BIOFUEL PRODUCTION BY PYROLYSIS OF CASSAVA PEEL IN A FIXED BED REACTOR

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pious O. Okekunle ◽  
Olukunle E. Itabiyi ◽  
Sunday O. Adetola ◽  
Ibraheem O. Alayande ◽  
Hoassan O. Ogundiran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Cassava Peel

scholarly journals Proses Pembuatan Biofuel dengan Metode perengakahan Menggunakan Katalis Padat

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Agus Budianto ◽  
Ayuni Rita Sari ◽  
Yohana Winda Monica ◽  
Erlinda Ningsih ◽  
Esthi Kusdarini
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Camelina Oil ◽  
Used Cooking Oil ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Cracking Process

<table class="NormalTable"><tbody><tr><td width="200"><span class="fontstyle0">The development of population growth causes of fuels need increasing. Because of<br />that reason, it necessary to create alternative fuels which are friendly to the<br />environment to meet the fuels need in society. Fossil fuel is a non-renewable fuel.<br />Biofuel as an alternative fuel can be taken as a solution to solve this problem. The<br />reviewd aim was to determine the effect of raw materials used on yield product and<br />the different effects of temperature and catalysts on the yield of special materials<br />(gasoline, diesel, kerosene) biofuel. Biofuel production started from the<br />preparation of raw materials, catalylic, and catalytic cracking process using a<br />fixed bed reactor. Raw materials greatly affected yield product. The highest yield<br />products were being gotten from RBDPS raw materials of 93.29%. Biofuel from<br />used cooking oil and concentration of red sludge catalyst of 15% produced the<br />highest biofuel with gasoline compound of 73.86% and kerosene compound of<br />26.14%. Biofuel from camelina oil with ZSM-5-Zn catalyst concentration of 30%<br />produced the highest gasoline yield of 75.65%.</span></td></tr></tbody></table>

scholarly journals Production and Characterisation of Bio-Oil from Agricultural Residues

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Francis Mintah Dadzie ◽  
John Frimpong Kyei-Mensah ◽  
Michael Boakye
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Biomass Concentration ◽  
Agricultural Residues ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Corn Stalk ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Agricultural Produce ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Cassava Peel

Energy crisis have become a global issue. Africa is one of the great contributors of agricultural produce, however no efficient way is established to covert the agricultural residues to useful products. Therefore, this study was to ascertain the combining effect of the agricultural residues on the yield and quality of bio oil produced. Biomass from cassava peel, rice husk and corn stalk were obtained and prepared. The sulphur and fixed carbon contents of the biomass were less making them more environmentally friendly. Biomass (i.e cassava peel, rice husk, and corn stalk) were mixed in different concentrations of 1:1:1, 2:1:1, 1:2:1, and 1:1:2 respectively and subjected to fast pyrolysis using a fixed bed reactor. The biomass concentration which gave the highest yield of bio-oil was 2:1:1 with a yield of 55.63 %. This yield was reached at a temperature of 525 °C. However, the physicochemical properties of the high yielding bio-oil fairly satisfied the ASTM D7544 standards. Further improvement on the bio-oil will enhance its usefulness as a suitable alternative to diesel.

Combining Wet Rendering with Torrefaction to Improve the Fuel Characteristics of Biochar from Food Waste

2019 ◽  
Vol 797 ◽  
pp. 309-318
Author(s):  
Ruwaida Abdul Rasid ◽  
Tai Xin Yee ◽  
Rahsya Nur Udzaifa Abdul Rahman ◽  
Mazni Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Inert Atmosphere ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Fixed Carbon ◽  
High Heating Value

Food waste is a potential source of renewable carbon that can be utilized as a feedstock for biofuel production. Instead of disposing it in the landfills, food waste can be processed through thermochemical process known as torrefaction, which is conducted between 200°C and 300°C under inert atmosphere, to produce energy-dense biochar. Due to high oil content in the food waste, wet rendering process is introduced as a pre-treatment step to remove the oil from food waste. In this study, the potential of food waste as a renewable energy source is studied, where the biochar produced from direct torrefaction (DT) is compared with the biochar produced from torrefaction process that is preceded with wet rendering (WR) process. Food waste was torrefied in the fixed bed reactor at temperatures 220°C, 240°C and 260°C, with various residence times (15 min, 30 min and 45 min). The produced biochars were characterized in terms of its elemental composition, High Heating Value (HHV) and proximate analysis which includes moisture content, fixed carbon, ash content and volatile matter. It was found that the torrefied food waste shows improved physical properties when compared to raw food waste. The moisture content showed significant reduction while the fixed carbon increased with increasing torrefaction and residence time. This effects were further improved with WR, especially HHV which indicates that the WR process followed by torrefaction may be able to further improve the produced biochar.

Role of filter media in an anaerobic fixed-bed reactor

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (9) ◽  
pp. 137-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Miyahara ◽  
M. Takano ◽  
T. Noike
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Methanogenic Bacteria ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Filter Media ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactors ◽  
Attached Bacteria ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between the filter media and the behaviour of anaerobic bacteria was studied using anaerobic fixed-bed reactors. At an HRT of 48 hours, the number of suspended acidogenic bacteria was higher than those attached to the filter media. On the other hand, the number of attached methanogenic bacteria was more than ten times as higher than that of suspended ones. The numbers of suspended and deposited acidogenic and methanogenic bacteria in the reactor operated at an HRT of 3 hours were almost the same as those in the reactor operated at an HRT of 48 hours. Accumulation of attached bacteria was promoted by decreasing the HRT of the reactor. The number of acidogenic bacteria in the reactor packed sparsely with the filter media was higher than that in the closely packed reactor. The number of methanogenic bacteria in the sparsely packed reactor was lower than that in the closely packed reactor.

Modeling of aerated upflow fixed bed reactors for nitrification

1999 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 85-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Behrendt
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Bulk Liquid ◽  
Initial Value ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactors ◽  
Number Of Cells

A mathematical model for nitrification in an aerated fixed bed reactor has been developed. This model is based on material balances in the bulk liquid, gas phase and in the biofilm area. The fixed bed is divided into a number of cells according to the reduced remixing behaviour. A fixed bed cell consists of 4 compartments: the support, the gas phase, the bulk liquid phase and the stagnant volume containing the biofilm. In the stagnant volume the biological transmutation of the ammonia is located. The transport phenomena are modelled with mass transfer formulations so that the balances could be formulated as an initial value problem. The results of the simulation and experiments are compared.

Design of a continuous flow immobilized-cell reactor for biosynthetical production of L-aspartic acid

1985 ◽  
Vol 50 (10) ◽  
pp. 2122-2133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jindřich Zahradník ◽  
Marie Fialová ◽  
Jan Škoda ◽  
Helena Škodová
Keyword(s):  
Aspartic Acid ◽  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Immobilized Cells ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Immobilized Cell

An experimental study was carried out aimed at establishing a data base for an optimum design of a continuous flow fixed-bed reactor for biotransformation of ammonium fumarate to L-aspartic acid catalyzed by immobilized cells of the strain Escherichia alcalescens dispar group. The experimental program included studies of the effect of reactor geometry, catalytic particle size, and packed bed arrangement on reactor hydrodynamics and on the rate of substrate conversion. An expression for the effective reaction rate was derived including the effect of mass transfer and conditions of the safe conversion-data scale-up were defined. Suggestions for the design of a pilot plant reactor (100 t/year) were formulated and decisive design parameters of such reactor were estimated for several variants of problem formulation.

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