scholarly journals High skeletal muscle mass is associated with increased serum 25(OH)D levels in elderly

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 236
Author(s):  
Verawati Sudarma ◽  
Lukman Halim
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Anthropometric Measurements

Background<br />Low vitamin D has been associated with various health problems. Aging influences body composition, especially body fat and fat-free mass. Anthropometric measurements, such as body weight (BW), body mass index (BMI), body fat (BF), skeletal muscle mass (SMM), waist circumference (WC) and the waist-height ratio (WHtR) represent body composition which many studies proposed will influence serum vitamin D [25(OH)D]. The objective of the present study was to determine which anthropometric measurements were determinants of 25(OH)D levels in elderly.<br /><br />Methods<br />A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 126 elderly (&gt;60 years old) men and women at Pusat Santunan Dalam Keluarga (PUSAKA) Central Jakarta centers. Anthropometric measurements [body mass index (BMI), skeletal muscle mass (SMM), body fat (BF), and waist circumference (WC)] were determined by bioelectrical impedance analysis using the Omron body composition monitor with scales (HBF-375, Omron, Japan). Fasting blood samples were taken to measure 25(OH)D level by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. Multivariate linear regression was used to analyze the data.<br /><br />Results <br />The data showed that BMI, BF, and WC were higher than recommended, while SMM and serum 25(OH)D were lower. When the analysis was done based on sex, there were significant differences in BF, SMM, WHtR, and serum 25(OH)D. In the linear regression multivariate analysis of log 25(OH)D with age and body anthropometric measurements, only SMM reached significance level (β=0.019; p=0.025).<br /><br />Conclusions<br />This study demonstrated a positive association between skeletal muscle mass and serum levels of vitamin D in elderly.

scholarly journals Combining Amino Acid and Vitamin D Supplementation with Exercise Training Increases Skeletal Muscle Mass and Prevent Bone Mineral Density Loss in Participants with Low Muscle Mass

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Ha Cao Thi Thu ◽  
Satoshi Kurose ◽  
Yaeko Fukushima ◽  
Nana Takao ◽  
Natsuko Nakamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Supplement Group

This study evaluated the impact of exercise training with amino acid and vitamin D supplementation on muscle and bone mass in participants with low muscle volume. Twenty-nine Japanese participants (56-84 years old) were enrolled and assigned into the supplement (n=15) and non-supplement (n=14) groups. All participants underwent a 6-month exercise program. Supplements and nutrition support were provided to the participants in the supplement group for 12 weeks. Body composition and whole bone mineral density (BMD) were measured using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. The outcomes, including body composition, whole BMD, and skeletal muscle mass index (SMI), were evaluated twice: pre- and post-intervention. The SMI was 6.51(6.28; 7.14) and 5.58 (5.24; 6.05) (kg/m2) in men and women, respectively. The average SMI change was 0.13% (-0.05%; 0.31%) and 2.33% (-0.88%; 5.48%); [mean (lower; upper quartile)]. The average BMD loss in the non-supplement group was -2.78%, and the BMD increased in the supplement group by 4.34%; there was an absolute difference between the two groups (p<0.05). After the intervention, serum myostatin was changed (p=0.001, non-supplement>supplement), serum vitamin D was increased (p=0.03; supplement>non-supplement), and BMD was maintained (p=0.03, supplement>non-supplement). There was a significant difference in the serum myostatin level at baseline and at 6-month in the non-supplement group, with a mean difference of 483.78 ng/ml (p=0.01). There was no significant improvement in the total lean mass, and handgrip strength. Resistance exercise combined with an amino acid supplement affects muscle and bone mass in the short-term intervention.

scholarly journals Effect of Daily Macadamia Nut Consumption on Anthropometric Indices in Overweight and Obese Men and Women

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 589-589
Author(s):  
Julie Jones ◽  
Sujatha Rajaram ◽  
Celine Heskey ◽  
Rawiwan Sirirat ◽  
Abigail Clarke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Percent Body Fat ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Macadamia Nuts

