scholarly journals PROFESSIONAL-EDUCATIONAL LEVEL AS THE CRITERIA OF THE MIDDLE-CLASS PARTICIPATION IN THE CAPITAL REGION OF UKRAINE: SOCIAL-GEOGRAPHICAL INVESTIGATION

2018 ◽  
pp. 5-9
Author(s):  
Y. Oliinyk ◽  
Y. Pereguda
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Public Perception ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
The Public ◽  
Determining Factors ◽  
Us Dollar

The article reveals the identification problems of the middle class in Ukraine, on the example of the capital’s macro-district. It shows that scientific approaches applied in foreign scientific schools cannot be used in Ukrainian conditions because of a number of reasons. In particular, the low level of income in the country as a whole caused a decline in the acceptable level of income. That is, the sense of the term “middle class” in Ukrainian conditions has a completely different context. On the other hand, the Ukrainian national currency has a larger purchasing power, than us dollar has, for example. Therefore, one cannot directly compare the incomes of Ukrainian citizens and the incomes of residents of economically developed countries. In addition, due to the specific nature of the methodological base of Ukrainian state statistics, the state does not collect data on the middle class. Consequently, the identification of the middle class in Ukrainian conditions is an important practical and scientific problem. One of the approaches that make it possible to circumvent these contradictions is the subjective method, that is, the carrying out of sociological research. The authors of the article present the data of such an investigation, which was made within the frontiers of the Metropolitan macro-district. As a result, the authors found the vocational and educational level is one of the determining factors, which in the public perception should be attributed to the middle class. Because of the survey, it was established that property criteria, after all, are decisive in identifying the middle class. At the same time, the level of education and profession is important as the level of income. This allows us to conclude that public opinion in Ukraine identifies the middle class not only as a group of people with a certain level of income but also as a community with high levels of education and self-awareness. For the capital’s macro-district of Ukraine, its own characteristics of the middle class have few characteristics. Although the income level of the population in this macro-region is the highest, the criteria for identifying the middle class are also high. It is significant that the understanding of the middle class in Ukrainian society has its own specifics. For the Ukrainian class is not required the availability of their own housing or their own car. The level of well-being measured as a whole by the level of income that the household receives.

scholarly journals A balanced perspective on the importance of extensive ruminant production for human nutrition and livelihoods and its contribution to greenhouse gas emissions

2020 ◽  
Vol 116 (9/10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michiel M. Scholtz ◽  
Frederick W.C. Neser ◽  
Mahlako L. Makgahlela
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Development ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
The Public ◽  
Negative Environmental Impact

There is a general perception that ruminants produce large quantities of greenhouse gases which contribute to global warming. Sometimes percentages are quoted out of context. For example, the percentage quoted for developed countries indicates the greenhouse gas contribution from livestock is less than 6%, while that for developing countries is 40–50%. However, the reason for this relatively low contribution from developed countries is because of very high contributions from other sectors. Ruminant production also is in the spotlight as it is the world’s largest user of land and South Africa is no exception. Only ruminants can utilise areas of non-arable land where the vegetation is rich in fibre and convert this fibre into high-quality nutrients for human consumption. Foods from animal sources (including ruminants) are essential for the human diet, as they support early childhood and cognitive development. Many rural households depend on ruminants and these animals are central to the livelihoods and well-being of these communities. The negative effects of red meat on human health and the negative environmental impact of livestock production are overemphasised, while the higher bioavailability of nutrients from livestock source foods, which stimulates mental and cognitive development compared to vegetarian or grain based foods, is ignored. Here we estimate that livestock are responsible for only 4% of the world’s greenhouse gases through methane production. We also highlight that if the high fibre vegetation is not utilised by livestock, it will still produce greenhouse gases through burning or rotting, without any benefit to humans. Livestock source foods are important if global nutritional, educational and economic needs are to be met; and this message should be conveyed to the public.

scholarly journals Fiscal austerity and the health sector: the cost of adjustments

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (12) ◽  
pp. 4375-4384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romulo Paes-Sousa ◽  
Joyce Mendes de Andrade Schramm ◽  
Luiz Villarinho Pereira Mendes
Keyword(s):  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
The Public ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Fiscal Austerity ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Main Effects

