Spatial-temporal analysis of water requirements of coffee crop in Minas Gerais State, Brazil

Scientific investigations about crop water requirements are of fundamental importance to the irrigation process. The main objective of this paper is to analyze and to map water requirements of coffee crop in Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Potential evapotranspiration values (ET0) were estimated by the Penman-Monteith-FAO method, using daily data sets available for 42 National Meteorology Institute (INMET) stations for a period of 17 years. The crop coefficient values (kc) considered were extracted from literature. The results were analyzed by means of geostatistical tools. The theoretical semi-variograms were fitted by the Maximum Likelihood method, considering spherical, exponential and Gaussian models. The maps were created using the ordinary kriging method. In a general way, the results have showed that the coffee crop evapotranspiration (ETc) presents high variability in Minas Gerais State. The largest variations, both spatial and temporal, have been observed in the northern part of the State. January and June, respectively, presented the highest and the smallest water requirements of coffee crop. Based on this, we can conclude that due to the coffee crop evapotranspiration (ETc) data distinction in different regions of Minas Gerais, a good estimate of the ETc values for each locality will bring many benefits to the coffee growers regarding irrigation scheduling.

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Water requirement and crop coefficients of sorghum in Apodi Plateau

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental ◽

10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v25n10p684-688 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 25 (10) ◽

pp. 684-688

Author(s):

João G. A. Lima ◽

José Espínola Sobrinho ◽

José F. de Medeiros ◽

Paula C. Viana ◽

Rudah M. Maniçoba

Keyword(s):

Vegetation Index ◽

Normalized Difference Vegetation Index ◽

Irrigation Management ◽

High Growth ◽

Crop Coefficient ◽

Northeastern Brazil ◽

Crop Evapotranspiration ◽

Water Requirements ◽

Total Crop ◽

Crop Coefficients

ABSTRACT Sorghum is of significant economic importance for Northeastern Brazil, since it exhibits high growth rates in regions with irregular rainfall distribution and high temperatures, and is an alternative to corn, which has greater water requirements. Despite being a traditional crop in the region, there are few studies on irrigation management in the Apodi plateau. The aim of this study was to determine the evapotranspiration of the crop and the crop coefficient (Kc) for the different stages of sorghum growth in two cycles, and establish the relationship between the Kc and the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) obtained by radiometry. Two weighing lysimeters were used to estimate crop evapotranspiration (ETc). Reference evapotranspiration (ETo) was estimated by the Penman-Monteith method (FAO) and the crop coefficient determined using two methodologies: simple Kc and dual Kc. Total crop evapotranspiration in the two cycles was 452 and 557 mm. The ETc value was 23% higher in the second cycle compared to the first. The maximum Kc values for the first and second cycles were 1.21 and 1.35, respectively, using the dual Kc methodology. The linear relationship found between the Kc values and the NDVI allows monitoring and estimating the water requirements of the crop.

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EVAPOTRANSPIRAÇÃO E COEFICIENTE DE CULTURA DO CAFEEIRO IRRIGADO A PARTIR DE IMAGENS DE SENSORES ORBITAIS

Irriga ◽

10.15809/irriga.2019v1n1p31-37 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 31-37

Author(s):

THALLES LOIOLA DIAS ◽

Alex PORTO RODRIGUES ◽

MILLER RAIK ARCANJO BATISTA ◽

Marcelo Rossi Vicente ◽

RONALDO MEDEIROS DOS SANTOS

Keyword(s):

