scholarly journals COVID-19 and students' mental health: foreign studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-91
Author(s):  
T.V. Ermolova ◽  
A.V. Litvinov ◽  
N.V. Savitskaya ◽  
O.A. Krukovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Cumulative Effect ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Learning Capacity ◽  
The Face ◽  
Analytical Review ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Remote Care ◽  
Mental Well Being

This analytical review provides a broad outline of the historically significant process of consolidating the global scientific community in the face of the threat posed to the psyche of children and young people by the COVID-19 pandemic. The formation of vector data arrays, revealing aspects and prevalence of mental disorders of children, provoked by a pandemic, is shown. In the majority of students, the additional neuro-psychological load led to increased anxiety, depressive states, post-traumatic stress, decreased learning capacity. There are studies of the psyche of students in families in connection with the phenomenon of screen-time (time spent at the computer screen), the presence of comorbid disorders, narrowing of communication, closing schools. The importance of adequate parenthood for children's mental well-being, educational strategy for parents, volunteers, nurses is shown. The direction of telepsychiatry as a remote care tool has been demonstrated. Pilots of the concept of mental disorders of students against the background of the pandemic are presented. The questions about the delayed cumulative effect of mental disorders in students and the continuing incompleteness of knowledge about it are also raised.

scholarly journals Assessing Anxiety Disorders Using Wearable Devices: Challenges and Future Directions

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Elgendi ◽  
Carlo Menon
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Wearable Devices ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Electrocardiogram Ecg ◽  
Mental Well Being

Wearable devices (WD) are starting to increasingly be used for interventions to promote well-being by reducing anxiety disorders (AD). Electrocardiogram (ECG) signal is one of the most commonly used biosignals for assessing the cardiovascular system as it significantly reflects the activity of the autonomic nervous system during emotional changes. Little is known about the accuracy of using ECG features for detecting ADs. Moreover, during our literature review, a limited number of studies were found that involve ECG collection using WD for promoting mental well-being. Thus, for the sake of validating the reliability of ECG features for detecting anxiety in WD, we screened 1040 articles, and only 22 were considered for our study; specifically 6 on panic, 4 on post-traumatic stress, 4 on generalized anxiety, 3 on social, 3 on mixed, and 2 on obsessive-compulsive anxiety disorder articles. Most experimental studies had controversial results. Upon reviewing each of these papers, it became apparent that the use of ECG features for detecting different types of anxiety is controversial, and the use of ECG-WD is an emerging area of research, with limited evidence suggesting its reliability. Due to the clinical nature of most studies, it is difficult to determine the specific impact of ECG features on detecting ADs, suggesting the need for more robust studies following our proposed recommendations.

MENTAL WELL-BEING IN SETTINGS OF ‘COMPLEX EMERGENCY’: AN OVERVIEW

2004 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 381-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
ASTIER M. ALMEDOM ◽  
DEREK SUMMERFIELD
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Humanitarian Assistance ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Scholarly Journals ◽  
Academic Researchers ◽  
Complex Emergency ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Mental Well Being

The mental state of people affected by war and other disasters has been a subject of special interest to academic researchers and practitioners in humanitarian assistance and public health for over two decades. The last decade in particular has seen a rise in the number of papers published in scholarly journals around the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) debate. Anthropologists have rarely engaged in this debate. Nevertheless, some of the most illuminating contributions have come from socio-medical anthropology (Last, 2000).

scholarly journals Silver linings of the COVID-19 lockdown in New Zealand

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0249678
Author(s):  
Matthew Jenkins ◽  
Janet Hoek ◽  
Gabrielle Jenkin ◽  
Philip Gendall ◽  
James Stanley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Post Traumatic Growth ◽  
The Face ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Qualitative Responses ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mental Well Being

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused significant disruption, distress, and loss of life around the world. While negative health, economic, and social consequences are being extensively studied, there has been less research on the resilience and post-traumatic growth that people show in the face of adversity. We investigated New Zealanders’ experiences of benefit-finding during the COVID-19 pandemic and analysed qualitative responses to a survey examining mental well-being during the New Zealand lockdown. A total of 1175 of 2010 eligible participants responded to an open-ended question probing ‘silver linings’ (i.e., positive aspects) they may have experienced during this period. We analysed these qualitative responses using a thematic analysis approach. Two thirds of participants identified silver linings from the lockdown and we developed two overarching themes: Surviving (coping well, meeting basic needs, and maintaining health) and thriving (self-development, reflection, and growth). Assessing positive as well as negative consequences of the pandemic provides more nuanced insights into the impact that New Zealand’s response had on mental well-being.

