scholarly journals Leucaena feeding systems in Myanmar

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 423-427
Author(s):  
A. Aung
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Alternative Feed ◽  
Keynote Paper ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
High Feed ◽  
Feed Costs ◽  
Leucaena Toxicity ◽  
Feeding Systems

Keynote paper presented at the International Leucaena Conference, 1‒3 November 2018, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.Agriculture and livestock provide the main source of income for farmers in Myanmar. As feeds with low nutritive value and digestibility are traditionally used for animal feed, alternative feed sources of better quality are needed to improve production levels. While concentrates can be used to improve the quality of diets, this leads to high feed costs. To solve this problem, researchers in Myanmar conducted trials to replace some concentrates with leucaena. The nutritive value of leucaena in Myanmar is relatively the same as found in other countries. Control of leucaena toxicity was also studied in Myanmar by isolating mimosine-degrading bacteria and managing the feeding of leucaena. While farmers in Myanmar are aware that leucaena can be fed to livestock and can be toxic to animals, they have limited knowledge of the real benefits of leucaena as a feed for animals. Research to demonstrate the potential of leucaena feeding to animals in Myanmar and efforts to promote establishment of leucaena stands are urgently needed.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF INTERCROPPING MAIZE WITH CLIMBING BEAN ON FORAGE YIELD AND QUALITY

AGROFOR ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Darko UHER ◽  
Zlatko SVEČNJAK ◽  
Dubravka DUJMOVIĆ-PURGAR ◽  
Dario JAREŠ ◽  
Ivan HORVATIĆ
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Forage Digestibility ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
High Feed ◽  
Feed Costs

Maize forage is poor in protein content which shows its low quality and nutritive value. Regarding to high feed costs of protein supplementations, legumes can be used in livestock nutrition for their high protein content and, thus, providing cost savings. Since legumes have low dry matter yield, acceptable forage yield and quality can obtained from intercropping cereals and legumes compared with their sole crops. In this study, maize (Zea mays L.) and climbing bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) were intercropped in different sowing densities and their monocropping equivalents were tested to determine the best intercropping system on forage yield and quality. Maize was cultivated alone (75 000 plants ha-1) and intercropped with bean as follows: 75 000 plants ha-1 of maize and 37 500 plants ha-1 of bean (MB1), 75 000 plants ha-1 of maize and 50 000 plants ha-1 of bean (MB2) and 75 000 plants ha-1 of maize and 75 000 plants ha-1 of bean (MB3), in rows alternating with maize. The highest dry matter yield was produced by MB3 (20.9 t ha-1), and the lowest by maize (16.9 t ha-1). All intercropped systems had higher crude protein contents, MB1 (92 g kg-1 DM), MB2 (99 g kg-1 DM) and MB3 (110 g kg-1 DM), than the maize (77 g kg-1 DM). Intercropping of maize with bean reduced neutral and acid detergent fiber, resulting in increased forage digestibility. Therefore, maize intercropping with bean could substantially increase forage quantity and quality, and decrease requirements for protein supplements as compared with maize.

scholarly journals Nutritive value of fodder mixes for nutrition of cattle in territory of Republic of Serbia

2010 ◽  
Vol 64 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 75-81
Author(s):  
Dragan Sefer ◽  
Radmila Markovic ◽  
Marcela Speranda ◽  
Branko Petrujkic
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Strict Adherence ◽  
Official Gazette ◽  
Intensive Breeding ◽  
Satisfactory Quality

Over a period of five years (2005-2009), the laboratory of the Department for Nutrition and Botanic analyzed 22 samples of mixes from the territory of Serbia, intended for the diet of two categories of cattle (fattening calves I and dairy cows with over 20 liters of milk). The analysis was performed using standard methods, and the obtained results were compared with the quality conditions prescribed under the Regulations on quality and other requirements for animal feed (SRY Official Gazette numbers 20/00 and 38/01). Intensive breeding of cattle implies the use of concentrated mixes for all categories which are adapted to the age and purpose of maintenance of the animals. The mixes are products of the animal food industry, and they are obtained through an established technological procedure using the required raw materials. The inadequate quality of raw materials causes problems involving the quality of the finished products, so that strict adherence to the established recipes does not necessary result in a satisfactory quality of the mixes. All of the above imposes the need for the constant monitoring of the nutritive value of the mixes, and consequently also of their quality. On the grounds of the analysis of the presence of the elementary nutritive matter, no significant differences were established with regard to the prescribed quantity of nutritive matter, so that the use of the examined mixes in the diets of the respective categories of cattle can be expected to yield satisfactory production results. .

