Immunologic aspects of West syndrome and evidence of plasma inhibitory effects on T cell function

STUDY OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess the extent of immune dysfunction in a well-defined group of epileptic patients: children with diagnosis of West syndrome (WS) or with transitions to another age-related EEG patterns, the multifocal independent spikes (MIS), and the slow spike-wave complexes (Lennox-Gastaut syndrome - LGS). Thus, WS was studied at different points of the natural evolutive history of the disease. METHOD: A group of 50 patients (33 with WS, 10 with LGS and 7 with MIS) and 20 age-matched healthy controls were submitted to enumeration of T lymphocyte subsets: CD1, CD3, CD4, CD8, CD4/CD8 ratio and lymphocyte proliferation assay to phytohaemagglutinin (PHA), in the presence of autologous and AB, homologous plasma. Dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) skin test sensitization was performed only in patients. Determinations of IgG, IgA, and IgM serum levels were compared to standard values for Brazilian population in different age ranges. RESULTS: Sensitization to DNCB showed absent or low skin reactions in 76% of the patients. High levels of IgG (45.7%) and IgM (61.4%), and lower levels of IgA (23.9%) were detected in the serum of the patients. Enumeration of lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood showed: low CD3+ (p<0.05), low CD4+ (p<0.05), high CD8+ (p<0.01) and low CD4+ / CD8+ ratio (p<0.001). The proportion of CD1+ cells in the control group was less than 3%, while ranged between 6 and 11 % in 18% of the patients. The in vitro PHA-induced T cell proliferation showed significantly low blastogenic indices only when patients, cells were cultured in presence of their own plasma. No differences in blastogenic indices were observed when the cells of patients and controls were cultured with human AB plasma. CONCLUSION: The immunodeficiency in WS was mainly characterized by anergy, impaired cell-mediated immunity, altered levels of immunoglobulins, presence of immature thymocytes in peripheral blood and functional impairment of T lymphocytes induced by plasma inhibitory factors.

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Associations of Bitumen Fumes with Lymphocyte Subsets and Cytokines Expression in the Peripheral Blood of Exposed Workers

Annals of Work Exposures and Health ◽

10.1093/annweh/wxab074 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Xiaohan Yang ◽

Qiang Jia ◽

Gongchang Yu ◽

Bo Jiao ◽

Kai Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

T Cell ◽

Peripheral Blood ◽

Lymphocyte Subsets ◽

Nk Cell ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Exposed Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Serum Cytokines ◽

Short Term Exposure ◽

Exposed Workers

Abstract Objectives The present study aimed to investigate the distribution of lymphocyte subsets and cytokines expression in the peripheral blood of bitumen fumes-exposed workers. Methods In this study, 129 workers from molding and roasting workshops were recruited as the exposed group and 99 office and quality inspection staff were chosen as the control. The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) levels of bitumen fumes in individual and fixed-point air samples and the urinary levels of 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OH-P), 1-hydroxynaphthols (1-OH-N) and 2-hydroxynaphthols (2-OH-N) in workers were measured using High Performance Liquid Chromatography. The lymphocyte subsets and serum cytokines concentrations were analyzed by flow cytometry and cytometric bead array, respectively. Results The median values of PAHs were 0.08 mg/m3 for permissible concentration-time weighted average and 0.12 mg/m3 for permissible concentration-short term exposure (PC-STEL) in molding and roasting workshops, which were higher than that in the control area (< 0.01 mg/m3). Multivariate linear regression models were used to adjust for influential covariates, including age, gender, work age, smoking status, and alcohol consumptions. After adjusting for these covariates, we compared levels of urinary PAHs metabolites, the percentages of lymphocyte subsets, and serum cytokines concentrations between the two groups. The 1-OH-P, 1-OH-N, and 2-OH-N levels in the urine of bitumen fumes exposed workers were significantly higher than that in the controls (P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the percentage of the natural killer (NK) cell (CD56+ cell) was significantly increased in the exposed group (P < 0.001). There was a significant decrease in the percentages of CD3+ T cell, CD4+ T cell, and CD8+ T cell in the exposed group compared to the control (P < 0.001). The serum levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-6 in bitumen fumes exposed workers were significantly higher than that of the controls (P < 0.05). Moreover, positive correlations were observed between the serum levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and urinary 1-OH-P levels in bitumen fumes-exposed workers, respectively (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the serum levels of IL-8, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), macrophage inflammatory protein-1β (MIP-1β) and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) between the exposed group and the control group (P > 0.05). Conclusion Our study suggested that low dose of bitumen fumes exposure could decrease the percentage of T cell, increase the percentage of NK cell and stimulate the release of serum IL-1β and IL-6 in the peripheral blood of exposed workers. The serum levels of IL-1β and IL-6 were positive correlated with the urinary 1-OH-P levels in bitumen fumes exposed workers. These results may inform the search for potential effective biomarkers and provide evidences for early health monitoring in workers occupationally exposed to bitumen fumes.

