REVERSAL BY ARGININE-VASOTOCIN OF THE EFFECTS OF PINEALECTOMY ON THE AMOUNT OF 5-HYDROXYTRYPTAMINE IN THE HYPOTHALAMUS AND THE CONCENTRATIONS OF LUTEINIZING HORMONE AND FOLLICLE-STIMULATING HORMONE IN THE PLASMA OF IMMATURE MALE RATS

1980 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. PAVEL ◽  
NOEMI LUCA ◽  
MARIA CALB ◽  
R. GOLDSTEIN
Keyword(s):  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Third Ventricle ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Arginine Vasotocin ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
The Third ◽  
Immature Male ◽  
Receptor Sites ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Pinealectomy in immature (25-day-old) male Wistar rats significantly decreased the content of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) in the hypothalamus and increased concentrations of plasma LH and FSH 3 days after surgery. Extremely small amounts (10−4 pg) of arginine-vasotocin (AVT) injected into the third ventricle (pineal recess) 5 min after pinealectomy completely prevented the decrease in the hypothalamic content of 5-HT and the increase in the concentration of LH and FSH in the plasma. It is suggested that AVT prevented the increase of plasma levels of LH and FSH after pinealectomy by increasing levels of 5-HT at postsynaptic receptor sites.

scholarly journals Upregulation of Kiss-1 and Gpr54 Genes Expression in Pituitary of Male Rats Following the Central Administration of Neuropeptide Y

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 137-142
Author(s):  
Vahid Azizi ◽  
Shahrbanoo Oryan ◽  
Homayuon Khazali ◽  
Abdolkarim Hosseini
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Neuropeptide Y ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Third Ventricle ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Central Administration ◽  
Reproductive Axis ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Introduction: The neuropeptide Y (NPY) in the neural circuits of the hypothalamus has a stimulating effect on reproductive activities in mammals. Kisspeptin (KiSS1) is a quintessential neurotransmitter in the reproductive axis which directly stimulates gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons in the hypothalamus. The distribution of KiSS1 expressing cells in the pituitary was described previously. Despite earlier reports showing the KiSS1 receptor, G-protein coupled receptor 54 (GPR54) expression in the pituitary, the potential physiological roles of kisspeptin at this gland have remained obscure. Accordingly, this study investigated the role of NPY on the relative expression of Kiss1 and Gpr54 genes in the pituitary gland in male Wistar rats. Methods: In general, 20 male Wistar rats weighing 200-250 g in 4 groups (5 in each group) received saline, NPY (2.3 nM), BIBP3226 (NPY receptor antagonist, 7.8 nM), and NPY+ BIBP3226. Then, they received the simultaneous injection of these molecules through the third ventricle of the brain. Finally, the relative mean expressions of Kiss1 and Gpr54 genes in the anterior pituitary were quantitatively analyzed by the real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: The central injection of NPY increased the relative mean expressions of Kiss1 and Gpr54 genes in the pituitary gland compared to the control group although the injection of BIBP3226 eradicated these effects. However, the gene expression of Gpr54 in the rats receiving NPY coupled with BIBP3226 in hypophysis in comparison to the group receiving only NPY demonstrated a significant reduction (P<0.05). Conclusion: Overall, the central injection of NPY stimulated the gene expression of Kiss1 and Gpr54 in the pituitary gland.

Catecholamine turnover in the brain and the regulation of luteinizing hormone and corticosterone in starved male rats

1982 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. M. Pirke ◽  
B. Spyra
Keyword(s):  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Preoptic Area ◽  
Plasma Corticosterone ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Dopamine Turnover ◽  
Noradrenergic Neurons ◽  
Catecholamine Turnover ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
The Brain

Abstract. The effect of starvation was studied in male Wistar rats. After only 2 days of food deprivation, LH concentrations in serum are greatly suppressed, while a significant increase in plasma corticosterone occurs after 5 days' starvation. The noradrenaline and dopamine turnover in the basal hypothalamus is decreased after 2 days. The catecholamine turnover is also reduced in the preoptic area, and in the median eminence. Injection of the catecholamine precursor l-dopa (100 mg/kg) can prevent the increase of plasma corticosterone, but not the decrease of LH. The α-agonist clonidine (150 μg/kg), but neither the β-agonist salbutamol (0.5 mg/kg), nor the dopamine agonist apomorphine (1.0 mg/kg) can prevent the starvation induced corticosterone increase. The decrease of plasma LH is not influenced by the dopamine or noradrenaline agonists. From these data, it appears that a decreased activity of noradrenergic neurons may be responsible for the corticosterone increase in the plasma of starved rats.

