A classification study for re-determination of the geographical regions: the case of Turkey

Abstract An analytical method based on inductively coupled plasma/mass spectrometry (ICP/MS) was developed for the determination of 28 mineral elements (Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Sr, Cd, Ag, Ba, Pb, Bi Y, La, Ce, Nd, Pr, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu) in Indian opium samples. The detection limits were found to be in the range of 0.0008–0.45 ng/mL. The recoveries of spiked samples for each element were found to be in the range of 83–106%, with a precision of less than 9%. A total of 124 opium samples from India were analyzed for the distribution pattern of the 28 mineral elements. Quantitative elemental data were subjected to chemometric analysis in order to determine an optimal classifier to evaluate the source of Indian opium. The study indicated that mineral elements might not be the suitable discriminators for the discrimination of licit opium-growing divisions of India. However, the methodology developed and the analytical data on elemental profile may find important forensic application in discriminating Indian opium with that of licit and illicit opium originating from different geographical regions of world.

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Investigation of Streptomyces scabies Causing Potato Scab by Various Detection Techniques, Its Pathogenicity and Determination of Host-Disease Resistance in Potato Germplasm

Pathogens ◽

10.3390/pathogens9090760 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

pp. 760

Author(s):

Sohaib Ismail ◽

Bo Jiang ◽

Zohreh Nasimi ◽

M. Inam-ul-Haq ◽

Naoki Yamamoto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Common Scab ◽

Streptomyces Scabies ◽

Potato Cultivars ◽

Potato Tubers ◽

Streptomyces Species ◽

Detection Techniques ◽

Streptomyces Spp ◽

Geographical Regions

Streptomyces scabies is a Gram-positive bacterial pathogen that causes common scab disease to several crops, particularly in the potato. It is a soil borne pathogen, a very devastating scab pathogen and difficult to manage in the field. Streptomyces has several species that cause common scab such as S. scabiei, S. acidiscabies, S. europaeiscabiei, S. luridiscabiei, S. niveiscabiei, S. puniciscabiei, S. reticuliscabiei, S. stelliscabiei, S. turgidiscabies, S. ipomoeae. Common scab disease harmfully affects potato economic and market value due to the presence of black spots on the tuber. Owing to its genetic diversity and pathogenicity, the determination of pathogen presence in potato fields is still challenging. In this study, S. scabies genetic diversity was measured by surveying five potato-growing areas of Pakistan during the growing season 2019. A total of 50 Streptomyces isolates, including S. scabies, S. acidiscabies, S. griseoflavus were isolated and identified based on morphologic, biochemical and molecular analysis. Virulent confirmation assays confirmed ten virulent strains of Streptomyces spp. On the potato cultivars Cardinal and Santee. Among the Streptomyces species, S. scabies showed the highest scab index, followed by S. acidiscabies and S. griseoflavus by exhibiting the scab-like lesions on potato tubers. Ten potato cultivars were screened against these virulent isolates of Streptomyces. The Faisalabad white variety showed the highest scab index followed By Cardinal, Tourag, Kuroda, Santee, Lady Rosetta, Asterix, Diamant, Faisalabad red and Sadaf. Moreover, genetic diversity and pathogenicity of Streptomyces spp. on potato tubers were also likely diverse in different geographical regions and also potato cultivars. This study represents a contribution to understanding the local interaction between potatoes and Streptomyces spp. in Pakistan. It will aid in supporting a solution for the management of this pathogen around the world.

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A method for complete determination of dimethylsulphoniopropionate (DMSP) in marine macroalgae from different geographical regions

Phycologia ◽

10.2216/i0031-8884-33-3-171.1 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 33 (3) ◽

pp. 171-176 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

U. Karsten ◽

K. Kück ◽

C. Daniel ◽

C. Wiencke ◽

G. O. Kirst

Keyword(s):

Marine Macroalgae ◽

Geographical Regions ◽

Complete Determination

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DETERMINATION OF GENETIC DIVERSITY IN PORTUNUS PELAGICUS (LINNAEUS, 1758) COLLECTED FROM GULF OF MANNAR

International Journal of Advanced Research ◽

10.21474/ijar01/12598 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (03) ◽

pp. 409-420

Author(s):

C. Shibana ◽

◽

P. Subavathy ◽

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Rapd Analysis ◽

Gulf Of Mannar ◽

High Genetic Diversity ◽

Portunus Pelagicus ◽

Specific Level ◽

Main Emphasis ◽

Geographical Regions ◽

High Level

In the present study, the marine crab Portunuspelagicus was screened with 17 primers and made to score polymorphism. The main emphasis of the present study was to assess the genetic diversity at intra specific level among the 3 accessions of P. pelagicus species of Gulf of Mannarusing RAPD markers. RAPD analysis shows that there is a high level of polymorphism among different accessions. From this study, it was understood that each location varied with respect to environmental factors and genetic parameters. The OPB-18, OPB-19, OPC-07 and OPN-06 primers produced distinct, highly reproducible amplification profile for all the screened samples. In the present study, amplification bands ranged between 250 and 663 bp. Maximum numbers of bands were produced by OPN-06 and least by OPB-19. Moderate to high genetic diversity was observed in all geographic samples of P. pelagicus from RAPD analysis. RAPD analysis from three different geographical regions shows clear polymorphic patterns. Thoothukudi and Rameshwaram populations appear in one cluster, while the Kanyakumari populations formed the other cluster indicating a genetic variability and diversity in samples collected from different places.

