scholarly journals Soviet soldiers of the Great Patriotic War rescued from starvation by foreign humanitarian missions in 1921-1923s

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 176-179
Author(s):  
Grigory Gennadievich Tsidenkov
Keyword(s):  
National Archive ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
Food Treatment ◽  
Historical Aspect ◽  
The People ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Soviet Russia ◽  
Digitized Documents ◽  
The Military

The paper draws attention to such an important historical aspect as the connection between foreign humanitarian activities in Soviet Russia and Ukraine during the famine of 1921-1923 and the participation of the people of the USSR in the Great Patriotic War. It is well known that during the famine of 1921-1923, a large number of foreign aid organizations functioned in Russia and Ukraine and provided food, treatment and clothing to several million starving children who were doomed to death without outside help. Some of these organizations opened orphanages on the territory of the RSFSR for homeless children and children left without parental care. Many of those men and women who went to war in 1941-1945 were saved during the famine by foreign organizations. Thanks to modern databases of digitized documents on the Great Patriotic War, it becomes possible to trace the military fate of these people. The paper, based on the materials of the Central Archive of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation and the National Archive of Sweden, provides specific examples of the fate of participants in the Great Patriotic War, who were saved in 1922-1923 by the Red Cross organizations of Sweden and the Netherlands.

scholarly journals Образ материнской любви в фильме Трясина Григория Чухрая*

2018 ◽  
Vol 166 ◽  
pp. 99-107
Author(s):  
Shino Maeda
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Gender Roles ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Public ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Female Image ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Soviet Russia ◽  
The Military

Image of maternal love in Grigory Chukhray’s The QuagmireMemories of the Great Patriotic War contributed to the making of a national identity in Soviet Russia, and clear gender roles are evident in Soviet propaganda war art. The image of male soldiers demonstrates the obligation to defend the fatherland against the outside enemy. On the other hand, there are images of a mother cheering for her son or a mother lamenting over a fallen soldier. It is clear that the female image belongs to the reproductive function of motherhood. The establishment presents an ideal and urges the public to internalize it by themselves. Grigory Chukhray’s film The Quagmire’s 1977 mother, however, hides her young son, who was conscripted to the front. The  film casts doubt on the Soviet war myth and asks “Why do mothers have to be reconciled to lose their sons in order to defend the fatherland?” That’s why the military purged the film from the screen. Obraz miłości macierzyńskiej w filmie Grigorija Czuchraja TrzęsawiskoWspomnienia i obrazy Wielkiej Wojny Ojczyźnianej odegrały ważną rolę w kształtowaniu tożsamości obywateli Rosji Radzieckiej. W sowieckiej propagandzie wojennej wyraźnie widać hierarchię genderową. Wizerunek żołnierza mężczyzny odnosi się do obowiązku obrony ojczyzny przed zewnętrznym wrogiem. Natomiast wizerunek matki wiwatującej na cześć zwycięstwa syna lub rodzicielki lamentującej nad poległym żołnierzem kojarzony jest z macierzyństwem. Film Grigorija Czuchraja Trzęsawisko Трясина opowiada historię matki ukrywającej powołanego do wojska i wezwanego na front syna. Film, który wkrótce po premierze wycofano z  dystrybucji, stawia pytania dotyczące funkcjonowania radzieckich mitów wojennych oraz sytuacji kobiet, które nie chcą się pogodzić ze śmiercią swych synów broniących ojczyzny.

Endecott and the Red Cross: Puritan Iconoclasm in the New World

1990 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-22
Author(s):  
Francis J. Bremer
Keyword(s):  
Nathaniel Hawthorne ◽  
New World ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
The People ◽  
The Military ◽  
Roger Williams

The place was Salem, noon on an autumnal day in 1634 as Nathaniel Hawthorne told the story. The town's train band has assembled to be put through its paces. Fluttering in the wind is the military ensign featuring the royal colours – the red cross of St. George on a white field. Captain John Endecott receives a message from Roger Williams, who has just returned from Boston. The note tells of a plan by the king to send a governor general to rule Massachusetts and establish episcopacy. “Endecott,” writes Hawthorne, “gazed round at the excited countenances of the people, now full of his own spirit, and then turned suddenly to the standard-bearer, who stood close behind him:”‘Officer, lower your banner!’ said he.

scholarly journals Impact of Military Actions on Sustainable Development in Iraq

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 351
Author(s):  
Ibraheem M . Aliyas
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
Earth Surface ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The People ◽  
Soil Water Resources ◽  
The Military