Oxytocin and sexual behaviour in the male rat and rabbit

1985 ◽  
Vol 107 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. D. Stoneham ◽  
B. J. Everitt ◽  
S. Hansen ◽  
S. L. Lightman ◽  
K. Todd
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Third Ventricle ◽  
Neural Mechanisms ◽  
Male Rat ◽  
Refractory Periods ◽  
The Third ◽  
Behavioural Effects ◽  
New Zealand White Rabbits ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

ABSTRACT In male New Zealand white rabbits, it was shown that oxytocin but not vasopressin concentrations in plasma were markedly raised after ejaculation. In male Wistar rats, oxytocin infused into the internal carotid artery reduced the number of intromissions made before ejaculation but had no other significant effect. Infusion of oxytocin into the third ventricle increased the latencies to the first mount and intromission and lengthened post-ejaculatory refractory periods. It is suggested that oxytocin released into the periphery during coitus, while not essentially involved in ejaculation, may exert effects on the genital periphery. Behavioural effects of centrally administered oxytocin suggest that it may play a role in the neural mechanisms underlying post-ejaculatory refractoriness. J. Endocr. (1985) 107, 97–106

scholarly journals Comparative Modulation of the Reproductive System by Ethanolleaf Extracts of Asystasia Gangetica Andanthocleista Vogelli in Male Wistar Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Simeon I. Egba ◽  
C. O. Okonkwo ◽  
H. C. Omeoga ◽  
I. E. Ekong
Keyword(s):  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Reproductive Hormones ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

A number of medicinal plants have been found to influence the level of reproductive hormones and thus affect fertility in the overall. This work evaluated the effects of ethanol leaf extracts of A. gangetica and A. vogelli respectively on some reproductive system parameters in male Wistar rats. A total of sixteen (16) male albino rats were grouped into four (four rats in each group): group A served as normal control, group B received Immunace (Vitabiotics) group C and D received 400 mg/kg body weight of A. gangetica and A. vogelli extracts respectively. Extracts were administered orally to rats for 21 days, after which they were sacrificed by cervical dislocations and blood samples drawn by cardiac puncture. The effect of the extracts on testosterone, follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone and semen analysis of the test rats were determined using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and standard techniques. Data collected were analyzed using Graph pad prism V6 and p values < 0.05 were adopted as significant. There was no significant (p>0.05) change in testosterone, FSH and luteinizing hormones in the group administered A. gangetica plant extract relative to the control. There was also no visible difference in the testes weight and sperm morphology relative to the control group. In contrast, administration of A. vogelli extract caused significant (p<0.05) decrease in testosterone and follicle stimulating hormone concentrations from: 1.12 ± 0.20 to 0.89 ± 0.05 and 1.41 ± 0.07 to 1.35 ± 0.12 respectively relative to the control group. While significant (p<0.05) decrease in luteinizing hormone (1.71 ± 0.15) was observed relative to the standard drug group (1.76 ± 0.05). A significant (p<0.05) decrease in sperm count and testes weight was also observed in rats treated with A. vogelli extract relative to the normal control.The results suggest that, A. vogelli extract may cause decreased fertility in male albino rats and could be developed further into potent male contraceptives. A. gangetica on the other hand, had no effect on male reproductive hormones.

FAILURE OF HISTAMINE TO INDUCE THE RELEASE OF LUTEINIZING HORMONE IN CASTRATED RATS PRIMED WITH SEX STEROIDS

1978 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 447-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. O. DONOSO ◽  
A. M. BANZAN
Keyword(s):  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Positive Feedback ◽  
Sex Steroids ◽  
Third Ventricle ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Intraventricular Injection ◽  
Mediobasal Hypothalamus ◽  
Feedback Effects ◽  
The Third

Instituto de Investigaciones Cerebrales, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina (Received 10 March 1978) Injection of histamine into the third ventricle causes the release of luteinizing hormone (LH) in ovariectomized, steroid-primed and pro-oestrous rats (Donoso, Banzan & Borzino, 1976; Donoso, 1978). In oestrous rabbits, intraventricular injection of large doses of histamine or injection of histamine into the mediobasal hypothalamus induces ovulation and secretion of progesterone by the ovaries (Sawyer, 1955; Endröczi & Hilliard, 1965). However, histamine has no effect on the concentration of LH in the plasma of male rats (Donoso & Banzan, 1976). Together, these results suggest that histamine is able to induce the release of LH both before ovulation and in the presence of an adequate hormonal background. The positive feedback effects of oestradiol and progesterone on the release of gonadotrophins are absent in male rats. Injection of oestradiol, progesterone or testosterone into steroid-primed

Cocos nucifera L. oil alleviates lead acetate-induced reproductive toxicity in sexually-matured male Wistar rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olugbemi T. Olaniyan ◽  
Olakunle A. Ojewale ◽  
Ayobami Dare ◽  
Olufemi Adebayo ◽  
Joseph E. Enyojo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Lead Acetate ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Reproductive Toxicity ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Cocos Nucifera L

