Factors associated with fecal-shedding of Salmonella spp by horses on US operations

In a cross-sectional national study that included 972 operations with > 3 horses on 1/1/98 in 28 states in the USA, 8,417 fecal specimens were collected from horses and cultured to test for the presence of Salmonella spp. Operations were characterized as Salmonella spp-positive if at least one fecal specimen tested positive for Salmonella spp. Percentages of Salmonella spp-positive operations were computed by management and other factors (collected from operation-level questionnaires) that were hypothesized to be related to fecal shedding of Salmonella spp. A logistic-regression model was constructed to identify factors associated with horses’ shedding Salmonella spp in feces on an operation. The odds of an operation being Salmonella spp positive increased as the number of resident horses increased. In addition, the following factors were found to be associated with increased odds of an operation being Salmonella spp positive: horses were used primarily for breeding; operation cleanliness was characterized as poor by the data collector; and new resident equids had been added to the operation without routine quarantine.

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Knowledge, attitudes, practices, and influencing factors of anxiety among pregnant women in Wuhan during the outbreak of COVID-19: a cross-sectional study

BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth ◽

10.1186/s12884-021-03561-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Wenping Ding ◽

Jianmei Lu ◽

Yan Zhou ◽

Weizhong Wei ◽

Zhihong Zhou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Influencing Factors ◽

Information Source ◽

Influential Factors ◽

Public Health Issue ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Attitudes And Practices ◽

Prenatal Anxiety

Abstract Background Prenatal anxiety has been a significant public health issue globally, leading to adverse health outcomes for mothers and children. The study aimed to evaluate the sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP), and anxiety level of pregnant women during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic in Wuhan and investigate the influencing factors for prenatal anxiety in this specific context. Methods Pregnant subjects’ KAP towards COVID-19 and their sociodemographics and pregnancy information were collected using questionnaires. The Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) was used to assess anxiety status. Factors associated with the level of prenatal anxiety were analyzed by Pearson’s chi-square test and multivariable logistic regression analyses. Results The prenatal anxiety prevalence in this population was 20.8%. The mean score of knowledge was 13.2 ± 1.1 on a 0 ~ 14 scale. The attitudes and practices data showed that 580/ 817 (71.0%) were very concerned about the news of COVID-19, 455/817 (55.7%) considered the official media to be the most reliable information source for COVID-19, and 681/817 (83.4%) were anxious about the possibility of being infected by COVID-19. However, only 83/817 (10.2%) worried about contracting COVID-19 infection through the ultrasound transducer during a routing morphology scan. About two-thirds 528/817 (64.6%) delayed or canceled the antenatal visits. Approximately half of them 410/817 (50.2%) used two kinds of personal protection equipments (PPEs) during hospital visits. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the influential factors for prenatal anxiety included previous children in the family, knowledge score, media trust, worry of contracting the COVID-19 infection and worry about getting infected with COVID-19 from the ultrasound probe antenatal care (ANC) schedule. Conclusion Prenatal anxiety was prevalent among pregnant women in Wuhan during the outbreak of COVID-19. The current findings identified factors associated with the level of prenatal anxiety that could be targeted for psychological care.

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Anorectal pathology amongst HIV infected patients attending the Douala General Hospital: a cross-sectional study

International Journal of STD & AIDS ◽

10.1177/0956462416650817 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 28 (4) ◽

pp. 389-396 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Henry Namme Luma ◽

Servais Albert Fiacre Bagnaka Eloumou ◽

Ellis Atemlefeh Fualefeh-Morfaw ◽

Agnes Malongue ◽

Elvis Temfack ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

General Hospital ◽

Laboratory Data ◽

Study Participant ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Interquartile Range ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated

