scholarly journals Topical Trends of Improving Economy of Regions and Municipal Entities in Siberia

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexey Samarukha

Today, socio-economic development of regions and municipal entities in Russia and, in particular, in Siberia is characterized by getting out of crisis state after overcoming the period of recession, in spite of the increasing sanction policy pursued by the governments of the western developed economies. However, restoration of the pre-crisis level of personal incomes and social security will require significant time and system efforts on the part of regional and municipal authorities. In terms of resource restrictions and, as a rule, insufficiency of financial means, practical stabilization of socio-economic growth in many respects and generally depends on manifestation of legal entrepreneurial activity at the intermunicipal, regional and interregional levels, according to the strategy of new industrialization of Siberia. Respectively, it requires development of the topical trends of improving the economy of regions and municipal entities on the principles of cooperation and interterritorial interaction, including the international cooperation, taking into account the territorial specifics of ecological restrictions. In this regard, the article offers a new approach to implementing the strategic principle - eco-industrialization, on the principles of the financial and budgetary project development.

2018 ◽  
pp. 5-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Grigoryev ◽  
V. A. Pavlyushina

The phenomenon of economic growth is studied by economists and statisticians in various aspects for a long time. Economic theory is devoted to assessing factors of growth in the tradition of R. Solow, R. Barrow, W. Easterly and others. During the last quarter of the century, however, the institutionalists, namely D. North, D. Wallis, B. Weingast as well as D. Acemoglu and J. Robinson, have shown the complexity of the problem of development on the part of socioeconomic and political institutions. As a result, solving the problem of how economic growth affects inequality between countries has proved extremely difficult. The modern world is very diverse in terms of development level, and the article offers a new approach to the formation of the idea of stylized facts using cluster analysis. The existing statistics allows to estimate on a unified basis the level of GDP production by 174 countries of the world for 1992—2016. The article presents a structured picture of the world: the distribution of countries in seven clusters, different in levels of development. During the period under review, there was a strong per capita GDP growth in PPP in the middle of the distribution, poverty in various countries declined markedly. At the same time, in 1992—2016, the difference increased not only between rich and poor groups of countries, but also between clusters.


2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Andres Ballesteros ◽  
Carlos Esteban Posada

Author(s):  
Anna Smahliuk ◽  
◽  
Tetiana Pokotylo ◽  

The article explores the factors that allow the economies of the countries of the world to achieve sustainable economic growth at different stages of the country's economic development, depending on the level of GDP per capita. Among which are highlighted: basic factors, efficiency factors and innovative factors. For the Ukrainian economy, which is at the stage of focusing on efficiency, the issues of the place, significance and level of economic complexity of the Ukrainian economy and ensuring sustainable economic growth on this basis are considered. Economic diversification and complexity are defined as key drivers of long-term growth. The dynamics of the index of economic complexity in Ukraine is analyzed, modern trends are revealed. Directions and strategic approaches to the diversification of national production are proposed, which could have a significant multiplier effect, increase the complexity and level of knowledge in the economy. It also provides evidence on the relationship between socio-economic development, values of self-expression and democratic institutions. The conclusion is formulated: socio- economic development leads to the spread of the values of self-expression, and they, in turn, to the establishment and strengthening of democratic institutions.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kulinich O.V. ◽  
Orel Yu. ◽  
Bykovets K.Yu.

The article examines the approaches to the classification of social enterprises by different classification features, such as: objectives and direction of using profit, priority sources of funding, the degree of integration of social programs and business processes, the degree of financial capacity, ways to create social enterprises, specifics of entrepreneurial activity organization, organizational and legal form, areas of activity, size, location, etc. A new approach to classification according to the criterion of innovative potential of enterprises is proposed.