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Isoflurane decreases interleukin-2 production by increasing c-Cbl and Cbl-b expression in rat peripheral blood mononuclear cells

Journal of International Medical Research ◽

10.1177/0300060518770955 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 46 (7) ◽

pp. 2792-2802

Author(s):

Ji Won Choi ◽

Byung Seop Shin

Keyword(s):

T Cell ◽

Protein Kinase ◽

General Anesthesia ◽

Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells ◽

Peripheral Blood ◽

Mononuclear Cells ◽

Cell Function ◽

Control Group ◽

Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽

Blood Mononuclear Cells

Objective To evaluate how isoflurane affects T-cell function by assaying interleukin (IL)-2 production and the expression of two Casitas B-lineage lymphoma (Cbl) family proto-oncogenes (c-Cbl and Cbl-b) in rat peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Methods Adult male Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly allocated to those that underwent blood collection after brief isoflurane anesthesia (control group), immediately after 4 hours of isoflurane general anesthesia (4I group), and 1 day after 4 hours of isoflurane general anesthesia (1D 4I group). IL-1, IL-2, and IL-6 mRNA levels and c-Cbl and Cbl-b levels in PBMCs were determined by polymerase chain reaction. Ubiquitination of protein kinase Cθ (PKCθ) and phospholipase C-γ1 (PLC-γ1) in PBMCs was assessed by immunoprecipitation. Results The IL-2 mRNA level in rat PBMCs was significantly lower in the 4I and 1D 4I groups than in the control group. c-Cbl, Cbl-b, and ubiquitin expression was significantly increased and zeta-chain-associated protein kinase 70, PLC-γ1, and PKCθ protein levels were significantly decreased in the 4I group. Ubiquitination of PLC-γ1 and PKCθ was significantly increased in the 4I group. Conclusion Isoflurane influences ubiquitin, c-Cbl, and Cbl-b expression in rat PBMCs, indicating suppression of receptor tyrosine kinase signaling pathways. These results suggest that isoflurane suppresses T-cell function.

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Clinical relevance of T lymphocyte subsets in pediatric Graves’ disease

Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1515/jpem-2020-0158 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 33 (11) ◽

pp. 1425-1430

Author(s):

Ting Chen ◽

Linqi Chen ◽

Haojie Song ◽

Xiuli Chen ◽

Rongrong Xie ◽

...

Keyword(s):

T Cell ◽

Peripheral Blood ◽

Clinical Characteristics ◽

Hepatic Dysfunction ◽

Lymphocyte Subsets ◽

Cytotoxic T Cell ◽

Graves Disease ◽

T Lymphocyte Subsets ◽

Graves Orbitopathy ◽

Normal Alanine Aminotransferase

AbstractObjectivesGraves’ disease (GD) is an autoimmune disease involving intimate response of both T cells and B cells. Immunophenotyping of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in GD children with different clinical characteristics can provide further information of the pathogenesis of GD.MethodsWe studied the lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood of 141 children with GD. We repeatedly divided the patients into two groups in accordance with different clinical characteristics (abnormal or normal alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, the presence or absence of Graves’ orbitopathy (GO), and the presence or absence of hematuria. Then we compared the lymphocyte subsets measurements between two paired groups.ResultsWe found that serum ALT levels correlated positively with CD3+CD8+ T cell percentages in children with GD. Moreover, we detected higher percentages of CD3−CD19+ cells and higher ratio of CD4/CD8 in patients with GO. However, no correlation was found between GO status and lymphocyte subsets after excluding confounding effect of TRAb. No difference of lymphocyte subset percentages was found between groups with or without hematuria.ConclusionsSerum ALT levels correlate positively with cytotoxic T cell percentages in the peripheral blood of children with GD. The cytotoxic T cell may play a role in the pathogenesis of hepatic dysfunction in children with GD.

