10:33:53: 14:1 of same vehicle types and reduction in traffic volume and target air pollutants. The analyses show that mini-buses and coaster buses have advantage over salon cars, wagon vehicles and big buses in terms of traffic congestions and pollutants release into the environment. The two bus types could be said to have least pollutants release per passenger carried. An optimal vehicle remix, which gives higher priority to these buses have been shown to reduce congestion by 40%, Carbon monoxide by 40%, Nitrogen Dioxide by 50% and Methane by 50%. It therefore recommends that vehicular remix of 10:33:53: 14:1, for salon: wagon: mini-buses: coaster buses: big buses be adopted for Owerri commuters’ transportation need. It concludes that governments should adopt economic instruments embedded in a “push and pull” strategy, leveraging on disincentive and incentive measures to skew road transportation to the use of mini and coaster buses as a deliberate means of reducing air pollution in cities.

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