scholarly journals Post-parturitional changes in the proportion of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes in Toxocara canis-infected mice and their offspring

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 103-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Reiterova ◽  
O. Tomasovicova ◽  
P. Dubinsky
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Considerable Increase ◽  
Toxocara Canis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Initial Increase ◽  
Moderate Increase ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Cd8 T Lymphocytes ◽  
High Level ◽  
First Time

The aim of this study was to determine the post-parturitional changes in the proportion of the splenic CD4+ and CD8+ subpopulation of T lymphocytes after the birth of Toxocara canis infected C57Bl/6 mice and their offspring in relation to the intensity of infection. In mothers infected on the day of mating the proportion of CD4+ T lymphocytes showed an increase for the period of 21 days after the birth in comparison with the control group of the mothers. Conversely, the proportion of CD8+ T lymphocytes showed a significant decline throughout the whole course of the observation. In the offspring of infected mothers the initial increase of CD4+ after the birth turned into a significant decrease in comparison with the offspring of the healthy mothers. The reduction of CD8+ T lymphocytes was detected in the offspring of the infected mothers almost throughout the whole period of observation. The CD4+/CD8+ ratio showed a considerable increase in infected mothers and their offspring in comparison with the control groups. T. canis larvae in the muscle of offspring were found for the first time on the fifth day after the birth and the number of larvae showed a moderate increase. The results refer to the changes in the immune regulatory mechanisms in the T. canis infected mothers and the high level of miscarriages after infection.

The Miaoyao Fanggan Sachets regulate humoral immunity and cellular immunity in mice

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Quan Zhang ◽  
Hui Wang ◽  
Ming Liang Cheng ◽  
Mingchang Jin ◽  
Qing Zhi Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Cd8 T Cells ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Guizhou Province ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Moderate Increase ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Group 12 ◽  
First Time

Abstract: Although some studies in the southeast part of Guizhou Province have suggested that Miaoyao Fanggan Sachets (MFS) prevent influenza, little is known about its influence on immune systems. Influenza virus mainly infects immune-compromised individuals. The effects of MFS have mainly been recognized in clinical practice. However, there have been relatively few studies on its biological mechanism. Here we investigated whether MFS was able to affect the mucosal immunization and the activation of alveolar macrophages (AM), CD4+and CD8+ T-cells: Eighty Kunming male mice were treated with MFS continuously or intermittently with Yu-Ping-Feng powder (YPF-P) (positive control group) or with normal saline (NS) (control group) for 4 weeks, respectively. Mice treated with MFS were further divided into the continuous inhalation group (12 h daily/4 weeks) and the discontinuous inhalation group (1 h, three times a day for 4 weeks). Mice in both groups were placed under 0.5 m: Mice continuously and intermittently inhaling MFS showed a moderate increase in IgA and IgG1 protein levels compared with mice in the control groups. There was also a slightly significant increase in the number of AM in the continuous inhalation group compared with mice in the control groups (p<0.05). Furthermore, compared with controls, there was also a slightly significant increase in the number and percentage of CD4+and CD8+T-cells in both the continuous inhalation group and the discontinuous inhalation group (p<0.05).: MFS was able to up-regulate the protein levels of sIgA and IgG1. Meanwhile, MFS could activate AM, CD4+and CD8+T-cells in mice. Our data have, for the first time, demonstrated that the protection against influenza by MFS is partly through activation of the innate and adaptive cell-mediated immune responses, indicating MFS as a potential new immune-modulatory agent for respiratory tract infectious disease.

scholarly journals Efficiency Of Using Domestic Feed Additive On Biological And Physiological Indicators Of Rabbits

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (04) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
K. I. Khidirov ◽  
◽  
G. J. Kutlieva ◽  
B. I. Turaeva ◽  
N. A. Elova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Physiological Indicators ◽  
High Level ◽  
Experimental Group

