scholarly journals Relação da Regulamentação Brasileira do Leite com a Qualidade deste Produto entre 2000 e 2020: Revisão Bibliográfica, Situação Atual e Tendências

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (5-esp.) ◽  
pp. 473-479
Author(s):  
Rogério Luiz Vanot ◽  
Veronica Cristina Heringer ◽  
Rafael Fagnani
Keyword(s):  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Milk Quality ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
And Training

O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar uma revisão bibliográfica sobre a qualidade do leite cru produzido entre os anos de 2000 e 2020 e relacionar esses resultados às exigências das Instruções Normativas, que regulamentam os critérios de identidade e qualidade desse tipo de leite, além de discutir as possíveis tendências relativas à atividade leiteira. Os resultados apontam que ainda não há uniformidade na qualidade do leite cru após quase 20 anos de regulamentações. A melhoria de qualidade também não é nítida em relação aos dados provenientes das publicações científicas, as quais estão concentradas em Minas Gerais, Goiás e Paraná e sem ocorrência nos Estados da região Norte. Verifica-se uma certa dificuldade dos produtores no cumprimento das exigências, principalmente, quando essas se tornaram mais rigorosas, com a publicação de novos limites. Sem incentivos e treinamentos, essa atividade, provavelmente, será exercida cada vez mais por grandes produtores, com um número alto de animais e elevada produtividade.     Palavras chave: Legislação. Leite. Instruções Normativas.   Abstract The objective of this study was conducting a literature review on the raw milk quality produced between 2000 and 2020 and relate these results to the  Normative Instructions requirements that regulate the identity criteria and quality of this type of milk, in addition to discussing the possible trends regarding milk activity. The results indicate that there is still no uniformity in the  raw milk quality after almost 20 years of regulations. The quality improvement related to the data from scientific publications is also not clear, being concentrated in Minas Gerais, Goiás and Paraná and without occurrence in the states of the northern region. There is a certain difficulty for the  producers meeting the requirements, especially when they have become more stringent, with the publication of new limits. Without incentives and training, this activity is likely to be carried out more and more by large producers, with a high number of animals and high productivity.   Keywords: Legislation. Milk. Normative Instructions.  

scholarly journals Chilled raw milk quality: a case study in Zona da Mata region, Minas Gerais State, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Paulo de Lima ◽  
Gustavo Bastos Braga ◽  
Ronaldo Perez ◽  
Antonio Fernandes de Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Milk Quality ◽  
Total Bacterial Count ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Minas Gerais State

ABSTRACT: This paper aimed to analyze the evolution of the quality of raw milk produced by producers in the Zona da Mata region, in the state of Minas Gerais, between 2012 and 2018. For this purpose, we used the linear mixed-effects model to analyze the monthly evolution of the results of milk composition indicators (fat, protein, and defatted dry extract - DDE), somatic cell count - SCC, and total bacterial count - TBC, from the official monthly registry of 94 milk producers, suppliers of a region’s dairy. Results indicate a continuous reduction in the milk composition indicators between 2014 and 2018. For the SCC and TBC indicators, we identified only one-off reductions. The supply of a larger volume of milk was associated with increased TBC. Seasonality influenced all quality indicators analyzed. According to these results, we concluded that the analyzed quality of chilled raw milk offered by producers was proven worse from 2012 to 2018, despite the actions implemented by the National Milk Quality Improvement Program - PNMQL.

scholarly journals Raw milk quality of individual and collective expansion tanks of a dairy industry located in Rio Pomba, Minas Gerais, Brazil - a case study

2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (392) ◽  
pp. 24-32
Author(s):  
Maurilio Lopes Martins ◽  
Jéssica Fernandes Carvalhaes ◽  
Leandro Jader dos Santos ◽  
Nathânia de Sá Mendes ◽  
Eliane Maurício Furtado Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Industry ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Milk Quality

Effect of Computerized Auditory Training on Speech Perception of Adults With Hearing Impairment

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 91-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Pizarek ◽  
Valeriy Shafiro ◽  
Patricia McCarthy
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Speech Perception ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Experimental Designs ◽  
Auditory Training ◽  
Hearing Impairments ◽  
Communicative Disorders ◽  
And Training

