scholarly journals Cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine for the treatment of Alzheimer and non-Alzheimer dementias

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 379-387
Author(s):  
Nóra Balázs ◽  
Dániel Bereczki ◽  
Tibor Kovács
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Cholinesterase Inhibitors ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Significant Rate ◽  
Aging Societies ◽  
Alzheimer's Dementias

In aging societies, the morbidity and mortality of dementia is increasing at a significant rate, thereby imposing burden on healthcare, economy and the society as well. Patients’ and caregivers’ quality of life and life expectancy are greatly determined by the early diagnosis and the initiation of available symptomatic treatments. Cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine have been the cornerstones of Alzheimer’s therapy for approximately two decades and over the years, more and more experience has been gained on their use in non-Alzheimer’s dementias too. The aim of our work was to provide a comprehensive summary about the use of cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine for the treatment of Alzheimer’s and non-Alzheimers’s dementias.

scholarly journals Case of Cronkhite-Canada Syndrome

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhageerath Raj D. ◽  
B. Ramesh Kumar ◽  
Ankit Vijay Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Supportive Care ◽  
Symptomatic Treatment ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Definitive Treatment ◽  
Cutaneous Manifestations

AbstractCronkhite–Canada syndrome is a nonhereditary syndrome. It is characterized by cutaneous manifestations and gastrointestinal (GI) polyps. Patients may also present with diarrhea and weight loss. Early diagnosis of disease is important to avoid morbidity and mortality. Definitive treatment is not available for Cronkhite–Canada syndrome but supportive care and symptomatic treatment will improve the symptoms and increase the quality of life.

scholarly journals The Changing Face of Cystic Fibrosis and Its Implications for Screening

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lutz Naehrlich
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Newborn Screening ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Preventive Treatment ◽  
Multidisciplinary Care ◽  
The Face

Early diagnosis, multidisciplinary care, and optimized and preventive treatments have changed the face of cystic fibrosis. Life expectancy has been expanded in the last decades. Formerly a pediatric disease, cystic fibrosis has reached adulthood. Mutation-specific treatments will expand treatment options and give hope for further improvement of quality of life and life expectancy. Newborn screening for CF fits perfectly into these care structures and offers the possibility of preventive treatment even before symptoms occur. Especially in countries without screening, newborn screening will fulfill that promise only with increased awareness and new care structures.

Cancer pain management

2014 ◽  
Vol 155 (3) ◽  
pp. 93-99
Author(s):  
Péter Heigl
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Pain Management ◽  
Pain Relief ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Cancer Pain ◽  
Cancer Pain Management ◽  
Medical Activity ◽  
Short Summary ◽  
Adequate Quality

Pain is a significant and alarming symptom of cancer seriously affecting the activity and quality of life of patients. Recent research proved that inadequate analgesia shortens life expectancy. Therefore, pain relief is not only a possibility but a professional, ethical and moral commitment to relieve patients from suffering, as well as ensure their adequate quality of life and human dignity. Proper pain relief can be achieved with medical therapy in most of the cases and the pharmacological alternatives are available in Hungary. Yet medical activity regarding pain relief is far from the desired. This paper gives a short summary of the guidelines on medical pain management focusing particularly on the use of opioids. Orv. Hetil., 2014, 155(3), 93–99.

“Position Paper” Timely Insulinisation in Type 2 Diabetes Patients

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 441-444
Author(s):  
László Barkai ◽  
Nicolae Hâncu ◽  
György Jermendy ◽  
Maya Konstantinova ◽  
Radu Lichiardopol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Insulin Therapy ◽  
Metabolic Control ◽  
Current Medical ◽  
Position Paper ◽  
Medical Evidence

AbstractThe objective of this position paper is to review the current medical evidence andguidelines regarding the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and to issue medicalrecommendations strengthening the timely use of insulin in patients with T2DMuncontrolled on noninsulin therapy. When noninsulin therapy fails to achieve or tomaintain HbA1c targets, insulin therapy is required. Timely insulin therapy couldprovide proper metabolic control that might prevent complications, lead toimprovement of life expectancy and quality of life.

scholarly journals Prediction of all-cause mortality from 24 month trajectories in patient-reported psychological, clinical and quality of life outcomes in uveal melanoma patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen L. Brown ◽  
Peter L. Fisher ◽  
Laura Hope-Stone ◽  
Heinrich Heimann ◽  
Rumana Hussain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Uveal Melanoma ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Tumor Diameter ◽  
Control Variables ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
All Cause Mortality