Research has been carried out to study the influence of "ProBioKorm Uz", a biologically active feed additive, on the development and physiological characteristics of rabbits of ‘New Zealand’ breed. During the experiment, 2 experimental and a control groups were formed. Adding "ProBioKorm Uz" to the main feed at the rate of 1% and 2% had an increase in experimental group rabbits’ live weight. Average live weight of them was higher by 5,7 %-3.8% than in the control group. Feed units composed 1.59%, dry matter 0.56 kg (3.61%) and crude protein 0.11 kg (3.59%) compared with the control group. Rabbits of experimental groups had higher indicators of erythrocytes concentration by 0.34-1.00 1012/l (10.34-19.53%), leukocytes - by 0.370-0.46 109/l (5.66-8, 06%), as well as a high level of hemoglobin by 7.42-11.08 g/l (6.81-10.08%) and total protein - by 2.40-4.48 (3.64-6, 42%).

scholarly journals Polymorphisms in the IFNγ, IL-10, and TGFβGenes May Be Associated with HIV-1 Infection

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe Bonfim Freitas ◽  
Sandra Souza Lima ◽  
Rosimar Neris Martins Feitosa ◽  
Vânia Nakauth Azevedo ◽  
Marluísa de O. Guimarães Ishak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Plasma Viral Load ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Clinical Markers ◽  
Cd8 T Lymphocytes ◽  
Aids Progression ◽  
Hiv 1

Objective.This study investigated possible associations between the TNFα-308G/A, IFN+874A/T, IL-6-174C/G, IL-10-1082A/G, and TGFβ-509C/T polymorphisms with HIV-1 infection, in addition to correlation of the polymorphisms with clinical markers of AIDS progression, such as levels of CD4+/CD8+ T lymphocytes and plasma viral load.Methods.A total of 216 individuals who were infected with HIV-1 and on antiretroviral therapy (ART) and 294 individuals from the uninfected control group were analyzed.Results.All individuals evaluated were negative for total anti-HBc, anti-HCV, anti-T. pallidum, and anti-HTLV-1/2. The polymorphisms were identified by PCR-RFLP. Individuals presenting the IFN+874A allele as well as the AA genotype were more frequent in the HIV-1 infected group compared to the control group (P<0.05), in addition to having lower levels of CD4+ T lymphocytes. The CD8+ T lymphocytes count was significantly lower in individuals with the IL-10-1082 GG genotype. The TGFβ-509TT genotype was associated with higher plasma viral load.Conclusions.The results suggest that the presence of the IFN+874A allele confers susceptibility to HIV-1 infection and a decrease in the number of CD4+ T lymphocytes. In addition, the genotype associated with high serum levels of TGFβmay be associated with an increase in plasma viral load.

The Levels of T Lymphocyte Subsets in Immune Thrombocytopenia Associated with Anti-GPIIb/IIIa- and/or Anti-GPIbα-Mediated Responses Are Differentially Sensitive to Dexamethasone

2018 ◽  
Vol 140 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Chen ◽  
Yanyan Xie ◽  
Min Ruan ◽  
Jinning Shi
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Immune Thrombocytopenia ◽  
Lymphocyte Subsets ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dexamethasone Treatment ◽  
T Lymphocyte Subsets ◽  
Cd8 T Lymphocytes ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective: The aim of this work was to investigate the influence of T lymphocyte subsets and platelet-specific autoantibodies on immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) with dexamethasone therapy. Methods: The samples were obtained from patients before therapy. T lymphocyte subsets were measured by flow cytometry, and platelet-specific autoantibodies were evaluated by modified monoclonal antibody immobilization of platelet antigen assay. Results: A total of 50 ITP patients were involved in the study. Twenty-three were anti-GPIbα antibody positive and were treated with dexamethasone, with a response rate of 47.8%. Twenty-seven cases were anti-GPIbα antibody negative, with a response rate of 77.8%. A significant difference was detected (p < 0.05). The level of CD4+ T lymphocytes in ITP patients was lower compared with the control group (p < 0.05). The level of CD8+ T lymphocytes was higher than that in the normal controls (p < 0.05). Additionally, the patients with a higher level of CD8+ T lymphocytes and lower level of CD4+ T lymphocytes were more likely to respond to dexamethasone treatment. Moreover, we observed that ITP patients associated with anti-GPIIb/IIIa antibodies had lower levels of CD4+ T lymphocytes and higher CD8+ T lymphocyte levels. Conclusions: There was insensitivity to dexamethasone treatment in ITP patients who were anti-GPIbα antibody positive. The detection of T lymphocyte subsets is useful in ITP patients for forecasting the outcome of dexamethasone treatment. There were some relationships between the different antibodies and the levels of T lymphocyte subsets.

