scholarly journals The Untapped Utilization of Domestic Production Capacity of Waste-Derived Fuels

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-14
Author(s):  
Ryszard Wasilewski ◽  
◽  
Martyna Nowak ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Production Capacity ◽  
Domestic Production

scholarly journals Nigeria’s Self-Sufficiency in Rice and Wheat: An Evaluation of Growth Enhancement Support Scheme (GESS) and Anchor Borrower Program (ABP)

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Iliyasu ◽  
Saifullahi Lawal
Keyword(s):  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Growth Enhancement ◽  
Moderate Increase ◽  
Domestic Production ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Single Factor Analysis ◽  
Policies And Programs

This paper revisit one of Nigeria’s paradox: net food importer (especially in rice and wheat) accompanied by huge import bill running into billions of Naira despite huge agricultural potentials of 82 million hectares of arable land, conducive agro-ecology system for varieties of crops and dynamics smallholder farmers; Growth Enhancement Support Scheme (GESS, 2011) and Anchor Barrower Programs (ABP,2015) are among various initiatives aimed at boosting domestic production capacity particularly of rice and wheat; reduced importation and import bills and consequently conserve scarce foreign exchange. Base on before-and-after approach of evaluating policies and programs, a regression approach to single factor Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to determine whether significant mean difference exist on area harvested, domestic production and import of rice and wheat in Nigeria before (1988-2009) and after (2010-2019) the implementation of the two programs. The findings indicate a significant and moderate increase in Nigeria’s capacity to produce more rice and wheat respectively; and the programs have not drastically reduced rice and wheat importation in Nigeria. The paper recommends expansion and sustainability of the programs with emphasis on wheat, quality output and competitive price, if Nigeria is serious about achieving self-sufficiency in rice and wheat.

China's demand for natural gas: drivers and prospects

2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 645
Author(s):  
Jin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Potential Growth ◽  
Domestic Production ◽  
Rapid Economic Growth ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Gas Consumption

Sustained economic growth in China has triggered a surge of energy and mineral consumption and imports, including natural gas. This study presents recent trends in China’s demand for natural gas in a global context and discusses its drivers and prospects. In the past decade, drivers of China’s demand for natural gas are mainly associated with its rapid economic growth, path of industrialisation and urbanisation. With more than 1.3 billion people and a rapidly rising income level, China’s demand for energy has surged. It is increasingly difficult for domestic production capacity to supply all of this demand, especially when China’s limited domestic reserves are considered. The prospect of potential growth in natural gas consumption and imports is expected not only due to China’s economic growth, but also a policy imperative (e.g. the 12th Five Year Plan) to increase the share of clean energy sources such as gas and efficient fuels in the energy supply mix, as well as improving energy intensity and other factors that will influence energy sector outcomes. It also establishes that LNG, in addition to pipeline supplied gas, is likely to be an important source of energy in China in the coming decade; therefore, due to rebalancing its energy mix and increasing the share of non-coal energy sources in China’s energy market, it is anticipated that China will be more dependent on overseas supply of natural gas to fill the gap between domestic production and consumption.

scholarly journals Biocontrol – providing prospects for sustainable development of domestic agriculture

2020 ◽  
pp. 192-200
Author(s):  
V. I. Krutyakova
Keyword(s):  
Pest Control ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Biological Pest Control ◽  
Domestic Production ◽  
Biological Products ◽  
The World

Annotation Purpose. To study the dynamics of processes and the current state of the use of biological plant protection products in the world and to develop strategic approaches to the development of domestic production of biological products and the scientific basis for ensuring the ecologization of agriculture in Ukraine. Methods. Analytical, economic and statistical, comparative analysis, graphical, cartographic. Results. Against the background of significant growth in the production and use of biological agents in plant protection in the EU and the world, Ukraine continues to decline in the use of biosafe methods of protection. Thus, if in 1995 the protection of crops by biocontol was carried out on 3023 thousand hectares, which was 15.2% of all areas where the protection of crops was carried out, then in the future the area of application of biocontrol decreased and, for example, in 2018 amounted to 1967 thousand hectares (4.0% of all areas). With the growth of the range of microbiological means of protection, which are included in the “List of pesticides and agrochemicals in Ukraine”, sharply reduced production capacity for the production of biological products: in 2019 in Ukraine there were 24 biofactories and biolaboratories, and their total number of more 45, while before 1990 there were 268 biofactories and biolaboratories in Ukraine. Conclusions 1. It has been established that in Ukraine, the use of environmentally friendly biological plant protection products for a long time is at an extremely low level and tends to further decrease. 2. In order to intensify the transition to ecologically safe methods of plant protection, the development of domestic production of biological products for plant protection, as well as the process of greening the agriculture, strategic approaches to the formation and development of a common environmental safety system, plant protection methods and the development of a network of enterprises for the production of biological processing of agricultural crops are proposed on a new technological and organizational basis. Keywords: plant protection, biological pest control agents, biological pest control (biocontrol), integrated pest management, ecological agriculture, organic farming.

Main problems of import subsumption in domestic engineering, applicable to small-power electric generator installations

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Shelgunov
Keyword(s):  
Low Power ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Power Generator ◽  
Small Power ◽  
Domestic Production ◽  
Power Generators ◽  
Electric Generator ◽  
Generating Sets ◽  
Current State ◽  
Generator Sets

Subject: the subject of the study are low-power generator sets with a power of up to 30 kW.Materials and methods: in this paper, the main domestic legislative documents regulating the requirements for products. An assessment is made of the current state of Russian engine building.Results: the detailed analysis of the modern domestic market of power generating units with a capacity of up to 30 kW is made, the main problems in the field of domestic production of  electric power generators in the range up to 30 kW are revealed, and the prospects for import substitution of gasoline and diesel engines are noted.Conclusions: almost complete absence of the market of domestic low-power generating sets is established, insufficient measures taken to support domestic producers are noted, measures are  proposed for the development of domestic production of power units in the range of up to 30 kW.