Abstract Fiscal austerity policies have been used as responses to economic crises and fiscal deficits in both developed and developing countries. While they vary in regard to their content, intensity and implementation, such models recommend reducing public expenses and social investments, retracting the public service and substituting the private sector in lieu of the State to provide certain services tied to social policies. The present article discusses the main effects of the recent economic crisis on public health based on an updated review with consideration for three dimensions: health risks, epidemiological profiles of different populations, and health policies. In Brazil, the combination of economic crisis and fiscal austerity policies is capable of producing a direr situation than those experienced in developed countries. The country is characterized by historically high levels of social inequality, an under-financed health sector, highly prevalent chronic degenerative diseases and persisting preventable infectious diseases. It is imperative to develop alternatives to mitigate the effects of the economic crisis taking into consideration not only the sustainability of public finance but also public well-being.

scholarly journals Sustaining Healthcare: Bridging Education with Biomedical and Healthcare Challenges

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-223
Author(s):  
Paraskevi Papadopoulou ◽  
Christina Marouli ◽  
Anastasia Misseyanni
Keyword(s):  
Disease Burden ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Models Of Care ◽  
Patient Centered ◽  
The Public ◽  
Medical Centers ◽  
Keywords Education ◽  
Global Population

Major advances and breakthroughs in Medicine and Healthcare are transforming our world. How will we manage to tackle our disease burden to improve our day-to-day well-being especially if in developed countries the global population of people over 80 will more than triple by 2050 and in the less developed ones the youth profile will escalate?  Will Europeans as an example, find ways to balance budgets and restrain spending and come up with a sustainable survival strategy for Europe’s healthcare systems? This work addresses a number of challenging questions and offers “smart” solutions and a framework on how to develop and sustain new models of care and improve the public services profile with the vision to become globally leading healthcare institutions mainly in Europe and particularly in Greece. The nature of programs in biomedical and healthcare sciences, the kind of educators and healthcare professionals and how to technologically and practically support such programs is considered. How to connect Biomedical programs with Medical Centers and what kind of student internships can be developed is discussed. What it means to have patient-centered medical centers which abide by strict European and international guidelines and certifications and how to provide top quality medical services is also examined. Keywords: Education, Healthcare, Medicine, Biomedical Programs, Smart Solutions, Internships, International Certifications

scholarly journals ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ХАКАТОН-ЕКОСИСТЕМИ ДЛЯ ФОРСАЙТУ ЗАЙНЯТОСТІ МОЛОДІ: МАСШТАБИ, СТРУКТУРА ТА ФУНКЦІЇ

2022 ◽  
pp. 25-34
Author(s):  
Liudmyla M. Hanushchak-Yefimenko ◽  
Svitlana I. Arabuli ◽  
Rafał Rębilas
Keyword(s):  
Work Experience ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Professional Community ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Research Issues ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Secondary Employment

This article is an attempt to explore the opportunities of using the Hackathon ecosystem tools to perform a quality forecasting of a wide range of youth employment issues. It is observed that despite vast experience of psychological training in higher education institutions based on the transformation of self-awareness, shaping professional perceptions related to changes in professional knowledge of professional occupation as it is, its object, professional community, etc., modern University realia lack targeted management efforts towards developing job-related skills as well as comprehensive assessment of their changing trends in the process of professional enhancement of students’ self-consciousness. At best, specific good practice of individual specialists is used, often without its interpretation by teachers and psychologists and beyond the scope of systemic analysis of the research issues. All this challenges an impetus to further studies on developing professional self-awareness of future specialists and encourages active implementation of the Hackathon ecosystem tools to render a foresight on youth secondary employment and self-employment at the level of University as well as in a regional setting. To attain the research agenda, the study employed the following general and special research methods: a system analysis method, an analytical grouping technique, comparative analysis, and dynamic and graph series construction. To summarise the research outcomes and to prepare a proposal draft on the opportunities to use the Hackathon ecosystem for offering a foresight on youth secondary employment and self-employment, the methods of abstract logical analysis and content analysis were used. Kyiv National University of Technologies and Design was chosen as the basis for this study. A questionnaire was chosen as a method of sociological research on student secondary employment. As a research toolkit, two questionnaires were developed: for students and for graduates. The study suggests using the Hackathon ecosystem to perform a foresight on student secondary employment and self-employment as a model to promote professional socialization of Ukrainian youth. According to the research findings, it is argued that there are three trajectories of student secondary employment: spontaneously formed (a good high paying job offered by chance), planned (targeted search for secondary employment according to the study major to gain professional competencies and work experience) and forced (employment to improve or maintain financial and economic well-being, usually beyond the education profile). An emphasis is put that secondary employment for Ukrainian students is not only the way to gain work experience and an extra pay opportunity but also an instrument of student professionalization. It is concluded that the terms and nature of secondary employment affect the professionalization effectiveness where gaining work experience, building professional contacts and employment prospects after graduation are viewed as a benefit for a wider student youth involvement in secondary employment.

