A Corpus-based Study of Grammaticalization of the Highest Degree Adverb “Ji”

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 2331
Author(s):  
Mei Tao ◽  
Weiguo Si
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Characters ◽  
Theoretical Assumption ◽  
Specific Process ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Dominant Motivation ◽  
Theoretical Hypothesis ◽  
Three Stages

Researches on the grammaticalization of Chinese characters “Ji” mainly focus on motivation, but it does not involve the specific process. Traugott, an expert on grammaticalization, has put forward a theoretical hypothesis about the direction of grammaticalization. Based on this hypothesis and the Chinese corpus, this paper studies the process and motivation of grammaticalization of Chinese characters “Ji” from the diachronic perspective. It is found that the grammaticalization process of “Ji” has three stages: ideational function stage, textual function stage and interpersonal function stage, but it is against the theoretical assumption put forward by Traugott. Meanwhile, subjectification runs through the whole process of grammaticalization. Generalization, metaphor, re-analysis and analogy are only the dominant motivation in a particular stage of its grammaticalization process.

Study on Critical Moisture Content of Unsaturated Evaporation

2014 ◽  
Vol 513-517 ◽  
pp. 2643-2646
Author(s):  
Hua Zhang ◽  
Wen Long Hu ◽  
Jin Lu Cao
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Evaporation Process ◽  
Critical Moisture Content ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Critical Moisture ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Soil Water Characteristic Curves ◽  
Water Contents

Thin layer evaporation tests of three types of soil were conducted by a newly designed humidity-controllable evaporation and penetration measuring system and lasted for 8 days. The whole process of sample mass variation from wet to dry was recorded in the laboratory. The critical moisture content and air-dried moisture content were obtained from evaporation curve, which divided the evaporation process of thin layer unsaturated soil into three stages, including stable rate stage, reducing rate stage and residual stage. The soil water characteristic curves of soils were predicted by Arya and Paris model, the results showed that the critical moisture contents of evaporation process were the same with the water contents corresponding to residue values of SWCC, it is significant to studying on unsaturated evaporation process.

scholarly journals Kansei approach for the design of functional products for the elderly

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Kuo-Hsiang CHEN ◽  
Ching-Chien LIANG ◽  
Ya-Hsueh LEE
Keyword(s):  
The Elderly ◽  
Kansei Engineering ◽  
User Research ◽  
High Involvement ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Early Results ◽  
Household Item ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Product Search ◽  
Product Sales

Based on the theory of Kansei engineering, this study adopts the methods and steps of user research and divides the whole process into three stages: (1) survey and categorization of functional household items for the elderly; (2) interview with the high-involvement elderly regarding their affective preference; (3) questionnaire survey and statistical analysis of the representative functional household item for the elderly. Early results showed that (1) in terms of product search ratio, mobility assisting and communication products have the highest proportion; (2) in terms of product sales ratio, mobility assisting products reaches 25% and footwear products are the highest among them; (3) interviews with high-involvement elderly show that footwear with 40.8% is the highest demand among functional household items. Therefore, footwear products will be used as example to conduct subsequent study on Kansei preference and affective design for the elderly.

Developing and conducting classes using video tutorials

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-143
Author(s):  
А. Satybaldiyeva ◽  
◽  
С. Raimbayeva ◽  
А. Abzhapparova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distance Learning ◽  
Video File ◽  
Video Tutorial ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Video Tutorials ◽  
New Material ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Video Lesson

This article discusses the issues of developing and conducting lessons using the method of video lessons. The stages of organizing video lessons during the distance learning are provided.The article discusses the video lesson itself in different ways, for example, the following three types of lessons can be distinguished:a lesson on the introduction (explanation) of new material; lessons on consolidation of knowledge, skills and abilities are provided; summarizes knowledge, skills and abilities and ends with a control lesson.Topical issues are addressed in order to create short videos on each topic so that students can review the material on their own and not wait for the teacher’s answer. There are several programs for creating video lessons. They are: Сamtasia Studio, Macromedia Flash, Screen2exe, Jing, Werbineria, Wink.It is shown that the whole process can be divided into three stages: write a video tutorial on Camtasia Recorder, editing (post-editing) is provided in the Camtasia Studio editor,the video file is encoded.

scholarly journals The Evolution of Intumescent Char in Flame-Retardant Coatings Based on Amino Resin

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 709
Author(s):  
Wei Song ◽  
Muting Wu ◽  
Yanrong He ◽  
Yuzhang Wu ◽  
Wei Qu
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Urea Formaldehyde ◽  
Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Amino Resin ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Flame Retardant Properties ◽  
Modified Urea

Intumescent flame-retardant (IFR) coatings have been gaining more attention. The behaviors of intumescent char in IFR coatings play the most important role in its flame-retardant properties. However, the evolution of intumescent char throughout the whole process of protection is still unclear. In this study, both the formation and shrinkage of char were studied. The formulation of IFR includes melamine modified urea-formaldehyde resin (MUF), ammonium polyphosphate (APP) and pentaerythritol (PER). The flame-retardant properties of the coating were measured by the cone calorimeter (CONE). The evolution of the volume and the pore size distribution of char were monitored. The morphological and chemical structures were characterized by the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results show that the evolution of intumescent char could be divided into three stages. More than 50% shrinkage of char occurs in the second stage. There are obvious transformations of the morphological and chemical structures of char between the different stages.