Computerized auditory training (CAT) is a convenient, low-cost approach to improving communication of individuals with hearing loss or other communicative disorders. A number of CAT programs are being marketed to patients and audiologists. The present literature review is an examination of evidence for the effectiveness of CAT in improving speech perception in adults with hearing impairments. Six current CAT programs, used in 9 published studies, were reviewed. In all 9 studies, some benefit of CAT for speech perception was demonstrated. Although these results are encouraging, the overall quality of available evidence remains low, and many programs currently on the market have not yet been evaluated. Thus, caution is needed when selecting CAT programs for specific patients. It is hoped that future researchers will (a) examine a greater number of CAT programs using more rigorous experimental designs, (b) determine which program features and training regimens are most effective, and (c) indicate which patients may benefit from CAT the most.

scholarly journals Fatty acid profile of "bottled butter fat" produced in the region of Salinas, Minas Gerais

2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 1615-1620
Author(s):  
Maria das Graças Clemente ◽  
Luiz Ronaldo de Abreu ◽  
Sandra Maria Pinto ◽  
Creuza Pedroso Amaral Rezende
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Cottage Cheese ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Butter Fat

The economic history of Salinas, Minas Gerais is largely based on cattle-breeding. The discoverers found in the city's region a large potential for the progress of their activities, either in agriculture or in cattle-breeding (OLIVEIRA, 2000). Even today, milk production plays an important role in family farming activities, which besides raw milk, provides curdal cheese, cottage cheese, and "bottled butter fat", which is manufactured with fat extracted from whey. Therefore, this study was conducted to analyze the fatty acid profile of "bottled butter fat" produced in Salinas, in the northern region of Minas Gerais , and also to analyze the ratio of saturated to unsaturated fatty acid of these butters. The fatty acid profile of the "bottled butter fat" was determined by chromatographic analysis, according to methodology advanced by Luddy et al. (1960), and later modified by Abreu (1993). Analysis of variance was applied for comparison of the averages by the Tukey test at 5% probability. The fatty acid profiles of all the "bottled butter fat" were found to be similar. The concentration of saturated fatty acids was higher than that of the unsaturated, with averages of 60,36% and 39,64%, respectively.

scholarly journals INNOVATIVE APPROACH TO THE PRODUCTION OF HIGH QUALITY MILK-RAW MATERIALS

2019 ◽  
pp. 46-55
Author(s):  
Iryna Bernyk
Keyword(s):  
Quality Management ◽  
Management System ◽  
Quality Management System ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Primary Treatment ◽  
Milk Quality ◽  
Quality And Safety ◽  
Quality Of Milk

The most pressing problems of the food industry today are the quality of food. The main factors influencing this indicator are the quality of raw materials, the technical and technological level of enterprises, the quality management system and food safety. Milk quality cannot be improved in the processing process, at best it can be stabilized, so the milk quality management system should focus on the technological processes of its production and primary treatment using a preventive approach. The sanitary and hygienic quality of milk production is a complex problem that is determined by a number of factors that combine the notion of "technology and culture of production". General bacterial contamination of milk raw materials should be considered as a collection of sources of ingress of microorganisms into the technological environment, in particular the microflora of the surface of the udder and lobes; microflora of udder channels; microorganisms of milking equipment, milk lines, milk packaging; microflora of personnel and environment. The traditional scheme of primary milk treatment provides a consistent picture of the quality and safety of raw milk obtained from its production. Measures to improve the quality and safety of raw milk through additional use of the decontamination process are proposed. The use of ultrasonic cavitation technologies for milk disinfection allows to increase the quality of milk and to get more money for the farm, to provide quality raw materials for dairy enterprises.

scholarly journals PROCESSING OF COW UDDERS WITH MODERN MEANS

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 12-16
Author(s):  
Геннадий Ларионов ◽  
Gennadiy Larionov ◽  
Николай Кириллов ◽  
Nikolay Kirillov
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Somatic Cells ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Milk Quality ◽  
The Public ◽  
Anaerobic Microorganisms ◽  
Facultative Anaerobic ◽  
Processed Products