Energy Balance ◽

Surface Energy ◽

Surface Energy Balance ◽

Irrigation Management ◽

Crop Coefficient ◽

Minas Gerais ◽

Crop Evapotranspiration ◽

Landsat 7 ◽

Sebal Model ◽

E Mail

EVAPOTRANSPIRAÇÃO E COEFICIENTE DE CULTURA DO CAFEEIRO IRRIGADO A PARTIR DE IMAGENS DE SENSORES ORBITAIS THALLES LOIOLA DIAS1; ALEX PORTO RODRIGUES2; MILLER RAIK ARCANJO BATISTA3; Marcelo Rossi Vicente4 e Ronaldo Medeiros dos Santos5 1 Instituto Federal do Norte de Minas Gerais, Campus Salinas, Fazenda Varginha Km 02 Rod. Salinas/Taiobeiras - Salinas/MG -CEP:39560-000, Salinas, MG, Brasil. E-mail: [email protected]. 2 Instituto Federal do Norte de Minas Gerais, Campus Salinas, Fazenda Varginha Km 02 Rod. Salinas/Taiobeiras - Salinas/MG -CEP:39560-000, Salinas, MG, Brasil. E-mail: [email protected]. 3 Instituto Federal do Norte de Minas Gerais, Campus Salinas, Fazenda Varginha Km 02 Rod. Salinas/Taiobeiras - Salinas/MG -CEP:39560-000, Salinas, MG, Brasil. E-mail: [email protected]. 4 Instituto Federal do Norte de Minas Gerais, Campus Salinas, Fazenda Varginha Km 02 Rod. Salinas/Taiobeiras - Salinas/MG -CEP:39560-000, Salinas, MG, Brasil. E-mail: [email protected]. 5 Instituto Federal do Norte de Minas Gerais, Campus Salinas, Fazenda Varginha Km 02 Rod. Salinas/Taiobeiras - Salinas/MG - CEP:39560-000, Salinas, MG, Brasil. E-mail:[email protected]. 1 RESUMO O uso de sensoriamento remoto na agricultura é uma realidade. Dentre os diversos usos, destaca-se a determinação da evapotranspiração dos cultivos para o auxílio do processo de gerenciamento da irrigação. O presente trabalho objetivou determinar a evapotranspiração e o coeficiente da cultura do cafeeiro através do algoritmo SEBAL (Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land) na região Oeste da Bahia. Para a realização do estudo foram utilizadas imagens do satélite LANDSAT 7. A evapotranspiração de referência foi estimada pelo método Penman-Monteith FAO e, posteriormente, calculou-se o coeficiente da cultura (Kc) com base na evapotranspiração obtida via SEBAL. Os índices estatísticos para avaliar a eficácia do modelo SEBAL foram: o desvio da raiz quadrada média (RMSE); o erro médio absoluto (MAE); o coeficiente de determinação (R2); e o erro relativo (RE). O modelo SEBAL mostrou-se eficiente na determinação da evapotranspiração da cultura do cafeeiro e no coeficiente de cultura. Palavras-chave: índice de vegetação; sebal; manejo de irrigação. DIAS, T.L.; RODRIGUES, A.P.; BATISTA, M.R.A.; VICENTE, M.R.; SANTOS, R. M. EVAPOTRANSPIRATION AND CROP COEFFICIENT OF COFFEE PLANTS FROM ORBITAL SENSORS IMAGES 2 ABSTRACT The use of remote sensing in agriculture is a reality. Among the various uses, the determination of crop evapotranspiration to aid the irrigation management process is detached. The present work aimed to determine the evapotranspiration and the crop coefficient of coffee through the Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land (SEBAL) in western Bahia. LANDSAT 7 satellite images were used to perform the study. The reference evapotranspiration was estimated by the FAO Penman-Monteith method and subsequently the crop coefficient (Kc) was calculated based on the evapotranspiration obtained by SEBAL. The statistical indexes for evaluating the effectiveness of the SEBAL model were the root mean square error (RMSE), the mean absolute error (MAE), the coefficient of determination (R²) and the relative error (RE). The SEBAL model proved to be efficient in determining coffee crop evapotranspiration and crop coefficient. Keywords: vegetation index; sebal; water management.