Author(s):  
Alla Tkachenko ◽  
◽  
Dmytro Plinokos ◽  

The article examines the conditions and features of the formation of an idea for the development of a modern product, modern technology or a new vector of development of entrepreneurial activity on the platform of design thinking. This category - design thinking should become one of the main areas of business development, startups and creating a comfortable environment not only in business but also in the organization of public programs and decisions, the organization of municipal economy, as well as management at the state level. Any startup begins with the formation of the idea. It should not be just an idea, but the idea that can change the world, change people's lives for the better. A mandatory condition for the development of the country's economic system is the development of the entrepreneurship. During the political reorientation of our country, changes in the economy are taking place primarily through the introduction of new ideas. Based on the existing issues of business organization, entrepreneurship development and especially the creation of startup projects in Ukraine, requires clarification of the peculiarities of the development of startups based on a new approach - design thinking. Requires research and further clarification of the application of design thinking in the work of enterprises, the use of innovative approaches to the organization of both new forms of business and the improvement of existing relationships and business processes. The purpose of the article is to study the conditions and features of the formation of the idea for the development of a modern product, modern technology or a new vector of business development on the platform of design thinking. Of course, these changes require the promotion of more competitive products created using innovative approaches, there is the implementation of a startup. Many methods can be used to understand the real problem and its causes. It is worth to analyze the problem. The analysis of the problem better provides understanding of the problem before starting work with it. Even at the stage of the problem formulation, may arise a lot of questions connecting with people perception, misunderstanding, and vision of its solutions. A fundamentally new approach of solving the problem is the design thinking. The design thinking is a method of creating products and services that are focused on the person. It is the process when researchers try to understand the consumer problems, to make assumptions and to check them, to change the problem statement and try to find alternative strategies and solutions. The design thinking basis is the empathy and the ability to form schematic images in the imagination to further identify patterns and generate ideas with emotional and functional content. Empathy is a broad concept that refers to a person's cognitive and emotional reactions to another's experience. The empathy benefits to build and rebuild relationships. On the other hand, through support we acquire the skills of better regulation of personal emotions, especially using such useful and valuable experiense in stressful circumstances. This determines another property of empathy - it promotes the development of healthier and more meaningful behavior. Implementing business ideas creates additional opportunities for businesses. This process begins with a specific problem - a task for design thinking. This task must be accessible, understandable and feasible. Solving this problem will meet the needs of consumers, solve their problem, and create a new, unique product that is in demand. The development of startups, business organizations, the work of enterprises on this principle will provide significant benefits, and will be more successful and competitive.


Author(s):  
Elena Pekhtereva ◽  

The review examines the results of the December 2020 official census of the population of China, the most populous country in the world. It is noted that the Chinese government is seriously concerned about the low rate of population growth. The authorities fear that a slowdown in population growth and its aging while the size of the labour force is decreasing may seriously slow down economic growth. The opinions and statements of analysts on the prospects of the demographic situation in China in the context of its socio-economic development are presented.


2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip T. Roundy ◽  
Dutch Fayard

In pursuit of the beneficial outcomes of entrepreneurship, governments and regional development organisations enact policies to stimulate entrepreneurial activity. A growing focus of policymakers in emerging and developed economies is the promotion of entrepreneurial ecosystems: the interconnected system of forces that generate and sustain regional entrepreneurship. Despite intense interest in entrepreneurial ecosystems, the topic is under-theorised. Studies draw attention to the positive effects of entrepreneurial ecosystems on the creation and functioning of early-stage ventures; however, the specific mechanisms through which ecosystems influence entrepreneurs are not clear. To address this issue, we build on dynamic capabilities theory to create a theoretical framework that identifies a set of forces through which ecosystems influence entrepreneurship. We propose that in vibrant entrepreneurial ecosystems entrepreneurs are more able to sense, seize and reconfigure resources and opportunities. Our theory contributes to entrepreneurship research, has implications for policymakers and practitioners, and suggests directions for future studies.


Author(s):  
Darma Mahadea ◽  
Irrshad Kaseeram

Background: South Africa has made significant progress since the dawn of democracy in 1994. It registered positive economic growth rates and its real gross domestic product (GDP) per capita increased from R42 849 in 1994 to over R56 000 in 2015. However, employment growth lagged behind GDP growth, resulting in rising unemployment. Aim and setting: Entrepreneurship brings together labour and capital in generating income, output and employment. According to South Africa’s National Development Plan, employment growth would come mainly from small-firm entrepreneurship and economic growth. Accordingly, this article investigates the impact unemployment and per capita income have on early stage total entrepreneurship activity (TEA) in South Africa, using data covering the 1994–2015 period. Methods: The methodology used is the dynamic least squares regression. The article tests the assertion that economic growth, proxied by real per capita GDP income, promotes entrepreneurship and that high unemployment forces necessity entrepreneurship. Results: The regression results indicate that per capita real GDP, which increases with economic growth, has a highly significant, positive impact on entrepreneurial activity, while unemployment has a weaker effect. A 1% rise in real per capita GDP results in a 0.16% rise in TEA entrepreneurship, and a 1% rise in unemployment is associated with a 0.25% rise in TEA. Conclusion: There seems to be a strong pull factor, from income growth to entrepreneurship and a reasonable push from unemployment to entrepreneurship, as individuals without employment are forced to self-employment as a necessity, survival mechanism. Overall, a long-run co-integrating relationship seems plausible between unemployment, income and entrepreneurship in South Africa.


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