Performance, hematology, and immunology of pacu in response to dietary supplementation with fructooligosaccharides

Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation with fructooligosaccharides (FOS) on the performance, hematology, and immunology of pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) juveniles. A total of 0 (control), 2.0, and 4.0 g kg-1 of the probiotic were added to the fish diets. Fish (49.3±4.3 g) were allotted into 12 tanks of 60 L, in a completely randomized design (n=4). After 60 days, final weight, weight gain, specific growth rate, and feed conversion ratio were improved in the fish fed with the prebiotic, although feed intake was not affected by the treatments. The number of red blood cells was higher only in fish fed with 2.0 g kg-1 FOS. The opposite was observed for the hematimetric indices mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular hemoglobin, which decreased in fish fed with 2.0 g kg-1 FOS. The number of defense cells, such as leukocytes and thrombocytes, also increased in the prebiotic treatments. The evaluated immunological parameters were not influenced by prebiotic supplementation. Dietary FOS supplementation improved pacu growth and health.

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Growth performance of 3-g Anguilla bicolor bicolor at different density

Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia ◽

10.19027/jai.13.46-53 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 46

Author(s):

Sufal Diansyah ◽

Tatag Budiardi ◽

Agus Oman Sudrajat

Keyword(s):

Blood Glucose ◽

Specific Growth ◽

Stocking Density ◽

Growth Stress ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Blood Profile ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Recirculation System ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Average Body

ABSTRACT This study was carried out to evaluate growth performancce of eel (Anguilla bicolor bicolor) at the density of 2 g/L, 3 g/L, and 4 g/L in the recirculation system. The experimental design used was completely randomized design with three replications. The eel used for this study was Anguilla bicolor bicolor at stadia elver with average body weight of 3 g/fish. Fish were reared for 60 days. Analysis of the blood profile and blood glucose level were done every ten days, while cortisol measurement was performed three times on the day-0, 30, and 60. Results showed that stocking density affected biomass growth. The best stocking density was 4 g/L with the growth of 10.62 g biomass/day, the specific growth of 1.47%, 1.16 feed conversion, and survival of 96.24%. All treatments did not give significant effect on the blood glucose and cortisol level. Keywords: elver, stocking density, growth, stress response, recirculation system ABSTRAK Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi kinerja pertumbuhan ikan sidat (Anguilla bicolor bicolor) dengan padat tebar 2 g/L, 3 g/L, dan 4 g/L dalam sistem resirkulasi. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap dengan tiga ulangan. Ikan sidat yang digunakan adalah spesies Anguilla bicolor bicolor stadia elver dengan bobot rata-rata 3±1 g/ekor. Pemeliharaan dilakukan selama 60 hari. Analisis gambaran darah dan glukosa darah dilakukan setiap sepuluh hari sekali, sedangkan pengukuran kortisol dilakukan sebanyak tiga kali yaitu pada hari ke-0, 30, dan 60. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan padat tebar berpengaruh nyata terhadap laju pertumbuhan biomassa. Padat tebar terbaik adalah 4 g/L dengan laju pertumbuhan biomassa 10,62 g/hari, laju pertumbuhan spesifik 1,47%, konversi pakan 1,16, dan sintasan 96,24%. Semua perlakuan padat tebar tidak memberikan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap kadar glukosa darah dan kortisol. Kata kunci : elver, padat tebar, pertumbuhan, respons stres, sistem resirkulasi

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ADDITION OF PUMPKIN FLOUR (Cucurbita moschata D.)AND PAPAYA FLOUR(Carica papaya)TO FEED TO INCREASE THE BRIGHTNESS COLOR OF THE GOLDFISH (Carrasius auratus)

Journal of Fish Nutrition ◽

10.29303/jfn.v1i2.482 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 13-27

Author(s):

Elmi Patma Insani ◽

Salnida yuniarti Lumbessy ◽

Dewi Putri Lestari

Keyword(s):

Survival Rate ◽

Specific Growth ◽

Carotenoid Content ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Color Test ◽

Weight Growth ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Gold Fish ◽

Absolute Length ◽

Completely Randomized Design

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of the addition of pumpkin flour (C. moschata D.) and papaya flour (C. papaya) to feed to increase the brightness of the gold fish (C. auratus) color. The method used is an experimental method with a completely randomized design, consisting of four treatments and three replications of P0 0% (Control), P1 10% , P2 20%, P3 30%. Research parameters include carotenoid analysis, hunter’s color test, absolute weight growth, absolute specific growth, absolute length growth , FCR, EPP, survival rate and water quality. The results showed that the addition of a mixture of pumpkin flour and papaya flour in the goldfish can affect the value of feed conversion, feed afficiency, survival rate, carotenoid content and the brightness of the goldfish color on the value of a* (redness), b* (yellowness) and Huebut it does not affect the value of L* (lightness) and the growth of the goldfish