Effects of supplementary hay in the diet of concentrate fed early weaned lambs

1991 ◽  
Vol 1991 ◽  
pp. 83-83
Author(s):  
J E Vipond ◽  
J FitzSimons ◽  
M Lewis ◽  
G Horgan
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Market Prices ◽  
Component Selection ◽  
High Feed ◽  
Feeder Design ◽  
Feed Costs ◽  
On Farm ◽  
By Products ◽  
Saliva Production ◽  
Feeding Systems

Early weaned lambs have been successfully reared to slaughter on ad libitum concentrate diets for many years, mainly in systems involving out of season lamb production where high market prices offset the comparatively high feed costs. In these systems maximum growth rates are required to enable lambs to reach acceptable slaughter weights before market prices fall.Feeding systems may be based on whole cereals supplemented with small, high protein pellets, a technique developed from Rowett studies (Orskov et al, 1974) or home made blends of processed cereals and by-products or proprietary concentrates. Component selection Is a common problem with diets based on whole grains and although this can largely be overcome by correct feeder design this incurs considerable expense. Diet selection can be reduced by processing grain (eg on farm rolling) or by pelleting. Cereal processing and pelleting however can have deleterious effects on rumen function as described by Orskov (1973), the effects being attributed to both inadequate saliva production and reduced rumen surface stimulation by roughage.

Quality and fatty acid profile of milk of indigenous dairy goats fed from oasis resources in Tunisian arid areas

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (17) ◽  
pp. 2044
Author(s):  
Naziha Ayeb ◽  
Besma Majdoub ◽  
Mohamed Dbara ◽  
Imen Fguiri ◽  
Soufiene Khorchani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Arid Zones ◽  
Alternative Feed ◽  
Alfalfa Hay ◽  
Lactating Goats

Context The food security of Tunisia is dependent on utilising all of its resources effectively to feed the population. Rangelands used for grazing are subject to continuous degradation, which reduces the availability of feeds to livestock. In the oasis regions, this constraint is attenuated by the systematic use of various by-products of the palm grove. There is a need to constantly search for alternative feed resources to support ruminant-livestock farming in arid regions and, therefore, the products of desert oases need to be exploited Aims The present work aimed to determine the effect of the use of local resources of oases on feed intake and milk quality of goats. Methods Twenty-four indigenous lactating goats were used to investigate the effect of the substitution of the concentrate feed with alternative feed obtained from oases in Tunisian arid zones. The three study groups in the 60-day trial were as follows: the first group received 0% date waste (WD) + 100% concentrate (CON) + oaten hay; the second group received 50% WD + 30% alfalfa cork (AC) + 20% CON + alfalfa hay; and the third group received 50% WD + 50% AC and no CON + alfalfa hay. Key results Feed intake was higher in Group 2 (1167.10 ± 42.8 g DM/day) than in Groups 3 and 1 (1028.9 ± 68.9 and 856.04 ± 58.9 g DM/day respectively. Average daily milk production did not differ among the groups. Dietary fat and crude protein were not affected by the type of ration. The concentrations of saturated fatty acids were similar in the milk of the three groups. In the three groups studied, the ratio n6:n3 (12.80, 8.80 and 6.77) was higher than the recommended value (<5) for human consumption. Conclusions The use of WD did not affect milk production but it improved the nutritional quality of milk, especially the composition of fatty acid (ratio n6/n3). Implications The use of alternative resources in goat feeding, such as WD and alfalfa cork, can replace the use of market feeds and decrease the costs of animal feed.