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Crop Coefficients and Transpiration of a Super Intensive Arbequina Olive Orchard using the Dual Kc Approach and the Kcb Computation with the Fraction of Ground Cover and Height

Water ◽

10.3390/w11020383 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 383 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Teresa Paço ◽

Paula Paredes ◽

Luis Pereira ◽

José Silvestre ◽

Francisco Santos

Keyword(s):

Water Balance ◽

Soil Water ◽

Irrigation Management ◽

Crop Coefficient ◽

Ground Cover ◽

Soil Water Balance ◽

Crop Evapotranspiration ◽

Crop Water ◽

Water Requirements ◽

Olive Orchard

The SIMDualKc model was used to simulate crop water requirements for a super high density olive orchard in the region of Alentejo, Portugal. This model uses the dual crop coefficient approach to estimate and partitioning the actual crop evapotranspiration (ETc act) and therefore to perform the soil water balance. The model was calibrated with 2011 tree transpiration using trunk sap flow measurements and was validated using similar data from 2012 and tested with 2013 data. Low root mean square errors (RMSE < 0.53 mm·d−1) and acceptable modelling efficiency indicators (EF > 0.25) were obtained. Further validation was performed comparing modelled ETc act with eddy covariance measurements. These indicators support the appropriateness of using SIMDualKc to guide irrigation management. The basal crop coefficient (Kcb) curves obtained with SIMDualKc for those 3 years were compared with the Kcb values computed with the Allen and Pereira approach (A&P approach) where Kcb is estimated from the fraction of ground cover and plant height considering an adjustment factor for crop stomatal control (Fr). Fr values were obtained through a trial and error procedure through comparing the Kcb estimated with this approach and with SIMDualKc. The Kcb curves obtained by both methods resulted highly correlated, which indicates that the A&P approach may be used in the irrigation management practice to estimate crop water requirements. Results of performing the soil water balance with SIMDualKc have shown that soil evaporation is a large fraction of ETc act, varying between 41% and 45% for the 3 years under study. Irrigation, applied with a drip system, represented 39 to 56% of ETc act, which shows the great importance of irrigation to achieve the water requirements of super intensive olive orchards. Nevertheless, the analysis has shown that the irrigation management adopted at the orchard produces a water deficit larger than desirable, with a ratio of ETc act to non-stressed crop evapotranspiration (ETc) varying from 70% to 94% during the mid-season, when that ratio for a eustress irrigation management could be around 90%.

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Modelling water requirements of greenhouse spinach for irrigation management purposes

Hydrology Research ◽

10.2166/nh.2016.079 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 48 (3) ◽

pp. 776-788 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Andrea Bianchi ◽

Daniele Masseroni ◽

Arianna Facchi

Keyword(s):

Irrigation Management ◽

Model Performance ◽

Crop Coefficient ◽

Field Capacity ◽

Irrigation Scheduling ◽

Balance Model ◽

Water Requirements ◽

Greenhouse Crops ◽

Using Data ◽

Nitrogen Treatments

Estimating water requirements of plants cultivated in greenhouse environments is crucial, both for the design of greenhouse irrigation systems and the improvement of irrigation scheduling. Spinach is one of the main vegetables sold as ‘ready-to-eat’ bagged produce; it is very sensitive to water stress and thus requires accurate irrigation. In this work, a water balance model simulating the daily irrigation need for greenhouse crops based on the FAO-56 ‘single crop coefficient’ method was designed and applied (FAO-56-GH). Two experiments were conducted on two spinach varieties grown in pots in different periods. For each experiment, four nitrogen treatments were considered. Irrigation was managed weighing the pots every day, and restoring soil water to field capacity. Crop coefficient (Kc) values were calibrated using data of the first experiment, the model was successively validated using the second dataset. Results showed a good model performance both in the validation and calibration periods (R2 = 0.80 and 0.84, root mean square error (RMSE) = 0.41 and 0.21 mm day−1, Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) = 0.78 and 0.83). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) test revealed a scarce dependence of irrigation needs to nitrogen treatments. This study suggests the possibility of adopting the FAO-56-GH model with site-specific Kc to improve irrigation management and planning in greenhouse environments.