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Use of different combinations of enzyme complexes in broiler diets

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2021v42n5p2907 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 42 (5) ◽

pp. 2903-2924

Author(s):

Lindolfo Dorcino dos Santos Neto ◽

◽

Julyana Machado da Silva Martins ◽

Genilson Bezerra de Carvalho ◽

Roberto Moraes Jardim Filho ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Basal Diet ◽

Experimental Period ◽

Nutrient Digestibility ◽

Enzyme Complex ◽

Ether Extract ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Final Weight ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Enzyme Complexes

Two experiments were carried out to investigate the effect of “on top” addition of different enzyme complexes, the enzyme α-galactosidase and three sources of the enzyme phytase available on the market, in broiler diets. In the first experiment, 1260 one-day-old Cobb 500® chicks were distributed into seven treatments in a completely randomized design (CRD) with six replicates and 30 birds/replicate. Treatments consisted of combinations of different enzyme complexes, namely, complex A (phytase, protease, xylanase, ß-glucanase, cellulase, amylase, pectinase), complex B (protease and cellulase) and complex C (xylanase, amylase and protease); isolated α-galactosidase (GAL); and three sources of phytase (P1, P2 and P3) in the diet. The treatments were formulated as follows: T1 - basal diet (BD); T2 - BD + enzyme complex A + enzyme complex B (BDAB); T3 - BDAB + GAL; T4 - BD + complex A + GAL; T5 - BD + complex C + P1 + GAL (BDCG); T6 - BDCG + P2; and T7 - BDCG + P3. The following variables were measured in the experimental period of 42 days: feed intake (FI), weight gain (WG), average final weight (AFW), feed conversion (FC), and carcass yield. Significant differences occurred for AFW, WG and FC in the pre-starter phase. In the second experiment, 112 Cobb 500® chicks aged 25 days were distributed into seven treatments in a CRD with four replicates and four birds/replicate. Treatments were the same as in the first experiment. Nutrient digestibility was evaluated in an experimental period of seven days. Differences were found in the metabolism coefficient of ether extract (MCEE). Dietary inclusion of enzyme complexes improves the AFW and WG of chickens from 1 to 7 days of age and MCEE in the grower phase.

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Purified glycerin in balanced diets for chicken broilers from 8 to 21 days old

Bioscience Journal ◽

10.14393/bj-v35n5a2019-39540 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 35 (5) ◽

Author(s):

Mônica Calixto da Silva ◽

Roberta Gomes Marçal Vieira Vaz ◽

Kênia Ferreira Rodrigues ◽

Luciano Fernanades Sousa ◽

José Henrique Stringhini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Feed Intake ◽

Control Diet ◽

Metabolizable Energy ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Gross Margin ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Final Weight ◽

Apparent Metabolizable Energy ◽

Completely Randomized Design

This paper aimed to evaluate the metabolizability, performance and economic viability of purified glycerin inclusion in balanced diets fed to chicken broilers from 8 to 21 days old. Two experiments were conducted. In the first experiment, 100 broilers (14 days old) were distributed in a completely randomized design into two treatments, with five replications of 10 broilers. Treatments consisted of a control diet and a test diet, in which purified glycerin replaced 10% of the control diet. In the second experiment, 200 broilers (8 days old) were distributed in a completely randomized design into four treatments (0, 2, 4 and 6% of purified glycerin inclusion), with five replications of 10 broilers. The weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion, final weight, apparent metabolizable energy (AME), nitrogen-corrected apparent metabolizable energy (AMEn), metabolizability coefficients of dry matter (DMMC), crude protein (CPMC) and gross energy (GEMC), and the cost of feed per kg of broiler produced were evaluated. The AME, AMEn, DMMC, CPMC and GEMC from the purified glycerin were 3790 and 3560 kcal/kg, and 83.72, 71.52 and 86.27%, respectively. The glycerin levels did not affect (p>0.05) any of the performance characteristics (weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion and final weight). The lowest feeding cost and the highest gross margin were obtained for broilers fed with 6% purified glycerin. The inclusion of 6% purified glycerin in balanced diets for broilers from 8 to 21 days old was technically and economically feasible.

