scholarly journals ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF ROBUSTA COFFEE (Coffea robusta L.) PEEL EXTRACT AGAINST HUMAN PATHOGENIC BACTERIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (Spl-2-ICOPMES_2020) ◽  
pp. S264-S268
Author(s):  
Herlina Rante ◽  
◽  
Subehan . ◽  
Retno Wulandari ◽  
Yayu Mulsiani Evary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Fruit Peel ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Robusta Coffee ◽  
Human Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Tlc Bioautography ◽  
Coffea Robusta ◽  
Peel Extract

Now in these days infectious diseases seriously affect human health and sometimes these infections might become the cause of human mortality. Most of these infectious diseases are caused by bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Although large numbers of antibiotics are available increasing drug resistance in these microorganisms became a serious matter of concern in the scientific community. There is an urgent need for research on alternate natural products that can manage these pathogenic microorganisms without inducing any resistance. The purpose of this study was to determine the antibacterial activity of Robusta coffee (Coffea robusta L.) fruit peel extract against 5 human pathogenic bacteria i.e. Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, and Salmonella thypi NCTC 786. The sample was extracted using the maceration method with methanol as the solvent. The antibacterial activity of fruit peel extract was determined by using the agar diffusion method while the presence of active ingredients was determined by the using TLC-Bioautography assay performed using the mobile phase of n-hexane: ethyl acetate (1 : 3). The results of the study revealed significant antibacterial activity of coffee peel extract against E. coli and B. subtilis with an inhibition zone of 10.15 mm and 10.96 mm, respectively. Furthermore, results of the TLC-Bioautography revealed that the compounds at Rf 0.76 inhibit the growth of E. coli and the compounds at Rf 0.27 inhibit the growth of B. subtilis bacteria. These active spots were suspected to be flavonoid and phenolic compounds, respectively but further confirmation detail study is required in the future.

Bactericidal activity of Sargassum aquifolium (Turner) C. Agardh against Gram-positive and Gram-negative biofilm-forming pathogenic bacteria

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilushi Indika Bamunuarachchi ◽  
Fazlurrahman Khan ◽  
Young-Mog Kim
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Bactericidal Activity ◽  
Brown Algae ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Human Pathogenic Bacteria

Aim: To study the bactericidal activity of crude ethanolic extract and fractionations obtained from Sargassum aquifolium (Turner) C. Agardh (brown algae) towards Gram-positive bacteria and Gram-negative biofilm-forming human pathogenic bacteria. Background: The increasing emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the hospital and community settings lead to the discovery of alternative strategies. Marine organisms are considered as one of the potential sources of the diverse bioactive molecules against several biological activities. Hence, the algae especially the marine brown algae were selected to evaluate its antibacterial activities towards biofilm-forming human pathogenic bacteria. Objective: To restrain the drug-resistant ability of pathogenic bacteria, we have checked the extract of Sargassum aquifolium (Turner) C. Agardh (Phyophyceae) for the concerned bioactive compounds. Methods: Antibacterial activity towards both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria was evaluated using disk diffusion and broth microdilution assays. Furthermore, the active compound present in the extracts were also identified using gaschromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). Results: A total of 21 bioactive compounds were identified using GC-MS analysis with different chemical natures. The crude ethanolic extraction was fractionated sequentially according to the eluotropic series from less to extreme polar. The highest zone of inhibition was recorded for ethanolic extract on Listeria monocytogenes with a value of 38.00±0.17 mm and the lowest was 10.67±0.06 mm for ethyl acetate fraction on Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Ethyl acetate fractionate showed a higher effectivity than other fractionations. 256 µg/mL MIC value was recorded against Staphylococcus aureus and L. monocytogenes and 512 µg/mL against Escherichia coli and P. aeruginosa. Its ethanolic extract also showed synergism with oxytetracycline on S. aureus, L. monocytogenes, and E. coli. Furthermore, the same extracts also showed synergism with tetracycline on E. coli and with erythromycin on P. aeruginosa. Conclusion: The present study reports the antibacterial activity of the S. aquifolium (Turner) C. Agardh extracts against human pathogenic bacteria. Furthermore, it also predicts the synergistic activity of selected antibiotic combinations against both selected Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria.