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CD8+ T lymphocyte is a main source of interferon-gamma production in Takayasu’s arteritis

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-96632-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yan-Long Ren ◽

Tao-Tao Li ◽

Wei Cui ◽

Li-Min Zhao ◽

Na Gao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Interferon Gamma ◽

T Lymphocyte ◽

Peripheral Blood ◽

Lymphocyte Subsets ◽

Takayasu’S Arteritis ◽

Control Group ◽

Takayasu's Arteritis ◽

Cd8 T Lymphocyte ◽

Healthy Control ◽

Ifn Γ

AbstractInterferon-gamma (IFN-γ) is a cytokine involved in the pathogenesis of Takayasu’s arteritis (TAK). However, the source of IFN-γ in TAK patients is not fully clear. We aimed to investigate the source of IFN-γ in TAK. 60 TAK patients and 35 health controls were enrolled. The lymphocyte subsets of peripheral blood were detected by flow cytometry, cytokines were detected by Bio-plex. The correlation among lymphocyte subsets, cytokines and disease activity indexes was analyzed by person correlation. The level of serum IFN-γ in TAK patients was significantly increased (P < 0.05). The percentage of CD3+IFN-γ+ cells in peripheral blood CD3+ cells was significantly higher in TAK patients than that of healthy control group (P = 0.002). A higher proportion of CD3+CD8+IFN-γ+ cells/CD3+IFN-γ+ cells (40.23 ± 11.98% vs 35.12 ± 11.51%, P = 0.049), and a significantly lower CD3+CD4+IFN-γ+/ CD3+CD8+IFN-γ+ ratio (1.34 ± 0.62% vs 1.80 ± 1.33%, P = 0.027) were showed in the TAK group than that of control group. The CD3+CD8+IFN-γ+/CD3+IFN-γ+ ratio was positively correlated with CD3+IFN-γ+cells/ CD3+cells ratio (r = 0.430, P = 0.001), serum IFN-γ level (r = 0.318, P = 0.040) and IL-17 level (r = 0.326, P = 0.031). It was negatively correlated with CD3+CD4+IFN-γ+/CD3+IFN-γ+ ratio (r = − 0.845, P < 0.001). IFN-γ secreted by CD3+CD8 + T cells is an important source of serum IFN-γ in TAK patients.

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Itolizumab As a Potential Therapeutic for the Prevention and Treatment of Graft Vs Host Disease

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood-2019-122787 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 134 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 5603-5603 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Cherie Tracy Ng ◽