Taking near infrared spectroscopy beyond feedstuff analysis to enhance animal production profitability

2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (11) ◽  
pp. 1179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadden Graham ◽  
Chris Piotrowski ◽  
Robert Van Barneveld
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Nir Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Reflectance ◽  
Feed Ingredients ◽  
Feed Industry ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Feed Costs ◽  
Line Analysis

Near infrared reflectance (NIR) spectroscopy allows a cheap and rapid estimation of composition, and thus is widely used in the animal feed industry for the quality control and quality assurance of feeds and particularly feed ingredients. However, such analyses are often limited to a few variables not closely related to the nutritive value of the particular feed ingredients, and are often retrospective. This paper discusses recent developments in both hardware and software, which now allow real-time and in-line analysis of feed ingredients and feeds, and how these can be used to save substantial costs in the feed industry worldwide by reducing feed costs and giving more predictable animal performance. We also discuss how laboratory, hand-held and in-line NIR equipment could be widely used in the future for the purchase of feed ingredients and the manufacture of animal feeds.

scholarly journals PENINGKATAN PENDAPATAN UKM MELALUI PENGUASAAN TEKNOLOGI PAKAN LELE DAN PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH LOKAL DESA JATISARI KECAMATAN JATISRONO, KABUPATEN WONOGIRI

Warta LPM ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Rochmi Widayanti
Keyword(s):  
Production Planning ◽  
Business Management ◽  
Management Training ◽  
Business Plan ◽  
Feed Manufacturing ◽  
Alternative Feed ◽  
High Feed ◽  
Feed Costs ◽  
Village Government ◽  
The Village

IbM activities carried out in the village Jatisari, local village government has formed groups of fish farmers, but due to constraints in the high feed costs, the number of farmers began to decrease from 20 to less than 5 people catfish farmers. Constraints, high feed costs caused by dependence on the feed manufacturers and fish farmers group is limited knowledge about the creation of alternative feed. Limitations in managing the business also experienced group of fish farmers, especially in production planning and financial of the business, through the program IbM, expected these problems can be finished.The IbM program consist of:(1)business management training (business plan), (2) training of feed manufacturing catfish with the use of local waste and can be as alternative feed, (3) training on mastery of engine technology prill fish pellets simple and integrated with dryers that can be used as an alternative to the rainy season. Outcomes of this program can be formed business group catfish farmers are independent, able to manage the business properly, can make alternative feed and capable of implementing the technology. 

scholarly journals https://www.anbarjvs.edu.iq/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/1.pdf

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kifah Odhaib ◽  
Measem Alallawee ◽  
Zainab AL-Mousawi
Keyword(s):  
Animal Feed ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Commercial Application ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Animal Product ◽  
Deterioration Process ◽  
Herbal Plants ◽  
Feed Costs ◽  
The Stability

The purpose of this review is to summarize the effectiveness, modes of action and commercial application of herbal plants and their derivatives as growth promoters for animal. As described in literature, the increase in the growth of farming prices and feed costs for small ruminant in general, led to increases difficulties in production of livestock. To dissolve this issue, several studies concentrated on new alternative of feed resource, but others have tried to enrich milk products and meat by rising polyphenol compounds content to their by introductions of herbal plants in sheep and goat feed. Currently, consumers demand safety and the quality of feeding. Since antibiotics can be leave residues in ruminant tissues, that could induce subsequent emergence of resistant strains of microorganisms capable of endangering the health of livestock and human. This scenario has given the impetus to explore alternatives to antibiotics in animal nutrition. Consequently, as replacement for the synthetic growth promoter’s antibiotics, natural products like herbs and spice as natural feed additives come to the attention to enhance physiological functions. So, the use of feeds containing bioactive compounds such as thymol, flavonoids, saponins, limonene, thymoquinone, essential oils and others which concentrated in different parts, such as leaves, roots and seeds that can be used for these purpose in animal feed and responsible for the healthy animal product. Furthermore, one of the hot points in the advanced research is the stability of animal product against the oxidative deterioration process that limits the shelf life.

Comparation of the qualitative parameters of traditional feedstuff vs alternative feedstuff

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-66
Author(s):  
Keti Gjesovska ◽  
Ljupka Necinova ◽  
Gjore Nakov
Keyword(s):  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Industrial Process ◽  
Livestock Production ◽  
Animal Nutrition ◽  
Swine Production ◽  
Feed Costs ◽  
Made In