<em>The military actions in Iraq most challenge influenced to each life types especially on sustainable development which representing by environment such as (biosphere ;soil, water resources &amp; air) ,social and economic,  spawned the negatively traces for all sectors  of sustainable development , in particular including: murder ,destruction of infrastructure, agricultural production, biodiversity, industrial production, education, health, and others. Where occurred three wars; 1980, 1991 and 2003. Until now Iraq suffers from their impacts, where protection of sustainable development could be strategic necessity today's. Human who lives above the Earth is main reason in impact on the environment whether by the reason war or Irrationally use of natural resources which produce; pollution, smoke, waste, and epidemics .There is no doubt that the environment is a natural habitat for all human activities so events current on the earth surface, therefore unaffected and affect them, just the human living in healthy lives atmosphere where causes of varying degrees from effects on the environment. Our research is trying to find out how the in fact that environmental pollution by the reason of war hampering sustainable development and threatening the lives of Population, in order to reach this goal, included this   research ;sociological , environmental,ecnomic security for the people of Iraq.   caused unrest killed more than 85,000 civilians in 2007, estimated the number of refugees 4.7 million (about 16% of Iraq's population) in April 2008, and two million Iraqis have fled to neighboring countries, they are now according to the International Red Cross and the statements in the humanitarian situation bad, as the number of people killed during the war were 1.3 million people and in the month of August 2008 Iraq took fifth in unstable countries index.</em>

Fighting epidemics in the Kirov region during the Great Patriotic War

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (11-1) ◽  
pp. 148-158
Author(s):  
Marina Svintsova
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Scarlet Fever ◽  
Effective Interaction ◽  
Regional State ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
State Archives ◽  
The Military

The article analyzes the experience of fighting epidemics and infectious diseases on the territory of the Kirov region of the USSR during the great Patriotic war. During the war period, the region experienced outbreaks of various types of typhus, scarlet fever, measles, tularemia and other infections among the population and the military contingent. The set of anti-epidemic measures was a system of effective interaction of various agencies, services and organizations of the region. The analysis of the epidemic situation is based on the study of materials from the Central and regional state archives of the Russian Federation.

STATE POLICY FOR THE FORMATION OF HISTORICAL MEMORY OF THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR 1941–1945: REGIONAL EXPERIENCE

Kavkazologiya ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 141-157
Author(s):  
A.I. TETUEV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
State Policy ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Educational Organizations ◽  
Civic Values ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Patriotic Education ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Military

The article examines the legal framework of patriotic education of citizens of the Russian Federation and the experience of forming historical memory of the Great Patriotic War of 1941–1945 on the example of Kabardino-Balkaria. The state policy of patriotic education of citizens is analyzed in the context of changes in foreign policy and socio-political life in modern Russia. The process of development of regional legislation on the management of the sphere of patriotic education of citizens is considered. The experience of the work of state authorities, educational organizations and institutions of civil society in Kabardino-Balkaria in organizing the military-patriotic education of youth is summarized. The article reveals the activities of search teams to perpetuate the memory of those who died during the Great Patriotic War, as well as secondary schools, museums and libraries to form civic values of youth. The problems in the system of organization of patriotic education are revealed.

scholarly journals PRESERVING THE MEMORY OF THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR IN THE RUSSIAN ONOMASTIC SPACE

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 89-98
Author(s):  
Sergei A. Popov ◽  
◽  
Ksenia M. Gerasimova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Main Attention ◽  
The Past ◽  
Sports Events ◽  
The People ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Federation

The subject of analysis in this article is the ranks of proper names that have entered the onomastic space of Russia over the past 75 years, in which the memory of the heroes and events of the Great Patriotic War of 1941–1945 has been preserved. The purpose of the work is to identify the specificity of onomastic units associated with the specified period in the history of our country. The authors of the article suggest calling them heroic toponyms, ergonyms, carabonyms, etc. According to the authors, the onomastic space of the Russian Federation is currently one of the most reliable types of historical memory of the people, since the names, surnames, and occupations of people who have made a significant contribution to the history of a particular settlement, region or country in overall, as well as the names of historical events. The process of this onomastic nomination is presented as part of the state policy of memory. The article examines in the aspect of commemoration toponyms, microtoponyms, oikonyms, urbanonyms, oronyms, carabonyms, astronyms, cosmonyms, ergonyms, as well as modern memorial sports events dedicated to the events and heroes of the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945. The main attention is paid to heroic toponymy, in particular, the specificity of the commemorative nomination in the settlements on the territory of which during the war years hostilities took place (hero cities, cities of military glory, settlements of military valor) are highlighted. The authors come to the conclusion that reliable information about one of the most difficult periods of Russian history will be reliably transmitted from generation to generation through the onomastic space of Russia.