While gastrointestinal disease is common among HIV infected individuals, the prevalence and distribution of ano-rectal pathology has not been well studied in our setting. The objective of this study therefore was to determine the prevalence and determinants of ano-rectal pathology in HIV infected patients attending the Douala General Hospital HIV treatment centre. A hospital-based cross-sectional study was undertaken. We collected socio-demographic, clinical and laboratory data using a structured questionnaire and patients’ files. Each study participant had a full physical and ano-rectal examination. We further studied factors associated with having at least one ano-rectal lesion by logistic regression reporting odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI). We included 390 HIV infected patients. The mean age was 41 (SD: 8) years and 48% were men. Median duration since HIV diagnosis was 3 (interquartile range: 2–5) years and median CD4 cell count was 411 (interquartile range: 234–601) cells/mm3. Prevalence of ano-rectal pathology was 22.8% (95% CI: 18.7–27.3). Hemorrhoids and proctitis were most common lesions found; each in 10% of patients. From multivariate logistic regression, factors associated with ano-rectal pathology were CD4 < 350 cells/ml (OR: 2.1, 95% CI: 1.1–4.2), not on highly active antiretroviral therapy (OR: 2.2, 95% CI: 1.1–4.6), inpatient (OR: 2.3, 95% CI: 1.2–4.3), ano-rectal intercourse (OR: 5.0, 95% CI: 1.7–15.1), and more than one sexual partner (OR: 2.4, 95% CI: 1.3–4.2). Ano-rectal pathology is common amongst HIV infected patients. Care givers should actively investigate and treat them as this will improve the quality of life of people living with HIV/AIDS.

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The relationship between disability and suicide: prospective evidence from the Ten to Men cohort

Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/pubmed/fdy197 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 41 (4) ◽

pp. 707-713 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Allison Milner ◽

Anne-Marie Bollier ◽

Eric Emerson ◽

Anne Kavanagh

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Regression Model ◽

Logistic Regression Model ◽

People With Disabilities ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Longitudinal Cohort ◽

The Past ◽

The Relationship

Abstract Background People with disabilities often face a range of social and economic adversities. Evidence suggests that these disadvantages result in poorer mental health. Some research also indicates that people with disabilities are more likely experience thoughts about suicide than people without disability, although most of this research is based on small cross-sectional samples. Methods We explored the relationship between self-reported disability (measured at baseline) and likelihood of reporting thoughts of suicide (measured at follow up) using a large longitudinal cohort of Australian males. A logistic regression model was conducted with thoughts of suicide within the past 12 months (yes or no) as the outcome and disability as the exposure. The models adjusted for relevant confounders, including mental health using the SF-12 MCS, and excluded males who reported thoughts of suicide at baseline. Results After adjustment, there was a 1.48 (95% CI: 0.98–2.23, P = 0.063) increase in the odds of thoughts of suicide among men who also reported a disability. The size of association was similar to that of being unemployed. Conclusions Males reporting disability may also suffer from thoughts of suicide. We speculate that discrimination may be one explanation for the observed association. More research on this topic is needed.

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Quality of Care in Long-Term Hemodialysis Patients in Mexico

Austin Journal of Nephrology and Hypertension ◽

10.26420/austinjnephrolhypertens.2021.1091 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Torres-Díaz JA ◽

◽

Gonzalez-Gonzalez JG ◽

Zúniga-Hernández JA ◽

Olivo-Gutiérrez MC ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Quality Of Care ◽

Linear Regression ◽

Regression Model ◽

Linear Regression Model ◽

World Literature ◽

Logistic Regression Model ◽

Hospital Admissions ◽

Cross Sectional

Introduction: The End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) is one of the leading causes of mortality in Mexico. The quality of care these patients receive remains uncertain. Methods: This is a descriptive, single-center and cross-sectional cohort study. The KDOQI performance measures, hemoglobin level >11 g/dL, blood pressure <140/90 mmHg, serum albumin >4 g/dL and use of arteriovenous fistula of patients with ESRD on hemodialysis were analyzed in a period of a year. The association between mortality and the KDOQI objectives was evaluated with a logistic regression model. A linear regression model was also performed with the number of readmissions. Results: A total of 124 participants were included. Participants were categorized by the number of measures completed. Fourteen (11.3%) of the participants did not meet any of the goals, 51 (41.1%) met one, 43 (34.7%) met two, 11 (8.9%) met three, and 5 (4%) met the four clinical goals analyzed. A mortality of 11.2% was registered. In the logistic regression model, the number of goals met had an OR for mortality of 1.1 (95% CI 0.5-2.8). In the linear regression model, for the number of readmissions, a beta correlation with the number of KDOQI goals met was 0.246 (95% CI -0.872-1.365). Conclusion: The attainment of clinical goals and the mortality rate in our center is similar to that reported in the world literature. Our study did not find a significant association between compliance with clinical guidelines and mortality or the number of hospital admissions in CKD patients on hemodialysis.