Bioenhancing Effect of Cow Urine Distillate and Pepper Extract on Antibacterial Activity of Azadirachta Indica Leaves

1970 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 3212-3214
Author(s):  
Pramod Dhakal ◽  
Ankit a Achary ◽  
Vedamurthy Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Watery Diarrhea ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Drug Molecules ◽  
Cow Urine

Bioenhancers are drug facilitator which do not show the typical drug activity but in combination to enhance the activity of other molecule in several way including increase the bioavailability of drug across the membrane, potentiating the drug molecules by conformational interaction, acting as receptor for drug molecules and making target cell more receptive to drugs and promote and increase the bioactivity or bioavailability or the uptake of drugs in combination therapy. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the antibacterial and activity of combination in Azadirachta indica extract with cow urine distillate and pepper extract against common pathogenic bacteria, a causative agent of watery diarrhea. It has been found that Indian indigenous cow urine and its distillate also possess bioenhancing ability. Bioenhancing role of cow urine distillate (CUD) and pepper extract was investigated on antibacterial activity of ethanol extract of Azadirachta indica. Antibacterial activity of ethanol extract neem alone and in combination with CUD and pepper extract were determined the ATCC strains against Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and E-coli by cup plate diffusion method. Ethanol extract of neem has showed more effect on P. aeruginosa, E-coli than S. aureus and K. pneumonia with combination of CUD and pepper extract. CUD and pepper did not show any inhibition of test bacteria in low concentration. The antibacterial effect of combination of extract and CUD was higher than the inhibition caused by extract alone and is suggestive of the bioenhancing role of cow urine distillate and pepper. Moreover, inhibition of test bacteria was observed with less concentration of extract on combining with CUD

scholarly journals TO STUDY THE ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF VARIOUS EXTRACTS OF CLAUSENA DENTATA (WILLD.) ROEM.

2019 ◽  
pp. 69-73
Author(s):  
ANNAMALAI MADURAM ◽  
RAJU KAMARAJ
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Volatile Oil ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Human Pathogenic Bacteria

Objectives: The objectives of the study were to study the antibacterial activity for the various extracts of Clausena dentata against human pathogens. Clausena (Rutaceae) is a genus of about 23 species of unarmed trees and shrubs. The stem bark of C. dentata is used in veterinary medicine for the treatment of wounds and sprains. Even though C. dentata has a lot of potential medical uses, the study of microbiological properties is very scarce. Methods: The plant C. dentata was collected from Kadagaman, near Tiruvannamalai, Tamil Nadu, India, and authenticated by Centre for Advanced Study in Botany, University of Madras, Chennai. The dry powder of stem bark was extracted with hexane, chloroform, and methanol. The extracts were subjected to qualitative phytochemical screening and antibacterial activity against human pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella Typhi, Klebsiella pneumonia, Vibrio cholerae, and Staphylococcus aureus and compared with ciprofloxacin. Results: Qualitative chemical tests revealed the presence of various phytochemicals such as alkaloids, glycosides, carbohydrate, proteins and amino acids, phytosterols, and volatile oil. The antibacterial activity result reveals that all the extracts were are more active against V. cholerae. The activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa was mild. Conclusion: The activity against V. cholerae was comparable with that of 5 μg/mL ciprofloxacin at the concentration of C. dentata 40 μg/mL. The orders of antibacterial activity against human pathogenic bacteria are hexane, methanol, and chloroform extract of C. dentata.

scholarly journals Alkaloid-Rich Crude Extracts, Fractions and Piperamide Alkaloids of Piper guineense Possess Promising Antibacterial Effects

Antibiotics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunice Mgbeahuruike ◽  
Pia Fyhrquist ◽  
Heikki Vuorela ◽  
Riitta Julkunen-Tiitto ◽  
Yvonne Holm
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Piper Guineense ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Growth Inhibitory ◽  
Derivatives Of

