A Computer Column for All Seasons

1988 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-21
Author(s):  
Margaret Boone
Keyword(s):  
Developing Nations ◽  
The World ◽  
Software And Hardware

This is the first publication of a new column for Practicing Anthropology. We will try to introduce readers to new and useful software and hardware that practicing anthropologists have used; to computer projects headed by anthropologists around the country—and the world, because computers are finding their way to field sites and developing nations around the globe; and to instructional and occupational tips for anthropologists who want to teach others about computers and how to develop their careers in practicing anthropology by learning something about one of our newest tools.

A hitchhiker’s guide to microscopy and microanalysis using telecommunications, e-mail, and the Internet

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 390-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nestor J. Zaluzec
Keyword(s):  
The Internet ◽  
Information Superhighway ◽  
The World ◽  
Exchange Information ◽  
On Line ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Software And Hardware ◽  
Communication Software ◽  
Basic Ideas ◽  
E Mail

The Information SuperHighway, Email, The Internet, FTP, BBS, Modems, : all buzz words which are becoming more and more routine in our daily life. Confusing terminology? Hopefully it won't be in a few minutes, all you need is to have a handle on a few basic concepts and terms and you will be on-line with the rest of the "telecommunication experts". These terms all refer to some type or aspect of tools associated with a range of computer-based communication software and hardware. They are in fact far less complex than the instruments we use on a day to day basis as microscopist's and microanalyst's. The key is for each of us to know what each is and how to make use of the wealth of information which they can make available to us for the asking. Basically all of these items relate to mechanisms and protocols by which we as scientists can easily exchange information rapidly and efficiently to colleagues in the office down the hall, or half-way around the world using computers and various communications media. The purpose of this tutorial/paper is to outline and demonstrate the basic ideas of some of the major information systems available to all of us today. For the sake of simplicity we will break this presentation down into two distinct (but as we shall see later connected) areas: telecommunications over conventional phone lines, and telecommunications by computer networks. Live tutorial/demonstrations of both procedures will be presented in the Computer Workshop/Software Exchange during the course of the meeting.

Environmental Sustainability in Nigeria: The “Awareness” Imperative

2003 ◽  
Vol 32 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 41-52
Author(s):  
Foluke Ogunleye
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Awareness Campaigns ◽  
World Conservation ◽  
The World ◽  
Education And Awareness ◽  
Stockholm Conference ◽  
Nations Environment

The practice of treating the environment with disdain has gradually become unfashionable. Yet in many developing nations, Nigeria among them, environmental education and awareness campaigns remain something regarded as unnecessary. According to Berry (1993: 158):The term “sustainable development” has become a shibboleth of governments and industries, to present a respectful image to a society that is becoming even more strident in its concern for the environment. It is a concept that was projected onto the world by the Stockholm Conference of 1972, and has been carried ever since by the United Nations Environment Programs (UNEP), the World Conservation Union (IUCN), and the World Wildlife Fund for nature (WWF) in their world conservation strategy. It has the ring of truth and worldwide acceptance, but it is poorly understood by those who use it.

scholarly journals Sri Lanka and the Covid 19 Crisis: Strategies and Future Challenges

2020 ◽  
pp. 147-158
Author(s):  
Asantha Senevirathna
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Economic Impact ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Recent Past ◽  
Government Response ◽  
The World ◽  
Future Challenges

 COVID-19 pandemic has become a major crisis in 2020. The pandemic has claimed thousands of lives and is spreading a negative economic impact around the global economy. The pandemic has caused a devastating impact on human life in many of the countries without a clear distinction among developed or developing nations. Sri Lanka is facing the heat of the pandemic gradually since January and has taken various measures to combat the situation. The COVID-19 pandemic forwarded a greater challenge to Sri Lanka since the country has faced various disasters in the recent past and question marks remain about the government’s response. The Sri Lankan government response to the current COVID-19 crisis has been largely successful and is ranked among the best responsive countries in the world. This paper discusses Sri Lanka’s strategies in dealing with COVID-19 pandemic and possible future challenges related to the issue.