Animal feed is a product of vegetable, animal or mineral origin, obtained naturally or in industrial process,as feed mixtures, concentrates and raw materials for the production of animal feed, which serve as food for animals, which are not harmful to their health.The animal feed can be processed,partly processed or unprocessed for animal nutrition. Historically, feed costs have represented 65 -75 percent of the variable costs of swine production, but for many producers this figure is higher now. As a result, feed costs play a major role in determining the profitability of a swine enterprise. Feed costs are, and will continue to be, an ever increasing factor in determining the profitability of a swine enterprise. Adopting ingredient alternatives seems like a logical step for pork producers. The aim of this study is to compare the qualitative parameters of feed stuffs from different groups,traditional and alternative,point to their advantages and their disadvantages by their usage during the process of animal breeding and livestock production,and all that in order to prove that the traditional feedstuffs can be replaced with alternative,which will cost effectively and provide variety of benefits to the swine ratio including energy,protein and fiber. The samples which were analysed were samples of corn and barley.The analyses were made in the labotory of the Agro Idustrial Association – AGRIA.Parameters which refer to the quality of the feedstuff and which were analysed were :moisture, ash insoluble in hydrochloric acid, raw proteins, raw fiber, acidity degree and the amount of substances that they shouldn?t contain or should contain only in certain quantities (forbidden substances).The obtained results were compared to the standard parameters in order to compare the quality of the analysed feedstuffs. The obtained values from the the tested samples are: moisture 10.4% and 10.58% for corn and barley respectively, proteins 8.06% and 11.27%; ash 1, 16% and 2.57%, fiber 2.61% and 3.84.

scholarly journals Dual use of leucaena for bioenergy and animal feed in Thailand

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-199
Author(s):  
Sayan Tudsri ◽  
Songyos Chotchutima ◽  
Karnda Nakamanee ◽  
Kunn Kangwansaichol
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Plant Spacing ◽  
Triple Superphosphate ◽  
Dual Use ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Livestock Feed ◽  
Keynote Paper ◽  
Hybrid Lines ◽  
Infertile Soils

Keynote paper presented at the International Leucaena Conference, 1‒3 November 2018, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.Leucaena is a dual-purpose plant suitable for producing both biofuel and feed for livestock (dairy and beef cattle, buffalo and goats). It has a high woody stem yield under repeated cutting and has a suitable chemical composition for excellent heat generation on combustion. Yields of leaf, which is a by-product of this process, are also high and the leaf has high nutritive value as an animal feed. Tarramba appears the highest yielding cultivar available, and many hybrid lines show excellent potential. Plant spacing of 1 × 0.50 m is recommended with cutting not more frequently than once a year. Harvesting of the crop should be carried out as a compromise between the needs for biofuel and livestock feed. On infertile soils application of at least 750 kg triple superphosphate, 188 kg KCl and 188 kg gypsum/ha/yr is recommended. Some limitations on growing and the management of leucaena are discussed.

Pengaruh Kecepatan Putar Terhadap Hasil Coran pada Metode Pengecoran Sentrifugal dalam Pembuatan Produk Pisau Pakan Ternak dengan Material Ni-Hard1

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (01) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Roni Kusnowo ◽  
Kus Hanaldi
Keyword(s):  
Animal Feed ◽  
Centrifugal Casting ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Gravity Casting ◽  
Friction Resistance ◽  
Optimal Speed ◽  
Mold Making

Animal feed knife is a tool that serves to cut and chop animal feed consisting of grass as the main ingredient with additives such as bran, herbs, centrate, cassava, tofu pulp and others. Therefore, as a cutting tool must have the properties of friction resistance, impact resistance, and have good sharpness, so that the material chosen is Ni-Hard 1. The use of centrifugal casting method was chosen because it has the advantage of being able to make castings with relatively thin thickness this is due to the influence of the centrifugal force on the distribution of metal liquids throughout the cavity in the mold. Case study in this study is the use of centrifugal casting methods as an alternative to gravity casting methods to overcome defects of misruns. This research was conducted to investigate the effect of speed on the formation of castings products. The method that was carried out began with a literature study on centrifugal casting, and continued by determining the material, the temperature of the cast is in the range 1250ºC - 1300ºC, and the type of mold. The next step is to do work drawings, pattern making, mold making, casting processes, fettling processes, and analysis. With variations in speed of 200 rpm, 300 rpm and 400 rpm, it can be seen the optimal speed for making this product. The results of this study obtained optimal speed at a speed of 300 rpm to make good quality of animal feed knife products.

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