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Use of golden mussel and wattle tannin in the supply of cut chickens

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2019v40n5p1951 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 40 (5) ◽

pp. 1951

Author(s):

Douglas Fernando Bayerle ◽

Ricardo Vianna Nunes ◽

Lucas Wachholz ◽

Taciana Maria de Oliveira Bruxel ◽

José Geraldo de Vargas Junior ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Toxic Metal ◽

Experimental Unit ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Liver Size ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Final Weight ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Golden Mussel ◽

Different Levels

This study aimed to evaluate the use of acacia tannin as a toxic metal adsorbent in the diets of broilers fed with the inclusion of golden mussel meal in substitution for calcitic limestone. In the first trial, 648 male 21-day-old animals were divided among six treatments and six replicates, with 18 birds per experimental unit, organized in a completely randomized design (DIC). The treatments were diets with different acacia tannin levels (0, 250, 500, 750, 1000, or 1250 g ton-1). The results indicated that 250 g ton-1 of tannin was not harmful to weight gain, final weight, or feed conversion. Tannin levels caused a decrease in carcass yield and fat deposition and an increase in liver size. For the second trial, 900 male broilers of 21 days of age were used and distributed in a DIC, with different levels of substitution of calcitic limestone by the golden mussel meal (0, 25, 50, 75, or 100 %) and supplementation or not with acacia tannins (250 g ton-1), with 5 replicates and each experimental unit being composed of 18 birds. The performance data show that the use of 250 g ton-1 of tannin is detrimental to bone performance and resistance and golden mussel meal can be used to substitute up to 100 % of the limestone in the diets without affecting the variables studied.

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A by-product of pinto beans in diets for quail in the laying phase

Acta Scientiarum Animal Sciences ◽

10.4025/actascianimsci.v42i1.48883 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 42 ◽

pp. e48883

Author(s):

Gisele Maria Nunes Vieira ◽

Adriana Aparecida Pereira ◽

Dirceu Neutzling Griep Júnior ◽

Wilson Araújo da Silva ◽

Samila Santos Viana ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Japanese Quail ◽

Egg Quality ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Egg Laying ◽

Egg Mass ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Final Weight ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Pinto Beans

The aim of this study was to evaluate levels of inclusion of pinto beans in diets for quail in the laying phase on their performance and egg quality. A total of 280 Japanese quail in the laying phase were distributed into five treatments in a completely randomized design with eight replicates and seven birds per plot. Treatments consisted of five levels (0, 2, 4, 6, and 8%) of inclusion of pinto beans in the diets, which remained isoenergetic and isoproteic. The experiment began with the quail at 70 days of age and lasted 63 days, with their performance assessed every 21 days and egg-quality parameters on the last two days of each cycle. The following parameters were evaluated: final weight, feed intake, egg-laying rate, feed conversion (per dozen eggs and per egg mass), egg weight, eggshell thickness, specific gravity, yolk color, and weights of shell, yolk, and albumen. No difference was detected between the bean inclusion levels for any of the performance and egg-quality traits assessed or the birds' final weight. In conclusion, up to 8% raw pinto beans may be added in diets for Japanese quail in the laying phase without compromising their performance or internal-external egg quality.

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PENGARUH PEMBERIAN PAKAN BUATAN DARI KOMBINASI TEPUNG CACING TANAH (Lumbricus rubellus) DAN TEPUNG DAUN PEPAYA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN IKAN NILA (Oreochromis niloticus)

Jurnal Harpodon Borneo ◽

10.35334/harpodon.v14i1.1984 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 39-46

Author(s):

Rukisah Rukisah ◽

Ricky Febrinaldy Simanjuntak ◽

Wulan Anugrah

Keyword(s):

Specific Growth ◽

High Energy ◽

Lumbricus Rubellus ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Absolute Weight ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Commercial Feed ◽

Absolute Length ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

One Way Anova

The problem that often arises in tilapia cultivation is the low growth of fish caused by the provision of feed that contains high energy but cannot be digested by fish. Utilization of commercial feed as feed for tilapia growth is less effective because the feed is still complex so it requires energy to be broken down into more simple. The method used in this study was a completely randomized design (CRD) which was then analyzed using one way ANOVA variance. The best results were obtained in treatment 4 with an absolute weight value of 2.97, absolute length of 1.19, specific growth rate of 2.75, survival of 83.33% and feed conversion of 0.95%. The conclusion of this study is the treatment of 4 absolute weight of 2.97 g and absolute length of 1.19 cm.