Prefrontal-Limbic Brain Circuitry and the Regulation of Emotion

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annmarie MacNamara ◽  
K. Luan Phan
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Dysregulation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Neural Basis ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Brain Circuitry ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Regulation Of Emotion ◽  
Mental Well Being ◽  
The Brain

The ability to regulate emotion promotes mental well-being in health and is disrupted in psychopathologies such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The prefrontal cortex (PFC)—a region of the brain involved in executive function, behavioral coordination, and cognitive control—is particularly important in implementing the regulation of emotional response. This chapter reviews a decade and a half of neuroscientific research that has made considerable progress in advancing understanding of the neural basis of emotion regulation. This work, conducted in healthy individuals, provides a platform from which to understand the neural basis of emotion dysregulation that characterizes disorders like PTSD. Therefore, the proposed model could serve as a basis for explaining the etiology and/or maintenance of PTSD. The chapter concludes by summarizing the main findings and highlighting areas that need more work, including translation into the clinical domain.

Race and racism’s impact on mental wellness

2021 ◽  
pp. 523-532
Author(s):  
Oyedeji Ayonrinde ◽  
Shadé Miller
Keyword(s):  
Racial Identity ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Cumulative Effect ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Institutional Factors ◽  
Social Ranking ◽  
Mental Wellness ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mental Well Being

Race plays a considerable role in the definition and experiences of populations worldwide. Within and across borders, the phenotypic features of individuals can influence their social ranking, opportunities, and experiences of discrimination. Racism may manifest overtly or through chronic difficulties, life events, or experiences of micro-traumas and microaggressions. The cumulative effect of these can be a deterioration in mental well-being and in some occasions the precipitation and perpetuation of mental disorders. With migration, an individual may experience significant changes in racial identity and community status as they navigate a new legislative and societal infrastructure. This chapter highlights the impact of individual and institutional factors on mental well-being at the intersection of race with migration.

Body Armor for the Mind

2021 ◽  
pp. 27-40
Author(s):  
Michael Donald Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
First Responders ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Body Armor ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Management Personnel ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Mental Well Being

This chapter looks at the often overlooked yet vitally important steps of mental preparation for first responders, emergency and disaster management personnel, and command center staffs. This chapter will delve into the importance of using simulations and exercises to focus on the mental well-being of our responders to prevent future incidents of post-traumatic stress disorder and other health issues. The past 19 years of war against terrorism starting with the attacks on 9/11 coupled with the recent outbreak of COVID-19 has brought to the forefront the necessity to mentally prepare our warriors, our first responders, and our medical personnel to operate effectively in the toxic environment of a disaster or emergency. This chapter aims to help build that awareness and facilitate planning.

Vivid Memory of �When� a Happy Event Happened is Associated with Mental Well-being: A Natural Language Processing Based Study (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaoru Ito ◽  
Daisaku Shibata ◽  
Shoko Wakamiya ◽  
Eiji Aramaki
Keyword(s):  
Language Processing ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Disorder ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Time Specific ◽  
Vivid Memories ◽  
Mental Well Being

BACKGROUND Overgenerality or specificity of autobiographical memory is associated with psychological disorders such as major depressive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, and drug addiction. Current methods to measure overgenerality rely upon researchers’ subjective judgment, although automatic tools can measure other language-based scores for psychological disorder screening. OBJECTIVE This study was conducted to detect time-specific expressions, an aspect of specificity, in an episode. METHODS We analyzed 7000 episodes reported by 1000 participants via crowdsourcing, using Japanese language parsers to extract time-related expressions. Each participant wrote seven episodes according to seven emotional stimulus words. Three participant groups were made according to their WHO-5 well-being index score. The high well-being score (WB) group and low-WB group were examined to assess time expression usage (high-WB group; WB ≥ 60, n = 367, mean WB = 70.6, std = 10.5: low-WB group; WB ≤ 40, n = 378, mean WB = 27.5, std = 11.4). RESULTS Two-sided Fisher’s exact test revealed that happy episodes with detailed time expressions are significantly more numerous in the high-WB group than in the low-WB group (P = .001), but no significant difference was found for any other pair. CONCLUSIONS Results show that vivid memories about a happy event are associated with mental well-being.

