scholarly journals Changes in dry weight and starch content in potato under the effect of herbicides and biostimulants  

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krystyna Zarzecka ◽  
Marek Gugała ◽  
Iwona Mystkowska ◽  
Anna Sikorska
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Control Object ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Starch Accumulation ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Ecklonia Maxima ◽  
Two Factors

The aim of the study was to determine the interaction of herbicides and herbicides with biostimulants on the accumulation of dry matter and starch in potato tubers. In a three-year field experiment based on the method of randomised sub-blocks, two factors were taken into account. The first factor were potato cultivars: Bartek, Gawin, Honorata. The second factor were five methods of herbicides and biostimulants application: (1) the control object without chemical protection (CO); (2) herbicide linuron + clomazone (Harrier 295 ZC) (H); (3) herbicide linuron + clomazone (Harrier 295 ZC) and biostimulant Ecklonia maxima (Kelpak SL) – (H + K); (4) herbicide metribuzin (Sencor 70 WG) – (S); (5) herbicide metribuzin (Sencor 70 WG) and biostimulant sodium para-nitrophenol, sodium ortho-nitrophenol, sodium 5-nitroguaiacol (Asahi SL) – (S + A). The cultivars and weather conditions significantly affected the content and yields of dry matter and starch. The herbicides and biostimulants used determined the starch accumulation as well as dry matter and starch yields. Most starch in tubers (more by 3.7 g/kg) and the highest dry matter and starch yields (more by 2.87 and 1.79 t/ha, respectively), compared to the control object, were obtained after the application of the herbicide Sencor 70 WG and biostimulant Asahi SL.  

scholarly journals Total and True Protein Content in Potato Tubers Depending on Herbicides and Biostimulants

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1106
Author(s):  
Krystyna Zarzecka ◽  
Marek Gugała ◽  
Iwona Mystkowska ◽  
Anna Sikorska
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Control Object ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Ecklonia Maxima ◽  
Split Plot ◽  
Genetic Features ◽  
True Protein

The aim of the study was to determine the effect of herbicides and herbicides used with biostimulants on the content of total and true protein in potato tubers. The three-year field experiment was carried out using the random two-way split-plot arrangement in three repetitions. The examined factors were: I—three cultivars of potato: Bartek, Gawin, Honorata; II—five method applications of herbicides and herbicides with biostimulants: 1. Control—mechanical weeding, 2. Harrier 295 ZC (linuron + clomazone), 3. Harrier 295 ZC + Kelpak SL (linuron + clomazone and extract from algae Ecklonia maxima), 4. Sencor 70 WG (metribuzin), 5. Sencor 70 WG + Asahi SL (metribuzin and sodium p-nitrophenolate, sodium o-nitrophenolate, sodium 5-nitroguolacolate). On the plots sprayed with herbicides and herbicides mixed with biostimulants, a significant increase in the content of total and true proteins and the share of true protein in total protein in relation to tubers harvested from the control object was found. Genetic features of cultivars determined the content of total and true protein in potato tubers. The highest total and true protein was accumulated by tubers of the Bartek cultivar, and the least by the Honorata cultivar.

scholarly journals Impact of ultrasounds on physicochemical characteristics of potato tubers

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-104
Author(s):  
BARBARA SAWICKA ◽  
PIOTR PSZCZÓŁKOWSKI ◽  
HONORATA DANILČENKO ◽  
ELVYRA JARIENE
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Control Object ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Potato Seed ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Seed Material ◽  
Alkaline Reaction ◽  
Textural Parameters ◽  
Order Factor

The goal of the study was to determine the effect of sonication of different potato seed material cultivars on physicochemical properties. Tuber samples from a field experiment conducted in Parczew (51°38'N, 22°54'E) in 2015–2017 were used for the study. The experiment was carried out by the method of randomized sub-blocks, in a split-plot dependent system. The first order factor were pre-planting treatments: 1) the use of ultrasounds, 2) control object without ultrasounds. The second order factor consisted of 10 potato cultivars of all earliness groups. Seed material was a subject to immerse sonication using an ultrasonic device. Following parameters were evaluated: dry matter of tubers, starch content, textural features, acidity (pH) of potato juice. Sonication contributed to the increase in dry matter and starch contents in tubers, the change in pH towards alkaline reaction, and textural parameters of raw and cooked tubers were increased.