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Investigation of some factors associated with utilization of maternal health care services by adolescent mothers in Tanzania

Tanzania Journal of Science ◽

10.4314/tjs.v47i2.39 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 47 (2) ◽

pp. 847-861

Author(s):

Elia Magwaja ◽

Jacqueline Minja ◽

Majige Selemani Budeba ◽

Rocky R.J. Akarro

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Maternal Health ◽

Health Facility ◽

Adolescent Mothers ◽

Maternal Health Care ◽

Adolescent Mother ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Safe Delivery ◽

Factors Associated

This study examined some factors associated with the utilization of maternal health care servicesby adolescent mothers (15-19 years) in Tanzania in order to provide advice accordingly. The studyused cross-sectional study of adolescent mothers aged 15-19 years using Demographic HealthSurvey and Malaria indicator Survey 2015/16 data. The dependent variables were number ofantenatal care visits, the place where an adolescent mother delivered and post-natal checkup(adolescent mother’s health checking after being discharged or after a home delivery). Theindependent variables were birth order, education level of a mother, marital status of a mother,media exposure, wealth index, distance to health facility. Multiple binary logistic regression wasused to examine an association between each dependent variable and their respective independentvariables. Data was analyzed using IBM SPSS statistics and STATA. This study used 550adolescent mothers in the analysis. Majority of the adolescent mothers had less than four AntenatalCare (ANC) visits (53.5%), while 68.5% of adolescent mothers delivered at a health facility.Adolescent mothers with two or more children had less odds of having at least four ANCscompared to those with one child, whereas adolescent mothers with at least secondary educationhad greater odds of delivering at a health facility compared to those who had no education.Adolescent mothers who had at least four antenatal care visits and those who are married hadgreater odds of checking their health after being discharged compared to adolescent mothers whohad less than 4 ANCs and single adolescent mothers. It was advised that provision of maternaleducation to young girls on the importance of safe delivery and health checking after delivery isvery important to reduce adolescent maternal morbidity and mortality in the country. Keywords: Adolescent; Maternal Health; Logistic regression; Chi-square

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Data-Driven Decision Making and Proactive Citizen–Scientist Communication: A Cross-Sectional Study on COVID-19 Vaccination Adherence

Vaccines ◽

10.3390/vaccines9121384 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. 1384

Author(s):

Emil Syundyukov ◽

Martins Mednis ◽

Linda Zaharenko ◽

Eva Pildegovica ◽

Ieva Danovska ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Exploratory Study ◽

Large Scale ◽

Severe Disease ◽

Data Driven ◽

Personal Factors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Digital Platform ◽

Factors Associated

Due to the severe impact of COVID-19 on public health, rollout of the vaccines must be large-scale. Current solutions are not intended to promote an active collaboration between communities and public health researchers. We aimed to develop a digital platform for communication between scientists and the general population, and to use it for an exploratory study on factors associated with vaccination readiness. The digital platform was developed in Latvia and was equipped with dynamic consent management. During a period of six weeks 467 participants were enrolled in the population-based cross-sectional exploratory study using this platform. We assessed demographics, COVID-19-related behavioral and personal factors, and reasons for vaccination. Logistic regression models adjusted for the level of education, anxiety, factors affecting the motivation to vaccinate, and risk of infection/severe disease were built to investigate their association with vaccination readiness. In the fully adjusted multiple logistic regression model, factors associated with vaccination readiness were anxiety (odds ratio, OR = 3.09 [95% confidence interval 1.88; 5.09]), feelings of social responsibility (OR = 1.61 [1.16; 2.22]), and trust in pharmaceutical companies (OR = 1.53 [1.03; 2.27]). The assessment of a large number of participants in a six-week period show the potential of a digital platform to create a data-driven dialogue on vaccination readiness.