scholarly journals Utilization of salts of volatile fatty acids by growing sheep

1966 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. R. Ørskov ◽  
D. M. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Fatty Acid ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Level Control ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
High Level ◽  
Basal Ration

1. An experiment was conducted in which sodium and calcium salts of acetic, propionic and butyric acids were given to groups of eight lambs as additions to basal diets of hay and concentrate. Two control groups were included, one group which received only the basal ration and one high-level control group which received sufficient additional concentrate to achieve growth rates greater than those of the groups receiving volatile fatty acid (VFA) salts. 2. With rumen-fistulated sheep, the effect on the rumen VFA composition and the pH of the rumen liquor, of diets supplemented with VFA salts given twice daily, was also investigated and compared with the effect of the basal diet alone. 3. The lambs receiving the VFA salts grew faster and achieved significantly greater empty body and carcass weights than those receiving only the basal rations; the high-level control group had significantly greater empty body and carcass weights than groups receiving salts of VFA. 4. There were no differences approaching significance in the efficiency of the three VFA in promoting gains in live weight, empty body weight and carcass weight. There appeared to be equal efficiency of utilization of the gross energy of the VFA and of the calculatedmetabolizable energy of the concentrates. 5. The effect of twice-daily feeding on the rumen VFA composition was that the concentration of the supple- mentary acid was greatest shortly after feeding, and about 5–6 h after feeding the effect was difficult to detect. There were no differences in the pH of the rumen liquor between animals given diets containing VFA salts and those given the basal ration.

scholarly journals Measurement of Plasma Glutathione S-Transferase in Hepatocellular Damage in Pre-Eclampsia

2002 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 483-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Kumtepe ◽  
B Börekçi ◽  
H Aksoy ◽  
K Altinkaynak ◽  
M Ingeç ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Function Tests ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Hepatocellular Damage ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Plasma Glutathione ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
High Level ◽  
And Control

Glutathione S-transferase (GST) is a cytosolic enzyme found in high concentrations in the liver. We investigated the value of plasma GST measurements in pre-eclamptic patients. A total of 80 patients (40 in the pre-eclampsia group and 40 in the control group) were recruited. All patients were evaluated for GST, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase. Pre-eclampsia was defined as the occurrence, after 20 weeks' gestation, of a diastolic blood pressure greater than 90 mmHg on two or more occasions at least 4 h apart, and concomitant proteinuria greater than 0.3 g/l over a 24-h urine collection period. There was no statistical difference between the pre-eclampsia and control groups in terms of ALT, gestational age, maternal age or number of previous pregnancies; a significant difference was found between the pre-eclampsia and control groups in terms of GST. Pre-eclampsia represents a significant cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Accurate assessment of hepatocellular damage is essential in the clinical management of these patients. GST levels in pre-eclamptic patients were found to be much higher (131.98 IU/l) than in control patients (68.67 IU/l), and this high level suggests hepatocellular damage. We concluded that measurement of plasma GST might provide an earlier and much more sensitive indicator of hepatocellular damage than other liver-function tests.

scholarly journals Ligation of CD80 Is Critical for High-Level CD25 Expression on CD8+ T Lymphocytes

2006 ◽  
Vol 177 (7) ◽  
pp. 4495-4502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharmila Pejawar-Gaddy ◽  
Martha A. Alexander-Miller
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Cd25 Expression ◽  
Cd8 T Lymphocytes ◽  
High Level

scholarly journals Elucidating the Functional Roles of Helper and Cytotoxic T Cells in the Cell-Mediated Immune Responses of Olive Flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus)