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Spatial and temporal analyses of culls due to bovine tuberculosis in slaughterhouses of Minas Gerais state, Brazil, 2008 to 2012

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira ◽

10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-6933 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 41 ◽

Author(s):

Tatiany F.S. Baptista ◽

Marcelo C. Alves ◽

Stela M. Pereira-Dourado ◽

Geraldo M. Costa ◽

Edna Lopes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bovine Tuberculosis ◽

Animal Health ◽

Temporal Distribution ◽

Temporal Analysis ◽

Minas Gerais ◽

Epidemiological Surveillance ◽

The West ◽

Minas Gerais State ◽

Inspection Service ◽

Spatial And Temporal Analyses

ABSTRACT: The application of spatial and temporal analysis in epidemiology aims to understand the causes and consequences of spatial and temporal heterogeneity in studies of infectious diseases. Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is a chronic and progressive infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium bovis and is an important zoonosis worldwide. The aim of this study was to conduct spatial and temporal analyses of a secondary database of bTB-positive cases registered by the Federal Inspection Service in two slaughterhouses from the West of Minas mesoregion of Minas Gerais state, Brazil, from 2008 to 2012 and to suggest its use in epidemiological surveillance. The culled cattle with bTB macroscopic lesions during post mortem inspection were considered positive in this study. The data used were the positive cases registered on the “Sistema de Informações Gerenciais do Serviço de Inspeção Federal” (SIG/SIF - Management Information System of the Federal Inspection Service) of the “Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento” (MAPA - Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Supplies), the number of animals slaughtered monthly and their municipalities of origin, per slaughterhouse. The prevalence (%) of cases per cattle slaughtered was calculated, and the relationship between these cases of bTB and cases of human tuberculosis (hTB) and the GDP per capita of the mesoregions comprising the municipalities surveyed was evaluated. The prevalence was 1,030 cases of bTB (0.28%). The lowest case numbers and prevalence rates were obtained in 2010, while the highest rates were observed in 2011. Slaughterhouse 1 showed stationarity, while Slaughterhouse 2 showed an increasing annual trend for data since October 2009. A statistical correlation between the numbers of cases of bovine and human TB (p=0.006, r=0.148) was observed. The prevalence for Slaughterhouses 1 and 2 were not correlated (p>0.05). The municipalities of origin demonstrated randomness in their spatial distribution. SIG/SIF-MAPA may be used for the analysis of spatial and temporal distribution to contribute to the monitoring of animal health services with information on the prevalence of culling for bTB in the West of Minas, South/Southwest of Minas, Campo das Vertentes and Zona da Mata mesoregions of Minas Gerais, Brazil.

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Efficient Irrigation for Optimum Fruit Quality and Yield in Apples

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.45.11.1616 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 45 (11) ◽

pp. 1616-1625 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Esmaeil Fallahi ◽

Denise Neilsen ◽

Gerry H. Neilsen ◽

Bahar Fallahi ◽

Bahman Shafii

Keyword(s):

Root Zone ◽

Fruit Size ◽

Crop Coefficient ◽

Sprinkler System ◽

Irrigation Scheduling ◽

Tree Canopy ◽

Crop Evapotranspiration ◽

Water Deficiency ◽

System A

Use of crop evapotranspiration (ETc), when a precise crop coefficient value (Kc) is used, provides a reliable tool (irrigation scheduling) for determination of water requirement. In this process, Kc should be modified by percentage of ground shade (GS) and tree canopy maturity (M). In an experiment in Idaho with ET-based irrigation scheduling, each tree with a full microjet sprinkler system received an average of 6461.7 L (994 mm), whereas each one with a full drip system used 3996 L (614.1 mm) of irrigation water. In general, deficit drip irrigation was shown to initially increase yield as a result of induction of stress and the production of a higher number of fruit spurs. However, production declined if the extreme water deficiency was repeatedly applied to the trees over several years. Using a microjet sprinkler system, a partial root zone drying regime reduced fruit size but slightly improved fruit color. Application of water at 65% full drip rate, applied on both sides of the tree row (DD), reduced fruit size. However, when the 65% of full drip rate was applied to only one of the alternating sides of the tree every other week (PRD), fruit size was larger than those with DD treatment.