Abstract Objectives We sought to assess the effect of daily consumption of macadamia nuts as 15% of calories on body weight, BMI, waist circumference, percent body fat and skeletal muscle mass in overweight/obese men and women with elevated cardiometabolic risk. Methods Utilizing a randomized crossover design, we randomized 38 subjects to consume macadamia nuts daily as 15% of calories for 8 weeks (intervention) and their usual diet for 8 weeks (control), with a 2-week washout. Three subjects dropped out early; n = 35 for analysis. Subjects were healthy men and postmenopausal women with a BMI of 25–39, a waist circumference of &gt;101.6 cm for men and &gt;88.9 cm for women, and one additional cardiovascular risk factor (fasting plasma glucose &gt;100 mg/dL, triglycerides ≥150 mg/dl, total cholesterol &gt;200 mg/dL, LDL-C &gt; 100 mg/dL, blood pressure ≥130/85 mmHg or taking anti-hypertensive medication). Macadamia nuts were provided in pre-weighed daily portions as 15% of calories calculated using the Mifflin-St. Jeor equation. Percent body fat and skeletal muscle mass (kg) were determined by bioelectrical impedance analysis. A mixed model analysis was performed with treatment, sequence, phase, and baseline values as fixed-effect terms and subjects as a random-effects term. Results Compared to control, consumption of macadamia nuts led to a mean weight change of –348 g (84.13 vs. 83.78 kg; P = 0.15) a mean BMI change of –0.15 kg/m2 (30.61 vs. 30.47 kg/m2; P = 0.12), and a mean waist circumference change of 0.17 cm (107.41 vs. 107.58 cm; P = 0.61). Percent body fat increased by an average of 0.26% after eating nuts (42.70 vs. 42.96%; P = 0.16). Skeletal muscle mass was slightly but significantly lower after eating nuts with a mean change of –0.237 kg (26.33 vs. 26.09 kg; P = 0.017). Conclusions Daily consumption of high-fat macadamia nuts for eight weeks in overweight and obese individuals did not change anthropometrics including body weight, BMI, waist circumference, and % body fat. Skeletal muscle mass was slightly lowered but likely not clinically relevant. Funding Sources Hort Innovation, Sydney, Australia.

Effects of Protein Intake Beyond Habitual Intakes Associated With Resistance Training on Metabolic Syndrome-Related Parameters, Isokinetic Strength, and Body Composition in Older Women

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 545-552
Author(s):  
Hellen C.G. Nabuco ◽  
Crisieli M. Tomeleri ◽  
Rodrigo R. Fernandes ◽  
Paulo Sugihara Junior ◽  
Edilaine F. Cavalcante ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Score Risk

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of protein intake beyond habitual intakes associated with resistance training on metabolic syndrome (MetS)-related parameters, isokinetic strength, and body composition in health older women. A total of 30 older women (68.8 ± 4.3 years) participated in this investigation and were assigned to receive 35 g of whey protein or placebo combined with resistance training, over 12-weeks, three times per week. Blood samples, blood pressure, dietary intake, strength, and body composition were assessed before and after the intervention period. Two-way analysis of variance for repeated measures was applied for comparisons. Both groups improved the skeletal muscle mass, muscular strength, waist circumference, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein, glucose, resistance, reactance, and MetSZ-score risk. However, the improvements in skeletal muscle mass, waist circumference, and MetSZ-score risk were significantly greater in protein group when compared with control group. Moreover, protein group significantly decreased %body fat when compared with control group. Higher protein intake combined with resistance training promoted greater improvements in skeletal muscle mass, %body fat, waist circumference, and MetSZ-score risk in older women.

scholarly journals Body Composition and Exercise Performance in Youth With a Fontan Circulation: A Bio‐Impedance Based Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (24) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam W. Powell ◽  
Samuel G. Wittekind ◽  
Tarek Alsaied ◽  
Adam M. Lubert ◽  
Clifford Chin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Fontan Circulation ◽  
Z Score

Background Adults with a Fontan circulation tend to have myopenia and elevated adiposity when measured by dual energy x‐ray absorptiometry. Bioelectrical impedance analysis is an alternative validated approach to assess body composition. We used bioelectrical impedance analysis to compare body composition between pediatric patients with a Fontan circulation and control individuals without heart disease. Methods and Results A retrospective chart review identified all patients aged <22 years with a Fontan circulation who presented for cardiopulmonary exercise testing and bioelectrical impedance analysis from April 2019 to January 2020. Data were compared with control subjects tested during the same period. We studied 47 patients with a Fontan circulation (53% boys; 15±3.1 years) and 165 controls (48% boys; 14.4±2.5 years). Fontan status was associated with shorter height, but similar age, sex, and overall body mass. Patients with Fontan had lower lean body mass (−12.0±22%, Z‐score −0.5±1, P =0.005), skeletal muscle mass (−13.6±1.4%; Z‐score, −0.5±1; P =0.004), skeletal muscle indexed to height (−10.3±13.3%; Z‐score, −0.5±1; P =0.005), and higher percent body fat (+13.8±18.6%; Z‐score, 0.4±1.2; P =0.03). Greater skeletal muscle mass was associated with higher peak oxygen consumption ( r 2 =0.52, P <0.0001) and oxygen pulse ( r 2 =0.68, P <0.0001). Patients who had suffered a late complication (ie, heart transplant referral or evidence of extracardiac organ dysfunction) of the Fontan operation (13 of 47, 27.7%) had lower skeletal muscle mass ( P =0.048) and higher body fat percentage ( P =0.003). Conclusions The Fontan circulation is associated with marked myopenia and increased adiposity. Higher muscle mass was associated with better exercise capacity. Fontan complications are associated with lower muscle mass and increased adiposity.