Production capacity of Russian industry: Potential of import Substitution and economic Growth

2015 ◽  
pp. 5-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Zamaraev ◽  
T. Marshova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Current Level ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Industrial Growth ◽  
Russian Industry ◽  
Technological Modernization ◽  
Capacity Structure ◽  
Idle Capacity

The article examines the state of production capacity of Russian industry. It is shown that in spite of certain positive shifts, the rate of technological modernization in recent years has been insufficient for marked progressive changes in the capacity structure and quality. In contrast to the industrial growth after the crisis of 1998 that took place in the presence of significant reserves of capacity, the current level of idle capacity is much lower. The lack of mass input of modern and high-tech industries objectively limits the possibilities of import substitution and economic growth.

Mineral/microfibrillated cellulose composite materials: High performance products, applications, and product forms

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (09) ◽  
pp. 507-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Skuse ◽  
Mark Windebank ◽  
Tafadzwa Motsi ◽  
Guillaume Tellier
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Aqueous Suspension ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Wet Strength ◽  
Product Forms ◽  
Cellulose Composite

When pulp and minerals are co-processed in aqueous suspension, the mineral acts as a grinding aid, facilitating the cost-effective production of fibrils. Furthermore, this processing allows the utilization of robust industrial milling equipment. There are 40000 dry metric tons of mineral/microfbrillated (MFC) cellulose composite production capacity in operation across three continents. These mineral/MFC products have been cleared by the FDA for use as a dry and wet strength agent in coated and uncoated food contact paper and paperboard applications. We have previously reported that use of these mineral/MFC composite materials in fiber-based applications allows generally improved wet and dry mechanical properties with concomitant opportunities for cost savings, property improvements, or grade developments and that the materials can be prepared using a range of fibers and minerals. Here, we: (1) report the development of new products that offer improved performance, (2) compare the performance of these new materials with that of a range of other nanocellulosic material types, (3) illustrate the performance of these new materials in reinforcement (paper and board) and viscosification applications, and (4) discuss product form requirements for different applications.

Multiple recycling of paperboard: Paperboard characteristics and maximum number of recycling cycles— Part I: Multiple recycling of corrugated base paper

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 631-638
Author(s):  
FREDERIC KREPLIN ◽  
HANS-JOACHIM PUTZ ◽  
SAMUEL SCHABEL
Keyword(s):  
Compression Test ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Paper Properties ◽  
Corrugated Board ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Base Paper ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Short Span ◽  
Multiple Recycling

Paper for recycling is an important fiber source for the production of corrugated base paper. The change in production capacity toward more and more packaging papers affects the composition of paper for recycling and influences the paper quality. This research project investigated the influence of the multiple recycling of five different corrugated base papers (kraftliner, neutral sulfite semichemical [NSSC] fluting, corrugating medium, testliner 2, and testliner 3) on suspension and strength properties under laboratory conditions. The corrugated board base papers were repulped in a low consistency pulper and processed into Rapid-Köthen laboratory sheets. The sheets were then recycled up to 15 times in the same process. In each cycle, the suspension and the paper properties were recorded. In particular, the focus was on corrugated board-specific parameters, such as short-span compression test, ring crush test, corrugating medium test, and burst. The study results indicate how multiple recycling under laboratory conditions affects fiber and paper properties.

Breeding and usage of sugar beet cultivars and hybrids resistant to sugar beet nematode Heterodera schachtii

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Pylypenko ◽  
K. Kalatur
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Nematode Resistance ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Heterodera Schachtii ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Agricultural Practice ◽  
Germplasm Exchange ◽  
Good Agricultural Practice

Heterodera schachtii Schmidt, 1871 is one of the most economically important pests of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) worldwide. It is also widespread in most sugar beet growing regions in Ukraine causing serious yield reduction and decreasing sugar content of sugar beet in infested fi elds. An advanced parasitic strategy of H. schachtii is employed to support nematode growth, reproduction and harmfulness. In intensive agriculture systems the nematode control measures heavily rely on nematicides and good agricultural practice (crop rota- tion in the fi rst place). But alternative strategies based on nematode resistant sugar beet cultivars and hybrids are required as none of nematicides approved for the open fi eld application are registered in Ukraine. Here we review the achievements and problems of breeding process for H. schachtii resistance and provide the results of national traditional breeding program. Since the beginning of 1980s fi ve sugar beet cultivars (Verchnyatskyi 103, Yaltuschkivska 30, Bilotcerkivska 45, BTs-40 and Yuvileynyi) and seventeen lines partly resistant or toler- ant to H. schachtii have been obtained throughout targeted crossing and progenies assessment in the infested fi elds. The further directions for better utilization of genetic sources for nematode resistance presented in na- tional gene bank collection are emphasized. There is a need for more accurate identifi cation of resistance genes, broader application of reliable molecular markers (suitable for marker-assisted selection of nematode resistant plants in the breeding process) and methods for genetic transformation of plants. Crop cash value and national production capacity should drive the cooperation in this fi eld. Knowledge as well as germplasm exchange are thereby welcomed that can benefi t breeding progress at national and international level.

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