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Determination of Crop Co-efficient Values for Jute (Corchorus olitorius L.)

The Agriculturists ◽

10.3329/agric.v16i02.40349 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 16 (02) ◽

pp. 115-122 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

AJ Milla ◽

AR Akanda ◽

SK Biswas ◽

MA Uddin

Keyword(s):

Agricultural Research ◽

Crop Coefficient ◽

Irrigation Scheduling ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Growth Stages ◽

Crop Evapotranspiration ◽

Initial Development ◽

Fiber Yield

Site specific calibration of crop coefficient (Kc) values is essential for irrigation scheduling of any crop. In order to determine the values of Kc for jute, an experiment was conducted at the Irrigation and Water Management Division of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur. An improved jute variety BJRI Tosa-2 (O-9897) was used in this experiment. The study examined growth and yield of the jute in terms of four irrigation treatments distributed over 7-28 days intervals. The treatments were so designed that drainage was allowed between the consecutive irrigations. Irrigation at 14days interval produced the highest dry fiber yield (3.93 t/ha) and was considered to be suitable for estimating seasonal crop evapotranspiration and Kc values. The seasonal crop ET was 549.13 mm under this treatment. The Kc values of jute at initial, development, mid-season and late season stages were found to be 0.72, 1.39, 1.26 and 0.46, respectively. As there is no FAO-recommended Kc value for this crop, this locally calibrated values can be used for similar climatic conditions of Bangladesh and elsewhere. Therefore, based on Kc value, it can be recommended that jute can be irrigated by equal amount of water needed for crop evapotranspiration (ETc) for different growth stages (141.05, 142.57, 167.34, and 84.30 mm) to get maximum dry fiber yield. The Agriculturists 2018; 16(2) 115-122

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Transpiration and Water Use of an Irrigated Traditional Olive Grove with Sap-Flow Observations and the FAO56 Dual Crop Coefficient Approach

Water ◽

10.3390/w13182466 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (18) ◽

pp. 2466

Author(s):

Àngela Puig-Sirera ◽

Giovanni Rallo ◽

Paula Paredes ◽

Teresa A. Paço ◽

Mario Minacapilli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Balance ◽

Water Use ◽

Sap Flow ◽

Crop Coefficient ◽

Irrigation Scheduling ◽

Soil Evaporation ◽

Olive Grove ◽

Crop Evapotranspiration ◽

Tree Transpiration ◽

Mean Square Errors

The SIMDualKc model was applied to evaluate the crop water use and the crop coefficient (Kc) of an irrigated olive grove (Olea europaea L.) located in Sicily, Italy, using experimental data collected from two crop seasons. The model applies the FAO56 dual Kc approach to compute the actual crop evapotranspiration (ETc act) and its components, i.e., the actual tree transpiration (Tc act), obtained through the basal crop coefficient (Kcb), and soil evaporation according to an evaporation coefficient (Ke). Model calibration was performed by minimizing the difference between the predicted Tc act and the observed daily tree transpiration measured with sap flow instrumentation (TSF field) acquired in 2009. The validation was performed using the independent data set of sap flow measurements from 2011. The calibrated Kcb was equal to 0.30 for the initial and non-growing season stages, 0.42 for the mid-season, and 0.37 for the end season. For both seasons, the goodness-of-fit indicators relative to comparing TSF field with the simulated Tc act resulted in root mean square errors (RMSE) lower than 0.27 mm d−1 and a slope of the linear regression close to 1.0 (0.94 ≤ b0 ≤ 1.00). The olive grove water balance simulated with SIMDualKc produced a ratio between soil evaporation (Es) and ETc act that averaged 39%. The ratio between actual (ETc act) and potential crop evapotranspiration (ETc) varied from 84% to about 99% in the mid-season, indicating that the values of ETc act are close to ETc, i.e., the adopted deficit irrigation led to limited water stress. The results confirm the suitability of the SIMDualKc model to apply the FAO56 dual Kc approach to tree crops, thus assessing the water use of olives and supporting the development of appropriate irrigation management tools that are usable by farmers. A different way to estimate Kcb is based on the approach suggested in 2009 by Allen and Pereira (A&P), which involves the measured fraction of ground covered (shaded) by the crop and the height of the trees. Its application to the studied grove produced the mid-season Kcb values ranging from 0.40–0.45 and end-season Kcb values ranging from 0.35–0.40. The comparison between the A&P-computed Tc act A&P and TSF field shows RMSE values ranging from 0.27 to 0.43 mm d−1, which demonstrates the adequacy of the latter approach for parameterizing water balance models and for irrigation scheduling decision making.