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Short Communication. Sodium chloride levels in pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) fingerling feeds free of fish meal

Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.5424/sjar/2022201-17111 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. e06SC01-e06SC01

Author(s):

Natalia C. Aguiar ◽

Keyword(s):

Feed Intake ◽

Experimental Period ◽

Aquatic Organism ◽

Average Weight ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Carcass Yield ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Final Weight ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Average Weight Gain

Aim of study: To evaluate the effects of increasing NaCl levels on the zootechnical performance of pacu fingerling. Area of study: The experiments were conducted at the Aquatic Organism Production and Reproduction Systems Laboratory belonging to the Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), in the Palotina Sector, Paraná Estate, Brazil. Material and methods: Seven hundred and fifty fingerlings with an average weight of 3.41 ± 0.09 g were distributed in circular boxes, in a completely randomized design consisting of six treatments and five replications. Treatments comprised soybean- and maize-based diets containing increasing levels of NaCl (0.00, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.00 and 1.25%). The experiments were conducted for 50 days. At the end of the experimental period the fish were fasted for 24 hours, anesthetized, weighed and measured to calculate zootechnical performances. Performance data were subjected to an analysis of variance followed by Tukey’s test when significant differences were found between the means (p<0.05). Main results: The influence (p<0.05) of dietary NaCl levels on final weight, feed intake, apparent feed conversion, specific growth rate, average weight gain, clean trunk production, head carcass yield, headless carcass yield, feed intake and survival was assessed. The results indicate that non-salt treated fingerlings along with the 0.25% salt inclusion treatment led to better feed use, as evidenced by apparent feed conversions of 1.64 and 2.02, respectively. Research highlights: The inclusion of NaCl in pacu fingerling soybean and maize-based diets is not recommended.

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Pengaruh Pemberian Kapur Pada Air Gambut Terhadap Kelangsungan Hidup Dan Pertumbuhan Benih Ikan Gabus (Channa striata)

Jurnal Akuakultur Sungai dan Danau ◽

10.33087/akuakultur.v6i1.84 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 19

Author(s):

Shinta S Monalisa ◽

Maryani Maryani ◽

Kamisa Rumapea

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Survival Rate ◽

Specific Growth Rate ◽

Specific Growth ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Weight Growth ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Channa Striata ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Specific Growth Rates

This research was conducted to determine the effect of giving different lime on the survival rate and growth of snack head seeds. This writing uses a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 3 replications. The hypothesis being tested was that the application of the limed lime had no significant effect on survival rate, the growth of snack head seed and the specific growth rate and lime administration differed significantly in feed conversion. The study was conducted at the Wet Aquaculture Laboratory, Palangka Raya University starting from February 3 - March 3, 2020. The results showed that the administration of different lime had no significant effect on survival rate, growth and specific growth rates but had a significant effect on feed conversion. The best survival rate of snack head seeds is in treatment D (250 g) that is equal to 57.73%, the best weight growth is in treatment C (200 G) that is equal to 3.16 grams, the best length growth is in treatment D (250 g) that is 2.57 cm, the best specific growth rate is in treatment D (250 g) which is 2.92% / day, and the best feed conversion value is in treatment D (250 g) which is 1.47%. Water quality such as temperature, acidity (pH) and dissolved oxygen (DO) are still in the normal range.

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Choline and digestible methionine + cystine supplementation for quail in the laying phase

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2020v41n1p307 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 41 (1) ◽

pp. 305

Author(s):

Dirceu Neutzling Griep Júnior ◽

Adriana Aparecida Pereira ◽

Gregório Murilo Oliveira Oliveira Júnior ◽

Vitor Visintin Silva de Almeida ◽

Edlaine Ferreira da Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Egg Quality ◽

Dietary Supplementation ◽

Experimental Period ◽

Egg Mass ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Optimum Result ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Quadratic Response ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Four Levels

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of levels of choline and digestible methionine + cystine in diets for quail in the laying phase. A total of 280 Japanese laying quail were assigned to one of eight treatments in a completely randomized design in a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement consisting of dietary supplementation with four levels of choline (0.0, 0.042, 0.084 and 0.126%) and two levels of digestible methionine + cystine (0.857 and 0.685%), with five replicates and seven birds per plot. The experimental period was 84 days, represented by four 21-day evaluation cycles in which quail performance and egg quality were evaluated. There was no interaction effect between the factors for any of the studied variables, except quail weight. The highest tested levels of methionine + cystine and choline supplementation improved egg weight, feed conversion egg mass?1 and yolk percentage. By contrast, albumen percentage decreased linearly as choline inclusion in the diet was elevated. The choline supplementation levels induced a quadratic response from eggshell percentage, whose optimum result was estimated at the choline level of 0.05% in the diet. Egg specific gravity decreased linearly as choline supplementation was increased. The indicated level of digestible methionine + cystine in the diet of Japanese quail in the laying phase is 0.857%, while choline should be supplemented at 0.126%.

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