Public Perception of Nuclear Power Risk in China and Methods to Improve Public Acceptance

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Shen ◽  
Mingye Liu
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Public Perception ◽  
Influencing Factor ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Public Acceptance ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Risk ◽  
Perception Process

At present, the most influencing factor on nuclear power’s development in China the public’s attitude and acceptance. This paper studies the public perception of nuclear power risk in China, and provides several feasible methods to improve the quality and effectiveness of public perception level. Therefore, the public acceptance of nuclear power can be ameliorated greatly, which will help the development of nuclear power industry. For decades, the environment pollution has become one of the most serious and urgent problems in China. Since nuclear power has been proved to be a type of low-carbon and environment-friendly energy, striving to develop nuclear power is a good solution to China’s environment issues. However, by the end of 2015, China’s nuclear power’s electricity production share was only 3.03%, which was far below the average level of developed countries. This situation might be partly due to technical and economic reasons, but the essential cause of the restricted development of nuclear power in China is the public perception of nuclear power risk is far from objective and comprehensive, which leads to the public acceptance of nuclear power is not as high as expected. This paper states that public perception process of nuclear power risk is a dynamic, complex and closed system, which consists of the risk, the transformation of the risk and related information (both truth and rumors), the public perception process and public’s acceptance of the risk, and the public’s actions after receiving the information. The public’s actions often react on the risk perception. Nuclear power risk, unfortunately, is usually magnified, and it makes people become more frightened and oppose nuclear power more seriously. In order to solve those issues, in this paper, the public risk perception’s characteristics and external influencing factors are studied, a model describes the public perception process of nuclear power risk is developed and analyzed, and the causes of current acceptance level of nuclear power (which is relatively low) are explained. In addition, based on this model, methods to conduct effective risk communication and public education on nuclear power are provided, the future of nuclear power in China can be much better.

scholarly journals Steps to Development and Increase of Physical Movement and Health Literacy

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 66-71
Author(s):  
M. Rafajdus ◽  
M. Machajova
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Musculoskeletal Diseases ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Physical Movement ◽  
Global Epidemic ◽  
The Public ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Years Lived With Disability

According to the WHO, healthis a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being while maintaining the body's ability to adapt to changing environmental conditions. The definition is concise, but it is important to be aware of the es- sential facts that affect people of the 21st century. Is it possible to adapt to rapidly changing environmental conditions? Mus- culoskeletal conditions are considered a global epidemic as their incidence and severity increase worldwide. Consideration should be given to the fact that musculoskeletal conditions, such as back pain (diagnosis of M54: dorsalgia), are beginning to be epidemiological in developed countries. According to the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, the most common causes of years lived with disability (YLDs) in the Slovak Republic from 2005 to 2015 were non-communicable diseases. In 1st place were musculoskeletal deformities; 2nd place men- tal disorders and addictions; 3rd place other unspecified non- infectious diseases (Source: GBD, 2015). It is important to tackle this issue not only because of its permanent growth but especially for the frequent complications that cause higher morbidity. Various postural deformities caused by poor posture, which affect the relationships between internal organs and the musculoskeletal system/viscero-vertebral relationships but also vice versa. The prevalence of musculoskeletal diseases has an increasing trend in Slovakia, and therefore it is important to look for a way to raise awareness of the possibilities of these diseases’ prevention. It is essential to revise outdated plans for physical development and adapt them to today's people. After all, the movement literacy of our children has a significantly declining tendency. Such intervention gives meaning to the public health; there should be a focus on the primary support of the health of the population where one of the possibilities may be the spiral mobilization method SM system. This method is intended for a person living in current times, who sits to a large extent and performs movements that are monot- onously loading the muscles. The SM system is a simple and effective exercise that on the principle of spiral muscle chains pulls the spine upwards and stabilizes the balance of the spine. When performed in an optimal way, they relax overloaded parts of the spine; reduce muscle imbalance; contribute to over- all health. The priority for proper physical movement should be a desire for a healthy body without pain and disease. The path to health leads through cognition and education because the most important result of any education is self-knowledge.