Abstract Objectives Lead primarily affects male reproductive functions via hormonal imbalance and morphological damage to the testicular tissue with significant alteration in sperm profile and oxidative markers. Though, different studies have reported that Cocos nucifera L. oil has a wide range of biological effects, this study aimed at investigating the effect of Cocos nucifera L. oil on lead acetate-induced reproductive toxicity in male Wistar rats. Methods Twenty (20) sexually matured male Wistar rats (55–65 days) were randomly distributed into four groups (n=5). Group I (negative control)—distilled water orally for 56 days, Group II (positive control)—5 mg/kg bwt lead acetate intraperitoneally (i.p.) for 14 days, Group III—6.7 mL/kg bwt Cocos nucifera L. oil orally for 56 days and Group IV—lead acetate intraperitoneally (i.p.) for 14 days and Cocos nucifera L. oil for orally for 56 days. Rats were sacrificed by diethyl ether, after which the serum, testis and epididymis were collected and used for semen analysis, biochemical and histological analysis. Results The lead acetate significantly increases (p<0.05) testicular and epididymal malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, while a significant reduction (p<0.05) in sperm parameters, organ weight, testosterone and luteinizing hormone was observed when compared with the negative control. The coadministration of Cocos nucifera oil with lead acetate significantly increases (p<0.05) testosterone, luteinizing hormone, sperm parameters and organ weight, with a significant decrease (p<0.05) in MDA levels compared with positive control. Histological analysis showed that lead acetate distorts testicular cytoarchitecture and germ cell integrity while this was normalized in the cotreated group. Conclusions Cocos nucifera oil attenuates the deleterious effects of lead acetate in male Wistar rats, which could be attributed to its polyphenol content and antioxidant properties.

RADIOAUTOGRAPHIC STUDIES ON THE LOCALIZATION OF 125I-LABELLED HUMAN LUTEINIZING AND GROWTH HORMONE IN IMMATURE MALE RATS

1969 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. DE KRETSER ◽  
K. J. CATT ◽  
H. G. BURGER ◽  
G. C. SMITH
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Human Growth Hormone ◽  
Light Microscope ◽  
Human Growth ◽  
Proximal Convoluted Tubule ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Immature Male ◽  
Parenchymal Cells

SUMMARY Twenty-day-old male rats were injected intraperitoneally with either human luteinizing hormone (HLH) or human growth hormone (HGH) labelled with 125I. The localization of these hormones 1–2 hr. after injection was examined under the light microscope after radioautography. Major sites of localization of labelled LH were the interstitial cells of the testis and the proximal convoluted tubule of the kidney. Some hormone was also present in adipose tissue, hepatic parenchymal cells, the mesothelial lining of the peritoneum and underlying macrophages. HGH was localized principally in the proximal convoluted tubule of the kidney with some hormone present in liver, adipose tissue, and the suprarenal cortex.

scholarly journals Azathioprine and Methotrexate impaired the morphology and functions of the testes in adult wistar rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (02) ◽  
pp. 075-081
Author(s):  
A. Akinlolu ◽  
O. Akinola ◽  
P. Khobe ◽  
K. Obasi ◽  
O. Dada
Keyword(s):  
Adult Male ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Physiological Saline ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Connective Tissues ◽  
Group I ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Dose Dependent

Abstract Introduction: AAzathioprine and Methotrexate are both used in the treatment of cancer; and are classified as cytotoxic drugs with reported adverse effects such as oxidative damage to the DNA/RNA, the testes and sperm cells. This study, therefore, tested the hypothesis that AAzathioprine and Methotrexate administrations impair the morphology and functions of the testes in adult male wistar rats. Methods: AAzathioprine (50-150mg per day) and Methotrexate (2.5mg per week) are used in the treatment of cancer in adult Man. We tested the hypothesis that AAzathioprine and Methotrexate impair the morphology and functions of testes in rats. Forty adult male wistar rats (150-230g) were employed in the study: Control Group I received physiological saline while Experimental Groups II - V received oral administrations of 5mg/kg/bodyweight of AAzathioprine per day, 15mg/kg/bodyweight of AAzathioprine per day, 8mg/kg/bodyweight of Methotrexate per week and 20mg/kg/bodyweight of Methotrexate per week respectively for 35 days. Results: Histological examinations of the testes of rats of Groups II - V showed dose-dependent morphological anomalies such as fewer collagen ibers of connective tissues, disrupted seminiferous tubules and scanty spermatozoa when compared to rats of Group I. Statistical analyses showed dose-dependent elevated levels (P≤0.05) of superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde in testes homogenates of rats of Groups II - V when compared to rats of Group I. This implied increased oxidative stress in rats of Groups II - V. Evaluations of Follicle Stimulating Hormone and Testosterone showed dose-dependent significantly elevated levels (P≤0.05) in rats of Groups II - V when compared to rats of Group I. Conclusions: Our findings are consistent with the stated hypothesis.

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