The public of our country makes ever-increasing demands on milk in terms of safety and nutritional values. In accordance with the requirements of the Interstate Standard GOST 31449-2013 “Raw milk of cow. Specifications” the number of mesophilic aerobic and facultative anaerobic microorganisms should not exceed 1.0×105 CFU/cm3, the number of somatic cells - 4.0×105 in 1 cm3 in milk. The dairy industry places high demands on milk quality, namely, on bacterial contamination. Dairy products of high quality can only be obtained from good raw materials. High bacterial contamination worsens the quality of raw milk and its processed products and creates a certain risk factor for human health. In the Chuvash Republic, studies were carried out on the use of modern domestic iodine-containing preparations and lactic acid-based preparations for the treatment of the udder of cows. At the same time, the sanitary-hygienic condition of the udder’s nipples was improved, the microbiological seeding and the number of somatic cells decreased, and the grade of milk of cows was increased. When treatment the udder of cows before milking by Violet and after milking by Lactovit, the number of mesophilic aerobic and facultative anaerobic microorganisms in milk decreased by 22.9 times, the number of somatic cells - by 2.0 times. When using Monklavit-1, the number of mesophilic aerobic and facultative anaerobic microorganisms decreased by 25.0 and the number of somatic cells decreased 2.5 times. It was found that the efficiency of Monclavit-1 using is higher 1.1 times according to the number of mesophilic aerobic and facultative anaerobic microorganisms and 1.5 times according to the number of somatic cells, than treatment of the udder of cows by Violet and Lactovite. The use of modern udder treatment means allowed to improve milk quality from the second to the highest grade.

Telemedicine Education Amidst COVID-19: Review of Literature and Call to Action (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shil U. Punatar ◽  
Basharath A. Khan ◽  
Matthew Charnetski ◽  
Rajendram Rajnarayanan
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Healthcare Access ◽  
Standardized Assessments ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Call To Action ◽  
Legal Guidelines ◽  
And Training

UNSTRUCTURED Intro and Objective: In the presence of COVID-19, telemedicine is being utilized to limit person-to-person spread while increasing healthcare access. While telemedicine use is increasing, a mismatch exists with the amount of training to deliver care. For this, the American Medical Association has called for an increase in formalized training for telemedicine. This literature review provides recent examples of telemedicine education techniques to provide guidance for telemedicine training in this time of immediate need. Methods: The authors conducted a literature review by searching the PubMed (MEDLINE) database for publications pertaining to telemedicine education and training. After review, 12 pieces of literature were analyzed for methods and skills taught in telemedicine, means to assess competency, and future directions. Results: This study identified a broad scope of skills to be taught from orientation to technology, to patient interaction methods, as well as the current medico-legal guidelines. Using standardized assessments and being supervised by trained physicians, there is a role of telemedicine incorporation into formal curricula. As the field of telemedicine continues to adapt, so should the mechanisms by which training is delivered. Conclusions/Discussion: While accepted that telemedicine provides access to care, especially in the time of COVID-19, this is not synonymous with quality of care if telemedicine training is lacking. The results of this work provide many current examples of telemedicine teaching to be incorporated across all healthcare disciplines. With this, we emphasize the need for growth in the area of telemedicine education and published data in the field.

Quality Improvement Toolkits: Recommendations for Development

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 538-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Hempel ◽  
Isomi Miake-Lye ◽  
Angela G. Brega ◽  
Fred Buckhold ◽  
Susan Hassell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Quality Of Care ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Evaluation Methods ◽  
Modified Delphi ◽  
Content Development ◽  
Development Methods ◽  
Improving Health Care

A burgeoning number of toolkits dedicated to improving health care exist but development guidance is lacking. The authors convened a panel of health care stakeholders, including developers, purchasers, users, funders, and disseminators of toolkits. The panel was informed by a literature review that analyzed 44 publications and 27 toolkits. A modified Delphi process established recommendations and suggestions to guide toolkit development. The panel established 12 recommendations for content and 1 recommendation for toolkit development methods. The recommendations are accompanied by 11 suggestions for toolkit content, 9 suggestions for development methods, and 6 suggestions for toolkit evaluation methods. The authors established a set of key recommendations and suggestions addressing the content, development, and evaluation methods of quality improvement toolkits, together with a ready-to use checklist. The guidance aims to advance the value of toolkits as an emerging method to effectively disseminate interventions to improve the quality of care.

scholarly journals Nutritional and Hygienic Quality of Raw Milk in the Mid-Northern Region of Algeria: Correlations and Risk Factors

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Soumeya Adjlane-Kaouche ◽  
Rafik Benhacine ◽  
Faiçal Ghozlane ◽  
Abderrahmane Mati
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Significant Variation ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Aerobic Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Residues ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Almost All