DRY WEIGHT, SOLUBLE SUGAR CONTENT, AND STARCH CONTENT OF MAIZE KERNELS DURING THE EARLY POSTSILKING PERIOD

1978 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 199-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. TOLLENAAR ◽  
T. B. DAYNARD
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Soluble Sugar Content ◽  
Maize Kernels

Kernel development was studied in the maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids United-H106 and Funk’s G-4444, grown in a controlled-environment growth room. A method was employed in which husks were excised, and kernels were removed from the same set of ears at several subsequent sampling dates. This method did not affect the dry matter accumulation of the remaining kernels. Basal kernels (kernel numbers 6–15 in the row) and tip kernels (kernel numbers 31–40) were removed at 2-day intervals during the period from 10 to 20 days postsilking. Dry weight, ethanol-soluble sugar content, and starch content were determined for each sample. Accumulation of dry matter in the tip kernels ceased in a fraction of the United-H106 ears at the onset of the period of linear tip-kernel dry matter accumulation. Only small differences were observed in sugar content between growing and non-growing tip kernels of ears of United-H106. Starch appeared to continue to accumulate in kernels in which dry matter had ceased to accumulate. Except for a delay of approximately 2 days, the pattern of development of tip kernels in Funk’s G-4444 was similar to that of kernels at the base.

SELECTION OF MEDIUM EARLY AND MID-SEASON VARIETIES OF POTATOES FOR THE STEPPE ZONE OF SOUTHERN URALS

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 18-21
Author(s):  
Аминова ◽  
Evgeniya Aminova ◽  
Мушинский ◽  
Aleksandr Mushinskiy ◽  
Герасимова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Selection Of

The purpose of research is to identify the most adaptive and productive varieties of potatoes for the steppe zone of Southern Urals. The experience was laid by one-factor circuit in 3-fold repetition. The studies were conducted for middle- and middle-early varieties of potatoes domestic and foreign selection. Determined yield, marketability, starch and dry content in potato tubers. At 4 years of data were allocated potato varieties – Artemis (57.8 t/ha), Aerrow (52.0 t/ha) and Romano (49.5 t/ha). Distinguished highest yield of marketable products varieties: Artemis – 97.9%, Tarasov – 97.7%, and Aerrow Romano – 97.4%. The starch content in tubers was measurable by 10.2% (Ed Scarlett) to 16.0% (Kovalenko Memory), and the dry matter content in tubers ranged from 15.6% (Ed Scarlett) to 23.8% (Memory Kovalenko).

Effect of Light Intensity and Temperature on Photosynthetic Rate, Leaf Starch Content and Ultrastructure of Paspalum dilatatum

1975 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 185 ◽  
Author(s):  
BJ Forde ◽  
HCM Whitehead ◽  
JA Rowley
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Photosynthetic Rate ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Starch Accumulation ◽  
Paspalum Dilatatum ◽  
Minor Variation ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Light Intensities

;Paspalum dilatatum plants were grown in growth cabinets under two light intensities (224 and 90 W m-2) at day/night temperatures of 27.5/20.0, 20.0/12.5, 17.5/12.5 and 15.0/10.0°C. Additional plants were grown in the glasshouse and outside. Relative growth rate was closely correlated with the mean hourly photosynthetic rate of the plant during the day. Starch varied from 0.8 to 5.3 % of the leaf dry weight at the end of the night and from 3.0 to 11.6% at the end of the day. Photosynthetic rate of cabinet-grown plants remained constant during the day as starch accumulated. The rate declined for plants from outside, although their leaf starch levels were no higher than those of cabinet-grown plants. No evidence was found of feedback repression of photosynthetic rate caused by assimilate accumulation. There was only minor variation in mesophyll chloroplast structure between plants grown at different light intensities at the same temperature. A decline in temperature below 20.0/12.5°C increased swelling of mesophyll chloroplasts, as well as reducing development of the peripheral reticulum. The structure of bundle sheath chloroplasts was little affected by the environment apart from its effect on starch accumulation. While growth rate increased rapidly as temperature increased, there was much less effect of temperature on accumulation of starch during the day. It was concluded that photosynthesis and the accumulation of starch are less sensitive to temperature than is overall plant growth.