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Public acceptability of the UK Soft Drinks Industry Levy: repeat cross-sectional analysis of the International Food Policy Study (2017–2019)

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2021-051677 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (9) ◽

pp. e051677

Author(s):

Jean Adams ◽

David Pell ◽

Tarra L Penney ◽

David Hammond ◽

Lana Vanderlee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Regression Model ◽

Logistic Regression Model ◽

Food Policy ◽

Perceived Effectiveness ◽

Policy Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Public Acceptability ◽

Adjusted Logistic Regression ◽

The Uk

ObjectivesTo determine whether public acceptability, in terms of both support for and perceived effectiveness of, the UK Soft Drinks Industry Levy (SDIL) changed between 4 months prior to, and 8 and 20 months after, implementation.DesignRepeat cross-sectional online survey.SettingThe UK.ParticipantsUK respondents to the International Food Policy Study aged 18–64 years who provided information on all variables of interest in November–December 2017 (4 months prior to SDIL implementation), 2018 (8 months after) or 2019 (20 months after; n=10 284).Outcome measuresSelf-reported support for, and perceived effectiveness of, the SDIL.ResultsThe adjusted logistic regression model predicted that 70% (95% CI: 68% to 72%) of participants supported the SDIL in 2017, 68% (95% CI: 67% to 70%) in 2018 and 68% (95% CI: 66% to 70%) in 2019. There was no evidence of a difference in support in 2018 vs 2017 (OR: 0.93; 95% CI: 0.81 to 1.05); or in 2019 vs 2017 (OR: 0.90; 95% CI: 0.78 to 1.03). The adjusted logistic regression model predicted that 72% (95% CI: 70% to 74%) of participants perceived the SDIL to be effective in 2017, 67% (95% CI: 65% to 69%) in 2018 and 67% (95% CI: 64% to 69%) in 2019. There was evidence that perceived effectiveness decreased a small amount in 2018 vs 2017 (OR: 0.78; 95% CI: 0.69 to 0.88). The difference in 2019 vs 2017 was similar.ConclusionsWe found high support for the SDIL among UK adults and this did not change between 4 months before implementation and 8 or 20 months after. While perceived effectiveness remained high, there was evidence that this decreased slightly after implementation in 2018, but no further in 2019. Greater understanding of influences on public acceptability of effective structural public health interventions is required.

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Response to the Comment on: Factors Associated with Increased Pain in Primary Dysmenorrhea: Analysis Using a Multivariate Ordered Logistic Regression Model

Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology ◽

10.1016/j.jpag.2018.03.009 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

pp. 433

Author(s):

Antonio Palazón-Bru ◽

María Isabel Tomás-Rodríguez ◽

José Vicente Toledo-Marhuenda ◽

Vicente Francisco Gil-Guillén

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Regression Model ◽

Logistic Regression Model ◽

Primary Dysmenorrhea ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Ordered Logistic Regression

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Multi-Dimensional Factors Associated with Illegal Substance Use Among Gay and Bisexual Men in Taiwan

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16224476 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (22) ◽

pp. 4476 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Dian-Jeng Li ◽

Shiou-Lan Chen ◽

Cheng-Fang Yen

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Early Adulthood ◽

Gay And Bisexual Men ◽

Stepwise Logistic Regression ◽

Childhood And Adolescence ◽

Bisexual Men ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

And Bisexual

Illegal substance use in sexual minorities is an important health issue worldwide. The present cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the multi-dimensional factors associated with illegal substance use among gay and bisexual men in Taiwan. This questionnaire-survey study recruited 500 gay or bisexual men aged between 20 and 25 years. Their experiences of using eight kinds of illegal substances in the preceding month were collected. Their previous experiences of homophobic bullying, satisfaction with academic performance, truancy, perceived family and peer support in childhood and adolescence, and social-demographic characteristics, were also collected. Potential factors associated with illegal substance use were identified using univariate logistic regression, and further selected into a forward stepwise logistic regression model to identify the factors most significantly related to illegal substance use. A total of 22 (4.4%) participants reported illegal substance use in the preceding month, and mean age was 22.9 ± 1.6. Forward stepwise logistic regression revealed that being victims of homophobic cyberbullying in childhood and adolescence (odds ratio (OR) = 1.26; p = 0.011), disclosure of sexual orientation at junior high school (OR = 4.67; p = 0.001), and missing classes or truancy in senior high school (OR = 2.52; p = 0.041) were significantly associated with illegal substance use in early adulthood. Multi-dimensional factors in childhood and adolescence that were significantly associated with illegal substance use in early adulthood among gay and bisexual men were identified. Besides traditional bullying, the effect of cyberbullying and school performance on illegal substance use should not be ignored. This study is limited to the cross-sectional design and possible recall bias. Mental health professionals must routinely assess these significant factors to prevent and intervene in illegal substance use among gay and bisexual men.

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