Piper guineense is a food and medicinal plant commonly used to treat infectious diseases in West-African traditional medicine. In a bid to identify new antibacterial compounds due to bacterial resistance to antibiotics, twelve extracts of P. guineense fruits and leaves, obtained by sequential extraction, as well as the piperine and piperlongumine commercial compounds were evaluated for antibacterial activity against human pathogenic bacteria. HPLC-DAD and UHPLC/Q-TOF MS analysis were conducted to characterize and identify the compounds present in the extracts with promising antibacterial activity. The extracts, with the exception of the hot water decoctions and macerations, contained piperamide alkaloids as their main constituents. Piperine, dihydropiperine, piperylin, dihydropiperylin or piperlonguminine, dihydropiperlonguminine, wisanine, dihydrowisanine and derivatives of piperine and piperidine were identified in a hexane extract of the leaf. In addition, some new piperamide alkaloids were identified, such as a piperine and a piperidine alkaloid derivative and two unknown piperamide alkaloids. To the best of our knowledge, there are no piperamides reported in the literature with similar UVλ absorption maxima and masses. A piperamide alkaloid-rich hexane leaf extract recorded the lowest MIC of 19 µg/mL against Sarcina sp. and gave promising growth inhibitory effects against S. aureus and E. aerogenes as well, inhibiting the growth of both bacteria with a MIC of 78 µg/mL. Moreover, this is the first report of the antibacterial activity of P. guineense extracts against Sarcina sp. and E. aerogenes. Marked growth inhibition was also obtained for chloroform extracts of the leaves and fruits against P. aeruginosa with a MIC value of 78 µg/mL. Piperine and piperlongumine were active against E. aerogenes, S. aureus, E. coli, S. enterica, P. mirabilis and B. cereus with MIC values ranging from 39–1250 µg/mL. Notably, the water extracts, which were almost devoid of piperamide alkaloids, were not active against the bacterial strains. Our results demonstrate that P. guineense contains antibacterial alkaloids that could be relevant for the discovery of new natural antibiotics.

scholarly journals DELONIX REGIA BOJ. EX. HOOK RAFFIN; FAMILY: FABACEAE, BARK METHANOL EXTRACT PHYTOCHEMICAL PROFILE AND POTENTIAL THERAPEUTIC EVALUATION

2020 ◽  
pp. 100-105
Author(s):  
ARPITHA SHIVAMALLU ◽  
SHAILASREE SEKHAR
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Charge Ratio ◽  
Delonix Regia ◽  
Human Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Mcf 7

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer potencies of the Delonix regia bark, a first of its kind. Methods: The bark was extracted sequentially in Soxhlet apparatus with hexane, chloroform, and methanol in the increasing order of polarity. These extracts were subjected to find its antioxidant activity and total phenol content. Antibacterial activity against human pathogenic bacteria was tested. The anti-inflammatory properties were elucidated by its capacity to inhibit 15-lipoxygenase (LOX) and human cyclooxygenase (COX)-2. Cell cytotoxic capacity was evaluated against MCF-7 cells breast cancer cell lines. Results: Liquid chromatography (LC)-Mass Spectroscopy (MS) fingerprint of the methanol extract identified a total of 14 polyphenols, of which five were structurally characterized based on their mass-charge ratio [M-H]− peak, UV-vis absorption in comparison to published data. Antibacterial activity by disk diffusion inhibited human pathogenic bacteria. Bacterial biofilm inhibition capacity of extract (750 mg) imaged by confocal laser scanning microscopy revealed loss of microcolonies. Extract when tested for 15-LOX inhibition exhibited IC50 values of 94.5 ± 1.23 mg.mL−1 by enzyme kinetics studies using spectrophotometric techniques. Similarly, it could inhibit COX-2 enzyme at relatively lower concentrations (32.18 ± 1.91 mg.mL−1). Further, it quenched free radicals produced by Fentons’ reagent studied by DNS-nicking assay indicating its strong antioxidant property with the capacity to protect DNA. In vitro cytotoxicity was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphynyl tetrazolium bromide assay and apoptosis induced in MCF-7 cells was assessed morphologically. Conclusion: Our data suggest that D. regia bark methanol extract exerts its therapeutic activity for further pharmaceutical evaluations. Further studies are necessary to determine the mechanisms of these pharmacological properties.

Reducing Pathogens by Using Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Acetic Acid in Sheep Meat

2014 ◽  
Vol 77 (9) ◽  
pp. 1599-1604 ◽  
Author(s):  
MAHBOUBEH MIRHOSSEINI ◽  
VAHID ARJMAND
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Zno Nanoparticles ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Sheep Meat

Practical applications of different concentrations (0, 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 mM) of zinc oxide (ZnO) suspensions containing 1% acetic acid were investigated against the pathogenic bacteria Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus cereus. ZnO suspensions (0, 1, 3, 6, and 8 mM) containing acetic acid had a significant inhibitory effect on the growth of L. monocytogenes, E. coli, and S. aureus during 12 h of incubation, and the 8 mM suspensions of ZnO were the most effective against all the strains. These data suggested that the antibacterial activity of ZnO was concentration dependent. Thus, 6 and 8 mM ZnO were selected for further studies in meat. ZnO nanoparticles reduced initial growth of all inoculated strains in meat. To our knowledge, this is the first report describing the antibacterial activity of ZnO nanoparticles in meat and indicates the potential of these nanoparticles as an antibacterial agent in the food industry.

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