Jeanette Ampudia ◽

Robert J. Soiffer ◽

Jerome Ritz ◽

Stephen Connelly

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

T Cells ◽

T Cell ◽

Peripheral Blood ◽

Research Funding ◽

Chronic Gvhd ◽

Vehicle Control ◽

Control Group ◽

Employment Equity ◽

Equity Ownership

Background: CD6 is a co-stimulatory receptor, predominantly expressed on T cells, that binds to activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM), a ligand expressed on antigen presentation cells and various epithelial and endothelial tissues. The CD6-ALCAM pathway plays an integral role in modulating T cell activation, proliferation, differentiation and trafficking and is central to inflammation. While effector T cell (Teff) are CD6hi and upregulate expression upon activation, regulatory T cells (Treg) remain CD6lo/-, making this an attractive target to modulate Teff activity while preserving Treg activity. Early studies by Soiffer and colleagues demonstrated using T12, an anti-CD6 monoclonal antibody (mAb) that ex-vivo depletion of CD6+ donor cells prior to transplantation decreased the incidence of both acute and chronic GVHD, highlighting the importance of CD6+ cells in GVHD pathogenesis and validating it as a therapeutic target. However, it remains to be shown whether modulating the CD6-ALCAM pathway in vivo can attenuate GVHD. We investigated the use of itolizumab, a humanized anti-CD6 mAb that has demonstrated clinical efficacy in other autoimmune diseases, as both a preventive and therapeutic treatment for GVHD, using a humanized xenograft mouse model. Methods: Humanized xenograft mice were generated by intravenous transfer of 2x10^7 human PBMCs into 6-8 weeks old NOD/SCID IL2rγ-null (NSG). To investigate the ability of itolizumab to prevent GVHD, mice were dosed with either 60μg or 300μg of itolizumab, 150μg of abatacept (CTLA4-Ig), or vehicle, starting one day prior to PBMC transplantation. To investigate the therapeutic effect of itolizumab, mice were dosed with either 150μg of itolizumab or vehicle, starting at Day 5 post-PBMC transfer, when transplanted T cells are already activated. All treatments were administered IP every other day. Weight and disease scores were monitored throughout the study. At Days 18 and 35, peripheral blood was evaluated by flow cytometry to examine T cell prevalence, and tissues were collected for histological examination of pathology and T cell infiltration. Results: When administered as prevention (Day -1), treatment with either 60μg or 300μg of itolizumab significantly decreased mortality compared to the vehicle control (100% vs. 10%); this decrease was similar to the positive control group treated with abatacept (Figure 1). At 60μg, itolizumab-treated mice demonstrated significant reductions in the prevalence of human T cells in peripheral blood vs. vehicle-treated mice at Day 18 (<0.2% vs. 74.5%; p < 0.001). The reduction in peripheral T cells was accompanied by reductions in tissue-infiltrating T cells in lung (85-fold) and gut (9.5-fold), as well as reductions in disease scores and weight loss. When administered therapeutically, treatment with itolizumab was associated with a survival rate of 50% compared to 10% in the control group (Figure 2). Similarly, peripheral T cell prevalence (34.3% vs. 65.1%; p < 0.001), weight loss, and disease scores were inhibited by itolizumab compared to vehicle control mice. Conclusions: These data suggest that systemic treatment with itolizumab can modulate pathogenic Teff cell activity, establishing this antibody as a potential therapeutic for patents with GvHD. A phase I/II study using itolizumab as first line treatment in combination with steroids for patients with aGVHD is currently ongoing (NCT03763318). Disclosures Ng: Equillium: Employment, Equity Ownership. Ampudia:Equillium: Employment. Soiffer:Mana therapeutic: Consultancy; Kiadis: Other: supervisory board; Gilead, Mana therapeutic, Cugene, Jazz: Consultancy; Juno, kiadis: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: DSMB; Cugene: Consultancy; Jazz: Consultancy. Ritz:Equillium: Research Funding; Merck: Research Funding; Avrobio: Consultancy; TScan Therapeutics: Consultancy; Talaris Therapeutics: Consultancy; Draper Labs: Consultancy; LifeVault Bio: Consultancy; Celgene: Consultancy; Aleta Biotherapeutics: Consultancy; Kite Pharma: Research Funding. Connelly:Equillium: Employment, Equity Ownership.

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Zinc supplementation has no effect on circulating levels of peripheral blood leucocytes and lymphocyte subsets in healthy adult men

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1079/bjn2003826 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 89 (5) ◽