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An assessment of the water requirements of a mountain pasture sward in the Polish Western Carpathians

Journal of Water and Land Development ◽

10.2478/v10025-012-0017-9 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 193-208 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Antoni Kuźniar ◽

Stanisław Twardy ◽

Agnieszka Kowalczyk ◽

Marek Kostuch

Keyword(s):

Surface Resistance ◽

Meteorological Data ◽

Crop Coefficient ◽

Western Carpathians ◽

Crop Evapotranspiration ◽

Water Requirements ◽

Reference Crop Evapotranspiration ◽

Mountain Pasture ◽

Weather Stations ◽

Reference Crop

An assessment of the water requirements of a mountain pasture sward in the Polish Western Carpathians The water requirements of the pasture sward using the Penman-Monteith method (FAO-56), which is seldom applied in Poland, was assessed. The reference crop evapotranspiration ETo from a hypothetical grass crop with an assumed crop height of 0.12 m, a fixed surface resistance of 70 s·m-1 and an albedo of 0.23, was used. These assumptions are similar under conditions of ruminant grazing. ETo was computed by using meteorological data from 43 weather stations. The crop evapotranspiration ETc is the product of ETo, and single crop coefficient Kc. The differences between precipitation and ETo and ETc (climatic water balances) were determined for mountain pastures. The results were summarised form of a table and maps of isohyets and isolines elaborated by applying the Geographic Information System techniques (Arc View 9) with the data interpolated by the geostatic method (Kriging).

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Irrigation scheduling and water requirements for cowpea using evaporation pan at middle of Iraq

Journal of Aridland Agriculture ◽

10.25081/jaa.2018.v4.3445 ◽

1970 ◽

pp. 13-17

Author(s):

Saifuldeen A. Salim ◽

Isam Kudhier Hamza ◽

Laith Farhan Jar

Keyword(s):

Water Productivity ◽

Irrigation Treatment ◽

Growing Season ◽

Irrigation Scheduling ◽

Water Requirements ◽

Applied Water ◽

Fresh Seed ◽

Irrigation Interval ◽

Biological Yield ◽

Evaporation Pan

The present study was conducted to find out the water requirements and most suitable irrigation frequencies for cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) var grown under drip irrigation. The treatments were based on the IW:CPE ratio at different empirical pan factors 0.6 , 0.8, 1.0, 1.,1.4 , and 1.6 Ef (where Ef = IW/CPE). It was observed that the irrigation interval was variable values decreased by increasing Ef value and with the progress of the growing season. The 1.2 and 1.0 IW: CPE treatments with approximately 4 days irrigation interval were achieved the best results. The total amount of applied water during Cowpea growing season was varied between 247.7 and 266.5mm with 254.8mm as a mean. Irrigation treatment with Ef1.2 was superior over the rest of other treatments in fresh seed yield (5.13 ton.hec.-1), crop water productivity (2.14 kg.m-3), biological yield (6.88 ton.hec.-1) , fresh pod yield (7.33 ton.hec.-1), weight of 100 seed (31.28gm), number of seed/pod (9.34) and netting percentage (37.1). The lowest values of the most parameters used in this study were obtained by Ef 0.6 irrigation treatment.

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