scholarly journals Military and Patriotic Education of Youth: Features of its Formation in Soviet and Post-Soviet Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (36) ◽  
pp. 32-42
Author(s):  
Roman N. Pankov ◽  
◽  
Anna Y. Tikhonova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Civic Education ◽  
State Level ◽  
The State ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Historical Aspect ◽  
Patriotic Education ◽  
Separate Region ◽  
Soviet Russia ◽  
The Military

The article analyzes the problems of studying patriotic and military-patriotic education in the Russian Federation. The authors found that in most pedagogical studies, the emphasis is on the patriotic education of schoolchildren and the preparation of future teachers for this activity. The patriotic education of future defenders of the Fatherland is studied by scientists on the basis of specific educational institutions. In the historical aspect, the features of military-patriotic education are presented in works devoted to a specific period of history and a separate region. It was revealed that the features of the organization of patriotic education in the 1980s are manifested in the activation of the military-patriotic work of the pioneer and Komsomol organizations and in teaching different school subjects. In the 1990s there was a decrease in the level of militarypatriotic education, its importance in the theory and practice of education ceases to be relevant. Since the early 2000s the issues of patriotic education get more attention at the state level, there was an awareness of its importance for the development of the country and increase of its defence capability, the number of scientific research works on this problem increased. Military-patriotic education in the policy of the state faded into the background, family and civic education became a priority.

scholarly journals Family Stories about the Great Patriotic War: Specifics of Historical Sources

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 482-489
Author(s):  
Petr S. Kabytov ◽  
◽  
Nadezhda N. Kabytova ◽  
Ekaterina P. Barinova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral History ◽  
Human Factor ◽  
Extreme Conditions ◽  
Specific Mechanism ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Family Stories ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Digitized Documents ◽  
The Military

The article considers the principles and methods of studying behavioral practices in the everyday life of people through their fates during the Great Patriotic War. The materials of oral history are analyzed, the subjectivity of which does not distort, but complements the information of legislative and clerical sources. Valuable information is contained in declassified and digitized documents of the Martyrologist of the Great Patriotic War of 1941–1945. Based on the memories of war and labor veterans, data of electronic resources highlighting new facets of known events, forms and methods of overcoming dangers and threats in extreme conditions are shown, which made it possible to identify a specific mechanism for the formation of the human factor in the military defense potential of the country.

Combat Actions of the 1st and 3rd Air Armies in the First Rzhev-Sychev Operation: Losses and Their Replacement

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-159
Author(s):  
Ivan I. Mizerov
Keyword(s):  
Air Force ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Military Operation ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Red Army ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Army Air Force ◽  
The Military ◽  
Central Archive

The article discusses the combat work of the Red Army air force (the 1st and the 3rd air armies of the Western and Kalinin fronts, respectively) during the Rzhev-Sychev operation, focusing on the role of field aircraft repair for the replacement of losses suffered in the battle, and for maintaining the overall combat capability of the air forces in the offensive zone. The author suggests considering the battle of Rzhev as one of the largest and longest aviation battles of the Great Patriotic War. The paper offers a comparative analysis of the number of forces involved in the Rzhev-Sychevsky operation with other large-scale air operations. Drawing on hitherto unstudied sources from the collections of the Central Archive of the Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation and on statistical data, the author explains the tactical application of aviation in the Central part of the Soviet-German front in the summer and autumn of 1942, as well as the patterns and main causes of losses during the military operation. The author emphasizes the critical importance of field repair for an accelerated recovery of air force strike capabilities; this gave the Soviet units significant advantages over the German Luftwaffe in the region. As the paper shows, the command of the 1st and 3rd air armies were fully aware of the importance of field repair and gave it thoughtful consideration; already during the intense fighting, measures were taken to share the gained experience with other units.

Hero of the Soviet Union A. V. Sidorov, a military topographer

2021 ◽  
Vol 975 (9) ◽  
pp. 57-64
Author(s):  
E.I. Dolgov ◽  
S.V. Sergeev ◽  
A.V. Nikonov
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Soviet People ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Red Army ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Military

Military topographers made a significant contribution to achieving the Victory of the Soviet people in the Great Patriotic War of 1941–1945. For their professionalism, bravery and courage, many of them were submitted to government awards, orders and medals. At war a topographer performs an important and responsible, though not as heroic and risky job as, for example, a pilot or a tanker. Therefore, until recently, it was believed that there were no military topographers among the servicemen honoured with the highest distinction, the title of the Hero of the Soviet Union. However, by now, when the archive documents of the Russian Federation Defense Ministry have been fully opened, it is possible to observe the way of our colleague, Alexander Vasilyevich Sidorov, who was assigned the title of the Hero of the Soviet Union in 1943. A. V. Sidorov started his career in 1930 as a civilian topographer of the Central Asian Geodetic Administration (Tashkent). Since 1932, in the Military Topographic Service of the Red Army

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