pp. 695-703 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Maxine Bonham ◽

Jacqueline M. O'Connor ◽

H. Denis Alexander ◽

James Coulter ◽

Paula M. Walsh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

T Cells ◽

Adverse Effects ◽

Seasonal Variations ◽

Peripheral Blood ◽

Lymphocyte Subsets ◽

Immune Status ◽

Control Group ◽

Dietary Intakes ◽

Circulating Levels ◽

Peripheral Blood Leucocytes

As a result of evidence documenting harmful effects of Zn supplementation on immune function and Cu status, thirty-eight men were recruited onto a Zn supplementation trial. The aim was to examine the effects of chronic Zn supplementation on circulating levels of peripheral blood leucocytes and lymphocyte subsets. Subjects (n 19) took 30 mg Zn/d for 14 weeks followed by 3 mg Cu/d for 8 weeks to counteract adverse effects, if any, of Zn supplementation on immune status resulting from lowered Cu status. A control group (n 19) took placebo supplements for the duration of the trial. Dietary intakes of Zn approximated 10 mg/d. Blood samples, taken throughout the trial, were assessed for full blood profiles and flow cytometric analyses of lymphocyte subsets. Putative indices of Cu status were also examined. Results indicate that there was no effect of Zn supplementation on circulating levels of peripheral blood leucocytes or on lymphocyte subsets. Cu status was also unaltered. Independent of supplement, there appeared to be seasonal variations in selected lymphocyte subsets in both placebo and supplemented groups. Alterations in circulating levels of B cells (cluster of differentiation (CD) 19), memory T cells (CD45RO) and expression of the intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (CD54) on T cells were observed. Findings indicated no adverse effects of Zn supplementation on immune status or Cu status and support the US upper level of Zn tolerance of 40 mg/d. The seasonal variations observed in lymphocyte subsets in the group as a whole could have implications for seasonal variability in the incidence of infectious diseases.

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Improved Cell-Mediated Immunity in CAPD Patients as Compared to those on Hemodialysis

Peritoneal Dialysis International ◽

10.1177/089686088400400405 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 209-211 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Franca Giacchino ◽

M. Pozzato ◽

M. Formica ◽

F. Quarello ◽

G. Piccoli

Keyword(s):

T Cell ◽

Cell Function ◽

Normal Population ◽

Hemodialysis Patients ◽

The Other ◽

T Cell Subsets ◽

Skin Tests ◽

Cell Mediated Immunity ◽

In Vivo Assays

T -cell subsets were classified by monoclonal antibodies (OKT3 -peripheral mature T cells; OKT4 helper/inducer; OKT8 -cytotoxic/ suppressor) in CAPD and hemodialysis patients. Data were compared with in vivo assays of T cell function, such as DNCB and PPD skin tests. Uremic patients had significant absolute lymphopenia; when the results were expressed as a percentage of OKT3+ cells, they did not differ from the controls. When they suffered from peritonitis, CAPD patients showed an increase in OKT8+ cells, but the ratio ocOKT4+ cells to OKT8+ cells showed no significant deviation from the normal population. On the other hand, CAPD patients showed a better response to DNCB and PPD antigens. In the hemodialysis patients there was a significant correlation between the negative response to the DNCB test and blood transfusion. There was no correlation between the immune response and the primary disease, or the nutritional status in either groups.

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Age-related increase of frequency of a new, phenotypically distinct subpopulation of human peripheral blood T cells expressing lowered levels of CD4

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v98.4.1100 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 98 (4) ◽

pp. 1100-1107 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Ewa Bryl ◽

Magdalena Gazda ◽

Jerzy Foerster ◽

Jacek M. Witkowski

Keyword(s):

T Cells ◽

T Cell ◽

T Cell Activation ◽

Peripheral Blood ◽

Human Peripheral Blood ◽

The Elderly ◽

Cell Subpopulation ◽

Cell Phenotype ◽

Receptor Complexes ◽

Age Related

Aging is associated with modifications of T-cell phenotype and function, leading to impaired activation in response to both new and recall antigens. It is not known if T-cell activation results in elimination of a number of the CD4 molecules from the cell surface, as is the case with CD3/T-cell receptor complexes, or how aging influences the process. The T cells of young and elderly donors with reduced expression of CD4 were examined to see whether these cells exhibit other phenotypic features suggesting their active state. It was found that T lymphocytes expressing CD4 can be divided into 2 semidiscrete subpopulations: the major (CD4+) population, in which the level of expression of CD4 is constant and high, and a minor population (CD4lo), in which the expression of CD4 can be up to an order of magnitude lower than on the CD4+ cells. The proportion of CD4locells is age dependent and highly variable in the apparently healthy human population, with the expression of CD4 ranging from around 10% of all peripheral blood lymphocytes in the young to more than 30% in the elderly. Lowered expression of CD4 is correlated with a reduced expression of CD3, as well as with a decreased amount of CD28 and CD95Fas. Activation of CD4lo cells is suggested by their expression of CD25 and increased amounts of HLA-DR. Phenotypic characteristics of the CD4lo T-cell subpopulation suggest that it might be formed by (perhaps chronically) activated, temporarily apoptosis-resistant cells, possibly accumulating in the elderly.