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 847
Author(s):  
Jae Wook Jung ◽  
Ae Rin Lee ◽  
Jaesung Kim ◽  
Young Rim Kim ◽  
Jassy Mary S. Lazarte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Cytotoxic T Cells ◽  
Paralichthys Olivaceus ◽  
Olive Flounder ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Adaptive Immune ◽  
Cd8 T Lymphocytes ◽  
Olive Flounder Paralichthys Olivaceus

In higher vertebrates, helper and cytotoxic T cells, referred to as CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes, respectively, are mainly associated with adaptive immunity. The adaptive immune system in teleosts involves T cells equivalent to those found in mammals. We previously generated monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) CD4 T cells, CD4-1 and CD4-2, and used these to describe the olive flounder’s CD4 Tcell response during a viral infection. In the present study, we successfully produced mAbs against CD8 T lymphocytes and their specificities were confirmed using immuno-blotting, immunofluorescence staining, flow cytometry analysis andreverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The results showed that these mAbs are specific for CD8 T lymphocytes. We also investigated variations in CD4 and CD8 T cells populations, and analyzed the expression of immune-related genes expressed by these cells in fish infected with nervous necrosis virus or immunized with thymus dependent and independent antigens. We found that both CD4 and CD8 T lymphocyte populations significantly increased in these fish and Th1-related genes were up-regulated compared to the control group. Collectively, these findings suggest that the CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes in olive flounder are similar to the helper and cytotoxic T cells found in mammals, and Th1 and cytotoxic immune responses are primarily involved in the early adaptive immune response against extracellular antigens.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of biological activity of probiotic preparations based on Enzymesporine

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 00017
Author(s):  
Alexander Gorobets ◽  
Denis Trubnikov
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Physiological Limit ◽  
Probiotic Preparation ◽  
Hematological And Biochemical Parameters ◽  
High Level

In the article the influence of using the microencapsulated probiotic preparation Enzymesporine with an enzyme in comparison with analogues that do not have an enzyme (microencapsulated and non-encapsulated) in pigs of Genesus selection is considered. The activity on intestinal digestion, growth and weight gain, and on hematological and biochemical parameters is studied. The period of life of pigs during the experiment was 48-98-148 days. In the course of the performed experiment on pigs of Genesus selection, after the usage of reliable results. The increase in the life weight and daily weight gain in the period from the 48th to the 148th day of life has been confirmed. That indicates the advantages of the microencapsulated probiotic preparation Enzymesporine with an enzyme over microencapsulated and non-encapsulated analogues without an enzyme. The general analysis of blood showed that the animals that received microencapsulated Enzymesporine with an enzyme. Along with that the content of erythrocytes and hemoglobin reached the upper physiological limit, which is significantly higher than that in the control groups. During the determination of biochemical parameters of blood a significant increase of the amount of total protein and albumins in experimental animals was detected up to 148 days of animals’ life. A significantly high level of immunoglobulins was observed throughout the experiment in the tested animals. When comparing with the control group, that indicates a high resistance to diseases and a high immune status of pigs.

scholarly journals Effects of ascorbic acid and erythorbic acid on melanosis and quality in different shrimp species

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Bulent Toktas ◽  
Nalan Gokoglu
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Reducing Agents ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Quality Changes ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Shrimp Species ◽  
Sodium Metabisulphite ◽  
Aristaeomorpha Foliacea ◽  
Erythorbic Acid ◽  
First Time

With this study, ascorbic acid and erythorbic acid were used for the first time to prevent melanosis in shrimp. Three shrimp species (Aristaeomorpha foliacea, Plesionika edwardsi and Melicertus hathor) were used. It was determined that melanosis scores were higher in the control groups. Combination of ascorbic acid and erythorbic acid with metabisulphite was found to be more effective in inhibiting of melanosis than the application alone. No significant differences were found between the groups in terms of TVB-N values. The TMA-N value of the control group was significantly higher than those of application groups. Ascorbic acid, Erythorbic acid and their combinations with sodium metabisulphite were found effective on inhibition of melanosis and quality changes in three shrimp species.Keywords: reducing agents; ascorbic acid; erythorbic acid; melanosis; quality; shrimp 

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