scholarly journals The effect of long-term volleyball training on the level of somatic parameters of female volleyball players in various age categories

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e9992
Author(s):  
Petr Kutáč ◽  
David Zahradnik ◽  
Miroslav Krajcigr ◽  
Václav Bunc
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
General Population ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Volleyball Players ◽  
The Mean

Volleyball is an exceedingly popular physical activity in the adolescent population, especially with females. The study objective was to assess the effect of volleyball training and natural ontogenetic development on the somatic parameters of adolescent girls. The study was implemented in a group of 130 female volleyball players (aged 12.3 ± 0.5 – 18.1 ± 0.6 years) along with 283 females from the general population (aged 12.3 ± 0.5 – 18.2 ± 0.5 years). The measured parameters included: body height (cm), body mass (kg), body fat (kg, %), visceral fat (cm2), body water (l), fat free mass (kg) and skeletal muscle mass (kg, %). Starting at the age of 13, the volleyball players had significantly lower body fat ratio and visceral fat values than those in the general population (p < 0.001 in body fat % and p < 0.01 in visceral fat). In volleyball players, the mean body fat (%) values were 17.7 ± 6.6 in 12-year-old players, 16.7 ± 4.9 in 13-year-old players, 18.5 ± 3.9 in 16-year-old players, and 19.3 ± 3.1 in 18-year-old players. In the general population, the mean body fat (%) values were 19.6 ± 6.3 in 12-year-old girls, 21.7 ± 6.4 in 13-year-old girls, 23.4 ± 6.1 in 16-year-old girls, and 25.8 ± 7.0 in 18-year-old girls. The visceral fat (cm2) mean values were 36.4 ± 19.3 in 12-year-old players, 39.2 ± 16.3 in 13-year-old players, 45.7 ± 14.7 in 16-year-old players, and 47.2 ± 12.4 in 18-year-old players. In the general population, the mean visceral fat (cm2) values were 41.4 ± 21.1 in 12-year-old girls, 48.4 ± 21.5 in 13-year-old girls, 58.0 ± 24.7 in 16-year-old girls, and 69.1 ± 43.7 in 18-year-old girls. In volleyball players, lower body fat ratio corresponded with a higher skeletal muscle mass ratio. The differences found in skeletal muscle mass ratio were also significant starting at the age of 13 (p < 0.001). The mean skeletal muscle mass (%) values were 44.1 ± 3.4 in 12-year-old volleyball players, 45.4 ± 2.5 in 13-year-old players, 45.0 ± 2.2 in 16-year-old players, and 44.7 ± 1.8 in 18-year-old players. In the general population, the mean skeletal muscle mass (%) values were 42.8 ± 3.2 in 12-year-old girls, 42. ± 4.1 in 13-year-old girls, 41.9 ± 3.3 in 16-year-old girls, and 40.6 ± 3.7 in 18-year-old girls. Differences in body composition between the individual age groups were similar between the volleyball players and girls in the general population. The results indicate that regular volleyball training influences the body composition of young females however the development of body composition parameters is subject to their ontogenetic development.

scholarly journals Body Composition in International Sprint Swimmers: Are There Any Relations with Performance?

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (24) ◽  
pp. 9464
Author(s):  
Milivoj Dopsaj ◽  
Ilona Judita Zuoziene ◽  
Radoje Milić ◽  
Evgeni Cherepov ◽  
Vadim Erlikh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Sprint Performance ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Protein

The paper addresses relations between the characteristics of body composition in international sprint swimmers and sprint performance. The research included 82 swimmers of international level (N = 46 male and N = 36 female athletes) from 8 countries. We measured body composition using multifrequency bioelectrical impedance methods with “InBody 720” device. In the case of male swimmers, it was established that the most important statistically significant correlation with sprint performance is seen in variables, which define the quantitative relationship between their fat and muscle with the contractile potential of the body (Protein-Fat Index, r = 0.392, p = 0.007; Index of Body Composition, r = 0.392, p = 0.007; Percent of Skeletal Muscle Mass, r = 0.392, p = 0.016). In the case of female athletes, statistically significant relations with sprint performance were established for variables that define the absolute and relative amount of a contractile component in the body, but also with the variables that define the structure of body fat characteristics (Percent of Skeletal Muscle Mass, r = 0.732, p = 0.000; Free Fat Mass, r = 0.702, p = 0.000; Fat Mass Index, r = −0.642, p = 0.000; Percent of Body Fat, r = −0.621, p = 0.000). Using Multiple Regression Analysis, we managed to predict swimming performance of sprint swimmers with the help of body composition variables, where the models defined explained 35.1 and 75.1% of the mutual variability of performance, for male and female swimmers, respectively. This data clearly demonstrate the importance of body composition control in sprint swimmers as a valuable method for monitoring the efficiency of body adaptation to training process in order to optimize competitive performance.