Welfare State Values and Public Service Media in the Era of Datafication

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaarina Nikunen ◽  
Jenni Hokka
Keyword(s):  
Public Service ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Welfare States ◽  
Social Solidarity ◽  
Media Environment ◽  
The Public ◽  
Media Companies ◽  
Data Practices ◽  
Public Media ◽  
New Public

Welfare states have historically been built on values of egalitarianism and universalism and through high taxation that provides free education, health care, and social security for all. Ideally, this encourages participation of all citizens and formation of inclusive public sphere. In this welfare model, the public service media are also considered some of the main institutions that serve the well-being of an entire society. That is, independent, publicly funded media companies are perceived to enhance equality, citizenship, and social solidarity by providing information and programming that is driven by public rather than commercial interest. This article explores how the public service media and their values of universality, equality, diversity, and quality are affected by datafication and a platformed media environment. It argues that the embeddedness of public service media in a platformed media environment produces complex and contradictory dependencies between public service media and commercial platforms. The embeddedness has resulted in simultaneous processes of adapting to social media logics and datafication within public service media as well as in attempts to create alternative public media value-driven data practices and new public media spaces.

Public space of the trustworthiness of sociological knowledge: The case of electoral research

2020 ◽  
pp. 13-22
Author(s):  
OLEKSANDR STEGNII
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Election Campaign ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Good Tool ◽  
Sociological Knowledge ◽  
The Public ◽  
Approval Ratings ◽  
The Impact

The paper analyses specific features of sociological data circulation in a public space during an election campaign. The basic components of this kind of space with regard to sociological research are political actors (who put themselves up for the election), voters and agents. The latter refer to professional groups whose corporate interests are directly related to the impact on the election process. Sociologists can also be seen as agents of the electoral process when experts in the field of electoral sociology are becoming intermingled with manipulators without a proper professional background and publications in this field. In a public space where an electoral race is unfolding, empirical sociological research becomes the main form of obtaining sociological knowledge, and it is primarily conducted to measure approval ratings. Electoral research serves as an example of combining the theoretical and empirical components of sociological knowledge, as well as its professional and public dimensions. Provided that sociologists meet all the professional requirements, electoral research can be used as a good tool for evaluating the trustworthiness of results reflecting the people’s expression of will. Being producers of sociological knowledge, sociologists act in two different capacities during an election campaign: as analysts and as pollsters. Therefore, it is essential that the duties and areas of responsibility for professional sociologists should be separated from those of pollsters. Another thing that needs to be noted is the negative influence that political strategists exert on the trustworthiness of survey findings which are going to be released to the public. Using the case of approval ratings as an illustration, the author analyses the most common techniques aimed at misrepresenting and distorting sociological data in the public space. Particular attention is given to the markers that can detect bogus polling companies, systemic violations during the research process and data falsification.

PELAKSANAAN PROMOSI GUNA MENINGKATKAN VOLUME PENJUALAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wahyuni Sri Astutik
Keyword(s):  
Marketing Strategy ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
Sales Volume ◽  
Price Promotion ◽  
Product Strategy ◽  
The Public ◽  
Maximum Profit ◽  
Advertising Effort ◽  
Determining Factors ◽  
The Relationship

In the implementation of promotions in order to increase sales volume at the Pangkat - Kediri tile company, an analysis result of 6.00 was obtained which states that the relationship between promotion and sales volume is strong. Because promotion is one of the determining factors for the success of every company in producing to selling their products to consumers.Because the promotion includes many things starting from product strategy to product marketing / sales. However, companies certainly cannot only focus on promotional activities, because the four elements of marketing strategy (price, promotion, distribution and production) cannot be separated. So companies should be able to combine marketing strategies appropriately, so that the company is able to achieve the desired targets, namely achieving maximum profit. In order to introduce its company products to the public with advertising media is very important. Because with this advertising effort, society knows advantages that accompanied these products, so that the company's expectations for sales to increase will be even greater and its profits will also increase.Keywords:Promotion, sale, Marketing strategy and profit.

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