Dynamics Model of Vehicle in Two-Dimensional Collision

2012 ◽  
Vol 446-449 ◽  
pp. 2646-2649
Author(s):  
Yu Long Pei ◽  
Lian Zhen Wang ◽  
Chuan Yun Fu
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Recovery ◽  
Momentum Conservation ◽  
Newtonian Mechanics ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Dynamics Model ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Vehicle Collision ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Direct Collision ◽  
Three Stages

The progress of vehicle collision can be broken into three stages: pre-collision, collision and post-collision. Although the direct collision lasts very little time, it is one of the most important stages of the whole process. On the basis of Momentum Conservation, Energy Conservation and improved Coefficient of Elastic Recovery, using Newtonian Mechanics, the paper constructs dynamics model for vehicles’ two-dimensional collisions, which can be used to calculate the velocities at the moments of before and after the collision. The paper uses the Software of PC-Crash as a comparative study, the results of which show that the proposed models are suitable for the analysis of collisions involving only two cars without second collision.

Design of objective lens for 200-kV high-resolution electron microscopes

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 314-315
Author(s):  
K. Tsuno ◽  
T. Honda ◽  
Y. Harada ◽  
M. Naruse
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Computer Technology ◽  
Axial Magnetic Field ◽  
Chromatic Aberration ◽  
Objective Lens ◽  
Resolution Electron ◽  
Correction Of Astigmatism ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Electron Microscopes ◽  
Stage 1

Developement of computer technology provides much improvements on electron microscopy, such as simulation of images, reconstruction of images and automatic controll of microscopes (auto-focussing and auto-correction of astigmatism) and design of electron microscope lenses by using a finite element method (FEM). In this investigation, procedures for simulating the optical properties of objective lenses of HREM and the characteristics of the new lens for HREM at 200 kV are described.The process for designing the objective lens is divided into three stages. Stage 1 is the process for estimating the optical properties of the lens. Firstly, calculation by FEM is made for simulating the axial magnetic field distributions Bzc of the lens. Secondly, electron ray trajectory is numerically calculated by using Bzc. And lastly, using Bzc and ray trajectory, spherical and chromatic aberration coefficients Cs and Cc are numerically calculated. Above calculations are repeated by changing the shape of lens until! to find an optimum aberration coefficients.

Formation of Dislocation Channels in Neutron Irradiated Molybdenum

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 672-673
Author(s):  
S. Mahajan
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Channel Formation ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Polycrystalline Molybdenum

The evolution of dislocation channels in irradiated metals during deformation can be envisaged to occur in three stages: (i) formation of embryonic cluster free regions, (ii) growth of these regions into microscopically observable channels and (iii) termination of their growth due to the accumulation of dislocation damage. The first two stages are particularly intriguing, and we have attempted to follow the early stages of channel formation in polycrystalline molybdenum, irradiated to 5×1019 n. cm−2 (E > 1 Mev) at the reactor ambient temperature (∼ 60°C), using transmission electron microscopy. The irradiated samples were strained, at room temperature, up to the macroscopic yield point.Figure 1 illustrates the early stages of channel formation. The observations suggest that the cluster free regions, such as A, B and C, form in isolated packets, which could subsequently link-up to evolve a channel.

Suicide Attempts During Adolescence: Systematic Hospitalization and Crisis Treatment

Crisis ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jérôme Ottino
Keyword(s):  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Psychiatric Treatment ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Inpatient Unit ◽  
Theoretical Hypothesis ◽  
Initial Resistance ◽  
Provision Of Care ◽  
Suicidal Crisis

This paper deals with an inpatient unit that recently opened in Geneva, specializing in the treatment of patients aged 16-21 years who had attempted suicide or felt the desire to commit suicide. This particular center was established because of the significant weaknesses found in the provision of care to adolescents who had attempted suicide. Despite the growing interest of health workers in this area of study over recent years, the frequency of suicide among the young has not decreased and there are numerous recurrences of the suicide attempts. Further, all efforts to improve the adolescents' compliance with psychiatric treatment have failed to date. The number of drop-outs from treatment is still very high. Thus, the objectives of our inpatient unit are as follows: (1) to overcome initial resistance to treatment and to improve long-term compliance; (2) to decrease the number of recurrent attempts as a consequence of the above, thus increasing life expectancy; (3) to offer the adolescents who have tried (or have contemplated) committing suicide an improved quality of life, after first helping them overcome the suicidal crisis. To achieve these goals, the therapeutic team of the unit proposes short stays during which the work with the adolescents consists of a very intensive psychoanalytic-oriented crisis intervention. Numerous practical aspects of our therapeutic approach in the inpatient unit are related here in detail, always with reference to our theoretical hypothesis.

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