scholarly journals Social Modernization and the End of Ideology Debate: Patterns of Ideological Polarization

2006 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
RUSSELL J. DALTON
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
World Values Survey ◽  
New Wave ◽  
Industrial Democracies ◽  
Ideological Polarization ◽  
The World ◽  
Social Modernization ◽  
Over 40 Years ◽  
Western Democracies

Over 40 years ago, Daniel Bell made the provocative claim that ideological polarization was diminishing in Western democracies, but new ideologies were emerging and driving politics in developing nations. This article tests the End of Ideology thesis with a new wave of public opinion data from the World Values Survey (WVS) that covers over 70 nations representing more than 80 per cent of the world's population. We find that polarization along the Left/Right dimension is substantially greater in the less affluent and less democratic societies than in advanced industrial democracies. The correlates of Left/Right orientations also vary systematically across regions. The twin pillars of economic and religious cleavages remain important in European states; cultural values and nationalism provide stronger bases of ideology in Asia and the Middle East. As Bell suggested, social modernization does seem to transform the extent and bases of ideological polarization within contemporary societies.

Global Medical Tourism

2017 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Sukanya Banerjee ◽  
Siddhartha Sankar Nath ◽  
Nilanjan Dey ◽  
Hajime Eto
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Medical Treatment ◽  
Foreign Exchange ◽  
Medical Tourism ◽  
Service Industry ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Cost Benefits ◽  
The World ◽  
Developed Nations

Medical tourism is related to the travel of patients from one country to another in order to obtain medical treatment in that country. There are several countries worldwide promoting medical tourism and attracting patients. Most of the developing nations attract the patients because of cost benefits whereas the developed nations attract patients who require complex surgeries or any kind of advanced medical treatment. The main aim of this research paper is to focus on the development of medical tourism industry, worldwide. Medical Tourism industry throughout the world is growing at a fast rate. It has huge potential for generating employment and earning large amount of foreign exchange. This will help in the country's overall economic development. Medical tourism incorporates multi-dimensional activity but basically it is a service industry. Hence, medical tourism is a vital revenue earning source especially for the developing nations. Hence, it can be said that it is a win situation for both the patients as well as the destination countries.

Organic Farming

2016 ◽  
pp. 321-338
Author(s):  
Aditya Vikram Agrawal ◽  
Charu Sharma ◽  
Neha Joshi ◽  
Siddharth Jindal ◽  
V. Raghavendra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Farming ◽  
Green Revolution ◽  
World Market ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
Organic Wastes ◽  
Significant Growth ◽  
The World

India practised organic farming in early centuries but Green revolution lead to shift of farming to fertilizer based farming. So, in this chapter the focus is to elucidate the idea of organic farming and its growth over the years across the countries with focus on India. Organic farming is a type of farming method where the crops are sowed and raised by using organic wastes instead of the regular use of pesticides and insecticides. This method has been quickly accepted and adopted by most of the countries across the world with the number being 144 in the year 2010 with major percentage being practised in developing nations. Out of this, India has just about 0.03 percent of the total land under organic farming across the world. India has witnessed a significant growth in organic farming since the last few years, keeping in sync with the world market.

E-Governement, Democratic Governance and Integrative Prospects for Developing Countries

2011 ◽  
pp. 136-153
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Roy
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
First Century ◽  
Present System ◽  
Transnational Governance ◽  
Assistance Programs ◽  
Digital Era ◽  
Governance Systems ◽  
The World ◽  
Governance Architecture

The objectives of this chapter are threefold: first, to first provide a conceptual framework for understanding e-government as a set of four, interrelated dimensions of public sector change; secondly, to consider the relevance and applicability of this framework for both developed and developing nations; and thirdly, to explore the interface between domestic and transnational governance reforms in an increasingly digital era. The world in the twenty-first century needs a globally federated governance architecture, the design of which must include social, economic, political and technological considerations. This strengthened focus on transnational governance systems must also be joined by the recognition of the dysfunctional nature of the present system of bilateral international assistance programs among countries. With improved governance conditions of transparency and trust transnationally – facilitated in part by a much more politically creative and aggressive use of new technologies, the resources allocated by each country across their various recipients would serve both developing nations and the world as a whole if they were pooled and coordinated through new transnational mechanisms.