AbstractA number of patient-reported outcomes (PROs) predict increased mortality after primary cancer treatment. Studies, though, are sometimes affected by methodological limitations. They often use control variables that poorly predict life expectancy, examine only one or two PROs thus not controlling potential confounding by unmeasured PROs, and observe PROs at only a single point in time. To predict all-cause mortality, this study used control variables affording good estimates of life expectancy, conducted multivariate analyses of multiple PROs to identify independent predictors, and monitored PROs two years after diagnosis. We recruited a consecutive sample of 824 patients with uveal melanoma between April 2008 and December 2014. PROs were variables shown to predict mortality in previous studies; anxiety, depression, visual and ocular symptoms, visual function impairment, worry about cancer recurrence, and physical, emotional, social and functional quality of life (QoL), measured 6, 12 and 24 months after diagnosis. We conducted Cox regression analyses with a census date of December 2018. Covariates were age, gender, marital and employment status, self-reported co-morbidities, tumor diameter and thickness, treatment modality and chromosome 3 mutation status, the latter a genetic mutation strongly associated with mortality. Single predictor analyses (with covariates), showed 6-month depression and poorer functional QoL predicting mortality, as did 6–12 month increases in anxiety and 6–12 month decreases in physical and functional QoL. Multivariate analyses using all PROs showed independent prediction by 6-month depression and decreasing QoL over 6–12 months and 12–24 months. Elevated depression scores six months post-diagnosis constituted an increased mortality risk. Early intervention for depressive symptoms may reduce mortality.

scholarly journals Osteoarthritis in pet guinea pigs: an update on diagnosis, treatment and management

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 100-106
Author(s):  
Emma Keeble
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Advanced Disease ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Nutritional Supplements ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Early Age

This article reviews the current literature on osteoarthritis in pet and laboratory guinea pigs. The associated clinical signs, diagnosis and treatment of osteoarthritis in pet guinea pigs will be discussed, with options for analgesia detailed. This condition is thought to be common in pet guinea pigs, even from an early age in some genetic lines, although osteoarthritis often goes undiagnosed in this species until advanced disease is present, posing a major welfare concern. Increasing awareness of this condition in veterinary practitioners should aid early diagnosis in pets and help improve their quality of life. Prevention may be possible using oral protective nutritional supplements to slow down the progression of this disease at an early stage. Lifestyle changes are also discussed for the management of this condition in pet guinea pigs.

Addison’s Disease Presenting with Abdominal Pain

2006 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 102-103
Author(s):  
Tejal Desai ◽  
◽  
Tristan Richardson ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Adrenal Insufficiency ◽  
Unusual Case ◽  
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency ◽  
Prompt Treatment ◽  
Bilateral Destruction ◽  
Important Disease

Primary Adrenal Insufficiency is due to bilateral destruction of the adrenal cortex and has a prevalence of approximately 40-60 per million adults. 1 The commonest cause is autoimmune. 1 Prompt treatment not only restores quality of life but also a normal life expectancy. 2 Here we present an unusual case of primary adrenal insufficiency, which illustrates how such an important disease often provides a diagnostic conundrum.

Cytomegalovirus Retinitis: Diagnosis and Treatment

1993 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 322-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hunter Maclean ◽  
Baljean Dhillon
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Cytomegalovirus Retinitis ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Pathogenic Organism

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a non-pathogenic organism in the immunocompetent, but is a major cause of morbidity and mortality amongst patients with AIDS, and the retina is the commonest site of infection1. If left untreated, patients with CMVR will develop disease in their second eye and ultimately become blind2. However, with correct diagnosis and treatment useful vision can be maintained in the majority of cases. Fifteen to 20% of patients with AIDS will contract cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMVR)3−7 and this may be the AIDS-defining diagnosis though more commonly it occurs months after the diagnosis of AIDS. Given the increasing number of HIV positive patients and their longer survival, it is likely that CMVR will become an increasingly prevalent condition. In these patients loss of sight from CMVR has devastating consequences in terms of loss of independence and quality of life and therefore ophthalmologists and physicians should be aware of the presenting characteristics of CMVR, be familiar with therapy and its complications, and be able to recognize relapsing infection.

scholarly journals Influence of eye diseases on the mortality rate of the population

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-53
Author(s):  
Andrey V Zolotarev ◽  
Elena V Karlova ◽  
Elena V Miroshnichenko
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Eye Diseases ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
The Impact

Evaluating of the correlation between quality of life, life expectancy and mortality rate is an important problem of modern ophthalmology. Many researchers note that eye pathology, which leads to a visual acuity decrease and blindness, has a significant impact on the mortality rate of the population. This review of literature is dedicated to studies examining the impact of eye diseases on the mortality rate of the population. (For citation: Zolotarev AV, Karlova EV, Miroshnichenko EV. Influence of eye diseases on the mortality rate of the population. ­Oph­thal­mology Journal. 2018;11(1):47-53. doi: 10.17816/OV11147-53).

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