This paper aims to study the overall quality of raw milk in the mid-northern region of Algeria. The analysis results showed a decrease in the average temperature for the delivery of 1,54°C withP<0.001. However, no significant variation (P>0.05) was observed in almost all the physical and nutritional parameters studied (pH, fat content, and protein content) between M1 and M2. The average contamination by total mesophilic aerobic bacteria (TMAB), coliforms, yeasts, molds, and different pathogens in samples taken at M1 showed significant changes at M2. This was confirmed by the decrease of reduction time of methylene blue (RTMB), about 54%. The variation was described as follows: (P>0.05) for yeasts and (P<0.05) for molds in M1 and M2, (P<0.05) for TMAB in M1, and (P<0.001) for TC, FC, and TMAB in M2. The analysis for the detection ofSalmonellaspp. showed no contamination in all samples tested, while antibiotic residues were detected in 35% of milks delivered. In conclusion, several risk factors have been identified in this study, namely, the effect of the season and the distance between the farm and the dairy unit.

scholarly journals Aspek Penting Akreditasi Puskesmas dalam Mendukung Implementasi Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional

2018 ◽  
pp. 10-16
Author(s):  
Misnaniarti Misnaniarti ◽  
Putri Kemala Destari
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Performance Improvement ◽  
Services Quality ◽  
Policy Study ◽  
Self Assessment

Abstrak Puskesmas memegang peran yang sangat penting dalam penyelenggaraan pelayanan kesehatan di Indonesia. Puskesmas dituntut untuk dapat menjamin perbaikan mutu, peningkatan kinerja dan penerapan manajemen risiko yang dilaksanakan secara berkesinambungan, sehingga perlu dilakukan penilaian melalui mekanisme akreditasi. Tujuan penulisan makalah ini adalah untuk mengkaji aspek penting penyelenggaraan akreditasi Puskesmas dalam mendukung implementasi Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN). Makalah ini merupakan studi kebijakan menggunakan literature review. Informasi diambil dari berbagai sumber terdiri dari kebijakan, pedoman dan hasil penelitian terkait akreditasi Puskesmas. Berdasarkan kajian diketahui bahwa Puskesmas wajib untuk diakreditasi secara berkala paling sedikit tiga tahun sekali, sebagai salah satu syarat fasilitas kesehatan tingkat pertama di JKN. Akreditasi dilakukan melalui tahap survei akreditasi dan penetapan akreditasi. Puskemas melakukan persiapan sebelumnya antara lain menyiapkan dokumen eksternal dan internal, termasuk melakukan studi banding untuk persiapan akreditasi. Persiapan lainnya adalah melakukan pendampingan dan Self Assessment. Pelaksanaan akreditasi di Puskesmas merupakan aspek penting dalam mendukung implementasi JKN sekaligus merupakan upaya meningkatkan kualitas layanan Puskesmas. Rekomendasi bagi Puskesmas untuk dapat melakukan persiapan secara konprehensif sebelum menyelenggarakan penilaian akreditasi. Pelayanan kesehatan yang dilakukan sesuai arah panduan akreditasi secara konsisten dan berkelanjutan, pada akhirnya dapat meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan dan kepuasan pasien secara berkesinambungan. Kata Kunci: Akreditasi, Kredensialing, Mutu, Puskesmas. Abstract Puskesmas have an important role in the implementation of health services in Indonesia. Puskesmas are required to guarantee the quality improvement, performance improvement and implementation of risk management are carried out sustainably, so it needs to be assessed through accreditation mechanism. The purpose of this paper is to review the important aspects of the implementation of Puskesmas accreditation in supporting the implementation of the National Health Insurance (JKN). This is a policy study using literature review. Information taken from various sources consists of policies, guidelines and research results related to Puskesmas accreditation. Based on this study known that Puskesmas are obliged to be accredited periodically at least every three years, requirements as First Level Health Facilities. Accreditation done through several stages such as accreditation survey and accreditation decision. Previously Puskemas do the preparation consist of preparing external and internal documents, including conducting comparative studies for preparation of accreditation. Other preparation are accompaniment and Self Assessment. Implementation of accreditation in Puskesmas are an important aspect in supporting the implementation of JKN as well as an effort to improve the services quality of Puskesmas. Recommendation for Puskesmas to do preparation comprehensively before implementation accreditation assessment. Health services that implementation based on the accreditation guidelines consistently and continuously, finally can improve the quality of service and patient satisfaction on sustainably. Keywords: neonatal, emergency, hospital, referal system

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