scholarly journals RESPONE OF FORAGES BY ADMINISTRATION OF FERMENTED GOAT URINE

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Nevy Diana
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Brachiaria Brizantha ◽  
Setaria Sphacelata ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium

Urine goat fermentented can be used as organic fertilizers element hara on the ground For the agricultural crops and forage. Theof this study todetermine dosage of fermented goat urine onnumber of tillers, plant heightproduction of fresh dry matter,content of Phosphor and potassium on different forages (Pennisetum purpureum schumach), (Setaria sphacelata)and (Brachiaria brizantha). Experimental design usedfactorial with two factors, the first factor wasdose of fermented goat urine (liters /ha) composed of P0 = 0/ha,P1 = 10/ha, P2 = 15/haand P3 = 20/ha and the second factor was forages composed of R1 Pennisetum purpureum schumach, R2 Setaria sphacelataand R3 Brachiaria brizanta. The results showed that dosage of fermented goat urine and species of forage and interaction had significant effect (P<0.05) on number of tillers, plant height, fresh and dry weight production, phosphorus and potassium of plant.Increasing dosage, dosage fermented goat urine.Increase plantheight, fresh weight, dry weight production while, growth of Pennisetum purpureum schumach was higher than Brachiaria brizantha and Setaria sphacelata. The optimum dosage fermented goat urine on Pennisetum purpureum schumach was 20 liters/ha while on Brachiaria brizantha and Setaria sphacelata was 15 liters/ha. It is concluded that usage increase growth of forages and the best combination show on Pennisetum purpureum schumach with dosage at 20 liters /ha.Keywords: Forages, Urine goat fermented,  productivity.

scholarly journals CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM IN TOBACCO CULTIVARS DURING SHIFTS IN GROWTH TEMPERATURE

HortScience ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 735B-735
Author(s):  
Kenneth L. Steffen ◽  
John L. Sims ◽  
Lowell P. Bush
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Growth Temperature ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Temperature Shift ◽  
Starch Accumulation ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Soluble Protein Content ◽  
Dramatic Decline ◽  
Tobacco Seedlings

This study examined the effect of shifts in growth temperature on: 1) the partitioning of carbohydrate into starch or sucrose; and 2) the differential responses of tobacco types which differ in starch accumulation capacities. Six-week-old tobacco seedlings of Speight G28 (G28), a fluecured cultivar, and Ky 14 (K14), a burley cultivar, were acclimated for 9 days in growth chambers to a 14 h photoperiod of 300 μmol/s-m2 PAR at 27/22 C (day/night) and a relative humidity of between 70-80%. Temperature was then shifted to 15/10 C for 13 days and then back to 27/22 C for 8 days. At all points, sucrose, starch and protein content was higher in G28. Both cultivars demonstrated significant increases in dry matter accumulation per area, 1 day after the shift to 15/10 C. Dry matter increased steadily through day 13 in G28, but increased to day 5 and then leveled off at day 13 in K14. Nearly identical patterns of sucrose accumulation were observed in both species, with marked increases to day 5 and then a dramatic decline at day 13. Starch content increased steadily from day 1 to day 13 in G28, but leveled off in K14 after day 5. At day 8, soluble protein content increased only slightly in K14, but increased nearly 2-fold in G28. Within 1 day of the return to 27/22 C, starch and sucrose levels in both cultivars dropped 2 to 5-fold, to pre-temperature shift levels. The significance of these finding will be discussed.