scholarly journals Likely Exacerbation of Psychological Disorders from Covid-19 Response

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 215013272110167
Author(s):  
Tara Rava Zolnikov ◽  
Tanya Clark ◽  
Tessa Zolnikov
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Disorders ◽  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Face ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Anxiety and fear felt by people around the world regarding the coronavirus pandemic is real and can be overwhelming, resulting in strong emotional reactions in adults and children. With depressive and anxiety disorders already highly prevalent in the general population (300 million worldwide), depression and/or anxiety specifically because of the pandemic response is likely. Moreover, the current state of panic in the face of uncertainty is apt to produce significant amounts of stress. While this situation has the potential to cause psychological disorders in previously unaffected populations, perhaps more impactful is the exacerbation of symptoms of many existing disorders including anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and hoarding disorder.

scholarly journals Healthcare staff well-being and use of support services during COVID-19: a UK perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. e100458
Author(s):  
Anika R Petrella ◽  
Luke Hughes ◽  
Lorna A Fern ◽  
Lisa Monaghan ◽  
Benjamin Hannon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Service Use ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Rapid Evaluation ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Supportive Services ◽  
Post Traumatic

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has drastically increased demands on healthcare workers (HCWs) leaving them vulnerable to acute psychological distress, burnout and post-traumatic stress. In response, supportive services in a central London hospital mobilised mental health support specifically for HCWs.AimsThis rapid evaluation assessed HCW psychological welfare during the acute phase of the COVID-19 pandemic and their use of supportive services made available.MethodsDuring the acute phase of COVID-19 (April to May 2020) all staff working for the hospital were invited to complete an online survey assessing well-being (self-rated health, moral distress exposure, symptoms of burnout and psychological distress) and use of available supportive services (awareness of, use and perceived helpfulness). Associations among personal characteristics and psychological well-being were explored using correlations and linear regression.ResultsA total of 1127 staff participated in the rapid evaluation. On average, psychological distress was high (mean (SD): 22 (7.57)) regardless of role, with 84% of this sample scoring above the general population mean (14.5). Nearly half of the sample reported feeling emotionally drained and a profile emerged displaying higher levels of psychological distress and burnout in those who were younger and exposed to morally distressing situations, with this group also exhibiting greater support service use. Greater levels of burnout were associated with increased psychological distress when controlling for personal factors. During this acute phase of the pandemic, majority of staff used at least one service and rated it as helpful.ConclusionHCWs experienced high levels of psychological distress requiring continued support as the COVID-19 pandemic evolved. Although HCWs were aware of supportive services, uptake varied. In order to mitigate the risk of burnout and post-traumatic stress, long-term, effective strategies that facilitate staff accessing support are urgently required.

scholarly journals Why should medical students (not) be recruited to care for patients with COVID-19?

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Bank ◽  
Marjo Wijnen-Meijer
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Direct Care ◽  
Hygiene Measures ◽  
Development Of Anxiety ◽  
Mental Well Being

Abstract Worldwide it is being discussed whether medical students might be of help during the present COVID-19 epidemic. Although this question is probably a legitimate one, one should however discuss this thoroughly before deciding whether medical students are to be included in this kind of medical care on a larger scale. Various arguments should be weighted, and potential tasks should be chosen carefully. This period could however be also an opportunity for medical students to learn things they would probably never learn about. Nevertheless, medical students have a deficit concerning knowledge about epidemics, and they are also not really well skilled in many hygiene measures. Furthermore, some of the known medical students’ behaviour could be a risk factor for further spread of the virus as well. Then, young adults are at risk of getting infected themselves. Last but not least, medical students in general are under a great deal of pressure from their studies which could lead to the development of anxiety and other mental disorders. One could only speculate on the effects of this epidemic on their further mental well-being. Therefore, medical students participating in direct care of patients with COVID-19 should first be trained well, and then properly supervised at all times. Only then it might be a really useful and exceptional experience, for healthcare, medical schools as well as for society.

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