Population, Environment, and Women’s Issues

2002 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Family Planning ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Married Couples ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
World Population ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Fertility Rates ◽  
Religious Traditions ◽  
The World

Ultimately, the necessity to supply food, energy, habitat, infrastructure, and consumer goods for the ever-growing population is responsible for the demise of the environment. Remedial actions for pollution abatement, and further technological progress toward energy efficiency, development of new crops, and improvements in manufacturing processes may help to mitigate the severity of environmental deterioration. However, we can hardly hope for restoration of a clean environment, improvement in human health, and an end to poverty without arresting the continuous growth of the world population. According to the United Nations count, world population reached 6 billion in mid October 1999 (1). The rate of population growth and the fertility rates by continent, as well as in the United States and Canada, are presented in Table 14.1. It can be seen that the fastest population growth occurs in the poorest countries of the world. Despite the worldwide decrease in fertility rates between 1975–80 period and that of 1995–2000, the rate of population growth in most developing countries changed only slightly due to the demographic momentum, which means that because of the high fertility rates in the previous decades, the number of women of childbearing age had increased. Historically, the preference for large families in the developing nations was in part a result of either cultural or religious traditions. In some cases there were practical motivations, as children provided helping hands with farm chores and a security in old age. At present the situation is changing. A great majority of governments of the developing countries have recognized that no improvement of the living standard of their citizens will ever be possible without slowing the explosive population growth. By 1985, a total of 70 developing nations had either established national family planning programs, or provided support for such programs conducted by nongovernmental agencies; now only four of the world’s 170 countries limit access to family planning services. As result, 95% of the developing world population lives in countries supporting family planning. Consequently, the percentage of married couples using contraceptives increased from less than 10% in 1960 to 57% in 1997.

Financial Sector in Afghanistan

2016 ◽  
pp. 224-262
Author(s):  
Gunit Singh Marwah ◽  
Vishal Ladhani
Keyword(s):  
Financial Structure ◽  
Financial Sector ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
The World ◽  
Insight Into

In the following chapter, the authors have proposed to throw light on the scheme of financial sector prevalent in Afghanistan. The purpose of this chapter is to give the readers a brief insight on the financial background, policies and regulations in existence in Afghanistan. Adding upon, the authors have made an attempt to suggest a few recommendations to bring the Afghanistan's economy at par with the economy of other developing nations of the world. The authors received substantial amount of assistance from the top-managerial officials of Bakhtar Bank of Afghanistan and from a scholar named Abdul Samad Katawazy. The authors would like to thank AREU, AISA and ACCI for providing access to their published surveys and reports. This particular chapter as a whole focuses on ten basic factors which have the ability to make or break Afghanistan's financial structure and therefore aims to provide an insight into the same.

scholarly journals Research Insights and Knowledge Headways for Developing Remote, Off-Grid Microgrids in Developing Countries

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhi Chatterjee ◽  
Daniel Burmester ◽  
Alan Brent ◽  
Ramesh Rayudu
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Review Process ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
Rural Electrification ◽  
Value Proposition ◽  
Remote Communities ◽  
The World ◽  
Key Aspects

Recent reports from international energy agencies indicate that more than a billion of the population in the world is deprived of basic electricity provisions, confined mainly to the remote communities of developing nations. Microgrids are promoted as a potential technology for electricity provisions to off-grid rural communities, but have failed to reach their value proposition in the context of rural electrification access. In view of the rampant rural electrification issues, the objective of this paper is to furnish an understanding of, and advance the knowledge into, methods to facilitate the design and development of microgrid systems for remote communities in developing countries. The methodology involves an integrative review process of an annotated bibliography to summarise past empirical or theoretical literature. As such, this research is based on evaluation attributes, and identifies the challenges and barriers for remote microgrids through an analysis of 19 case studies. The paper concludes by proposing key aspects that need to be considered for developing a framework to improve the sustainability of electricity provisions for off-grid rural communities in developing countries.

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