scholarly journals Carbohydrate and Nutritional Responses to Stem Girdling and Drought Stress with Respect to Understanding Symptoms of Huanglongbing in Citrus

HortScience ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (7) ◽  
pp. 920-928 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Cimò ◽  
Riccardo Lo Bianco ◽  
Pedro Gonzalez ◽  
Wije Bandaranayake ◽  
Edgardo Etxeberria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Starch Accumulation ◽  
Bacterial Disease ◽  
Nutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Leaf Transpiration ◽  
Citrus Production ◽  
Root Starch ◽  
Stem Girdling

The most important worldwide problem in citrus production is the bacterial disease Huanglongbing (HLB; citrus greening) caused by a phloem-limited bacterium Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus. The earliest visible symptoms of HLB on leaves are vein yellowing and an asymmetrical chlorosis referred to as “blotchy mottle,” thought to be the result of starch accumulation. We tested the hypothesis that such visible symptoms are not unique to HLB by stem girdling 2-year-old seedlings of two citrus rootstocks with and without drought stress in the greenhouse. After 31 days, girdling had little effect on shoot growth but girdling increased the relative growth rate of shoots in drought-stressed trees. Starch content in woody roots of non-girdled trees was three to 19 times higher than in girdled trees. In non-girdled trees, drought stress induced some starch accumulation in roots, but there were no effects of drought stress on root starch or sucrose in girdled trees. Girdling induced a 4-fold greater starch content in leaves on well-watered trees but leaf sucrose content was unaffected. Girdling reduced leaf transpiration in well-watered trees but net assimilation of CO2 was unaffected by girdling or leaf starch accumulation. Leaves on girdled trees clearly had visible blotchy mottle symptoms but no symptoms developed on non-girdled trees. The increase in leaf starch, up to 50% dry weight (DW), resulted in an increase in leaf DW per leaf area (LA) and an artificial reduction of many leaf nutrients on a DW basis. Most of these differences disappeared when expressed on a LA basis. Leaf boron (B), however, was inversely related to leaf starch when both were expressed on a LA basis. In the absence of HLB, girdling increased leaf starch, decreased root starch, and duplicated the asymmetric blotchy mottled visual leaf symptoms that have been associated with HLB-infected trees. This supports our contention that such symptoms generally attributed to HLB are not uniquely related to HLB infection, but rather are directly related to starch accumulation and secondarily to nutrient deficiencies in leaves.

scholarly journals The influence of herbicides and their mixtures on total proteins content and on proper proteins in potato tubers

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 517-522
Author(s):  
K. Zarzecka ◽  
M. Gugała
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Control Object ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Total Protein Content ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Total Proteins ◽  
Chemical Agents

Field experiments were carried out at the Agricultural Experimental Nuisance Station of University of Podlasie in Siedlce in the years 1999&ndash;2001. The influence of herbicides and their mixtures on total proteins content and on proper proteins in eatable potato tubers were analysed. The weeding chemical agents (pesticides) used in the potato treatment increased the total protein content by 0.09&ndash;0.18% and proper proteins content by 0.15&ndash;0.34% in the tubers in contrast with the ones of the control object. The statistical analysis also revealed the importance of the cultivar and weather conditions during the experimental years.

SUGARS AND EATING QUALITY OF RUTABAGAS

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
MICHIO SUZUKI ◽  
J. A. CUTCLIFFE
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Sugar Concentration ◽  
Eating Quality ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
High Quality ◽  
High Level

Rutabagas (Brassica napobrassica Mill.) harvested in October and November contained a high level of sugars, more than 51% of dry matter. Roots harvested in September contained less sugars than those harvested later. Sugar concentration increased as much as 10% of dry weight during storage. Rutabagas harvested when the sugar concentration of dry weight reached the maximum level were of good eating quality. The optimum harvest time to obtain high quality rutabagas varied from year to year depending on weather conditions.

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