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Prolonged CD4 depletion after sequential autologous peripheral blood progenitor cell infusions in children and young adults

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v96.2.754.014k39_754_762 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 96 (2) ◽

pp. 754-762 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Crystal L. Mackall ◽

Dagmar Stein ◽

Thomas A. Fleisher ◽

Margaret R. Brown ◽

Frances T. Hakim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

T Cells ◽

T Cell ◽

Peripheral Blood ◽

Immune Reconstitution ◽

Residual Disease ◽

High Dose Chemotherapy ◽

High Dose ◽

Cell Dose ◽

Age Related ◽

Large Numbers

Administration of mobilized peripheral blood progenitor cells (PBPCs) after high-dose chemotherapy rapidly restores multilineage hematopoiesis, but the ability of such products to restore lymphocyte populations remains unclear. In this report, we evaluated immune reconstitution in a series of patients treated with sequential cycles of high-dose chemotherapy, followed by autologous PBPC infusions (median CD34+ cell dose 7.2 × 106 cells/kg [range 2-29.3]). Although patients experienced rapid reconstitution of B cells and CD8+ T cells, we observed CD4 depletion and diminished immune responsiveness in all patients for several months after completion of therapy. Mature CD4+ T cells contained within the grafts did not appear to contribute substantially to immune reconstitution because CD4 counts did not differ between recipients of unmanipulated T-cell replete infusions versus CD34 selected, T-cell–depleted infusions. Rather, at 12 months after therapy, total CD4 count was inversely proportional to age (ρ = −0.78,P = .04), but showed no relationship to CD34 cell dose (ρ = −0.42, P = .26), suggesting that age-related changes within the host are largely responsible for the limited immune reconstitution observed. These results demonstrate that in the autologous setting, the infusion of large numbers of PBPCs is not sufficient to restore T-cell immune competence and emphasize that specific approaches to enhance immune reconstitution are necessary if immune-based therapy is to be used to eradicate minimal residual disease after autologous PBPC transplantation.

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Peripheral blood CD4+CRTH2+ cells in advanced stage non small cell lung cancer

Open Medicine ◽

10.2478/s11536-009-0047-0 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 431-436

Author(s):

Bülent Karagöz ◽

Oğuz Bilgi ◽

Emin Kandemir ◽

Alev Erikçi ◽

Özkan Sayan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

T Cells ◽

T Cell ◽

Patient Group ◽

Peripheral Blood ◽

Control Group ◽

Advanced Stage ◽

Cell Percentage ◽

Nsclc Patients ◽

Cd4 Cell

AbstractTo investigate CD4+CRTH2+ cells in peripheral blood in advanced stage non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Forty-six patients with advanced stage NSCLC, who are chemotherapy or radiotherapy naïve, and 17 healthy volunteers, were enrolled in this study. The study was performed using flow cytometry and a complete blood cell counter analyser. CD4+ T cell percentage, CD4/CD8 ratio, CRTH2+CD4+ cell percentages, counts, and mean fluorescein intensity (MFI) and hematological parameters were evaluated in both groups. A survival analysis was performed to compare the patients with high CD4+CRTH2+ cell percentage and those with low CD4+CRTH2+ percentage. CD4+ T cell percentage in total lymphocytes and the CD4/CD8 ratio were lower in the patient group than in the control group. The absolute CD8 T cell count was higher in the patient group than in the control group, whereas the total T cells was not different. The CRTH2+ cell percentage in CD4+ T cells (7.96% ± 6.21% vs 3.37% ± 3.55%; respectively; p: 0,001) and the absolute count of CRTH2+CD4+ cells ( 97 mm-3 ± 109 mm-3 vs 37 mm-3 ± 38 mm-3, respectively; p: 0,033) in the patient group were higher than in the control group, but CRTH2-PE MFI values were not different between groups. Cox regression analysis did not show that CRTH2+CD4+ cell count or percentage is an independent prognostic factor. The study found that CRTH2 expression of CD4+ T cells and CRTH2+CD4+ cell number are higher in the peripheral blood of NSCLC patients than in that of healthy subjects. Further studies that explore the biological significance of high CD4+CRTH2+ cells in lung cancer patients, should be pursued.

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