Somatotype, Body Composition and Explosive Power of Athlete and Non-Athlete

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-34
Author(s):  
Saha Sukanta
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Explosive Power

Abstract The aim of this study was to identify the effect of somatotype and body composition variables on leg explosive power of college level men students. The sample consisted of 500 young college students, divided into two groups: athletes (N= 250) undergoing Bachelor of Physical Education course whose mean age 23.86 ± 0.36 years; and non-athletes (N= 250) college students who do not take part regular physical activities and mean age 22.16 ± 0.88 years. The somatotype was assessed using the Heath & Carter method. Assessing body composition of the subject various anthropometric measurements were taken. Sargent vertical jump test was used to measure leg explosive power. The measures were compared between the two groups using the Student t-test for independent samples. The two groups differed significantly (p≤0.01) in terms of body weight, % body fat, lean body mass, % skeletal muscle mass and somatotype. The findings of the present study showing that athlete have higher mean values in leg explosive power (p≤0.01) than non-athlete. The leg explosive power was positively significantly (p≤0.01) correlated with % skeletal muscle mass, lean body mass, mesomorphy and ectomorphy components of somatotype; on the other hand body weight, height, % body fat, body surface area and endomorphy component of somatotype significantly (p≤0.01) negatively correlated. In conclusion, somatotype and body composition variables are important factors in determining leg explosive power.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Sarcopenic Obesity in Outpatient Public Health Facilities in Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (01) ◽  
pp. 39-54
Author(s):  
Fernanda Bezerra Queiroz Farias ◽  
Cássia Regina de Aguiar Nery Luz ◽  
Adriana Haack de Arruda Dutra
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Strong Correlation ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Sarcopenic Obesity

Obese individuals may have increased fat mass and reduced skeletal muscle mass, It’s sarcopenic obesity. Aimed to investigate the possibility of identifying the obese sarcopenic in ambulatories. This was an integrative literature review using articles indexed in Pubmed, Medline/iHA, Lilacs and Scielo databases. Were found 109 articles in healthy adults since 2014 but 20 have been selected. Most obese care is done where there aren’t densitometry to define body composition. A study compared body fat and water by bioimpedance and densitometry and both showed strong correlation. It’s suggested that it’s possible to properly diagnose sarcopenic obese in outpatient units and propose appropriat strategies.

Vitamin D status is a determinant of skeletal muscle mass in obesity according to body fat percentage

Nutrition ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 801-806 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prapimporn Chattranukulchai Shantavasinkul ◽  
Pariya Phanachet ◽  
Orawan Puchaiwattananon ◽  
La-or Chailurkit ◽  
Tanarat Lepananon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Fat Percentage

scholarly journals The Relationship between Serum Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 Levels and Body Composition Changes after Sleeve Gastrectomy

Obesity Facts ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Masahiro Ohira ◽  
Yasuhiro Watanabe ◽  
Takashi Yamaguchi ◽  
Hiroki Onda ◽  
Shuhei Yamaoka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Body Fat Mass ◽  
Preoperative Serum ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Composition Changes

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> We previously reported that preoperative serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is a predictor of total weight loss percentage (%TWL) after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG). IGF-1 may suppress muscle loss after surgery. IGF-1 almost accurately reflects the growth hormone (GH) secretion status, and GH has lipolytic effects. Therefore, IGF-1 may influence both the maintenance of skeletal muscle and the reduction of adipose tissue after LSG. The identification of the relationship between preoperative serum IGF-1 and body composition changes after LSG can help in understanding the pathophysiology of obesity. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We retrospectively reviewed 72 patients with obesity who underwent LSG and were followed up for 12 months. We analyzed the relationship between preoperative serum IGF-1 levels and body composition changes after LSG. A multiple regression model was used. <b><i>Results:</i></b> LSG led to a significant reduction in body weight. Both body fat mass and skeletal muscle mass decreased after LSG. Preoperative serum IGF-1 levels significantly correlated with %TWL, changes in skeletal muscle mass, and body fat mass after LSG. The multiple regression model showed that preoperative serum IGF-1 levels were related to decreased body fat mass and maintaining skeletal muscle mass after LSG. <b><i>Discussion/Conclusion:</i></b> Preoperative IGF-1 measurement helps predict not only successful weight loss but also decreases body fat mass and maintains skeletal muscle mass after LSG.

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