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Fluctuation range of the concentration of airborne Alternaria conidiospores sampled at different geographical locations in Poland (2010–2011)

Acta Agrobotanica ◽

10.5586/aa.2013.008 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 66 (1) ◽

pp. 65-76 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Idalia Kasprzyk ◽

Aneta Sulborska ◽

Małgorzata Nowak ◽

Agata Szymańska ◽

Joanna Kaczmarek ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Animal Health ◽

Fungal Spores ◽

Agricultural Practices ◽

Environmental Parameters ◽

Plant Diseases ◽

Geographical Regions ◽

Monthly Total ◽

Annual Total

Knowledge of seasonal and diurnal fluctuations of allergenic and phytopathogenic fungal spores in the air and the determination of the influence of weather and environmental parameters on spore concentrations are of great practical use in control of both human and animal health as well as plant diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the dynamics of the occurrence of Alternaria spores in the air at three sites located in different geographical regions of Poland. The study was done from 15 April to 30 September in 2010–2011 in Rzeszów (Carpathian Foothills, south-east Poland), Lublin (Lublin Upland, central east), and Poznań (central west); the distance between the experimental sites ranged from 138 to 441 km. To assess the concentration of Alternaria spores, the volumetric method was used. In both years, the highest concentration of spores was observed in Poznań and the lowest in Rzeszów. In 2010 the annual total, monthly total and maximum spore concentration were higher than in 2011 at all monitoring sites. The greatest concentration of Alternaria spores was recorded in August, followed by July. High spore concentrations were also noted at the beginning of September. The differences in daily concentrations, average concentrations and cumulative numbers of spores were statistically significant. The reasons for this can be related not only to weather parameters, which is often raised in the literature, but also to the type of landscape. Landscape and geo-botanical conditions of Great Poland and Carpathian Foothills greatly differ. In both years, the highest number of Alternaria spores was found in Poznań – the city with the highest urbanization factor and the capital of the region with large-scale farming, connected with the intensification of agricultural practices.

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Analysis of the results of the study on the presence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus (MRSA) in food products of animal origin

Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology ◽

10.15421/nvlvet8722 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 20 (87) ◽

pp. 112-115

Author(s):

T. Kozytska ◽

T. Garkavenko

Keyword(s):

Antibiotic Resistance ◽

Meat Products ◽

Food Products ◽

Animal Origin ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Methicillin Resistant ◽

Geographical Regions ◽

Resistant Strains ◽

Methodological Guidelines

The frequency of Staphylococcus aureus resistance to antibiotics (AB) has significant differences in different countries and geographical regions. The main problem is represented by strains of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus (MRSA), resistant to many ABs. Often, MRSA is transmitted to humans through animal food products. Purpose: investigate animal foods for S. aureus and detect methicillin-resistant strains. Food research was carried out according to ISO 6888-1, ISO 6888-2, MW 15.2-5.3-004:2007, State standard 10444.2. The material for further research was the isolates of S. aureus isolated from different groups of food products of animal origin. Disks containing methicillin (30 mg) and oxacillin (5 mg) and Müller-Hinton nutrient medium were used to determine the sensitivity to AB. The research was conducted by disc diffusion method in accordance with the Methodological Guidelines «Determination of microorganism sensitivity to antibacterial preparations» dated 12/25/2014. In addition, the data of the state veterinary report on the study of milk of cows and determination of antibiotic resistance of cultures isolated from it in 2017 were analyzed. A study on the presence of coagulase-positive Staphylococcus was carried out in food products of animal origin during 2016–2017. During this period, 58 isolates of S. aureus were identified, of which 7 were classified as MRSA, which was an average of 12.1 % of all isolated cultures. The highest amount of MRSA is isolated from chicken meat – 29.0% and meat products – 20.0%, ready-to-eat fish – 16.7% and meat mincer – 6.1%. The 2017 report on antibiotic resistance from all regions of Ukraine was also analyzed for the detection of S. aureus strains resistant to oxacillin. These data were available only for S. aureus isolated from milk from cows suffering from subclinical mastitis. Of the 47 strains of S. aureus, 22 (46.8%) were methicillin-resistant. MRSA poses a serious threat to the health of humans and animals and may be transmitted through food. There is no monitoring system in Ukraine on the detection of resistant strains in food products. A single list of ABs according to which laboratories conducted sensitivity tests was not approved. Therefore, in most cases, the sensitivity of Staphylococcus to oxacillin/methicillin is not determined. We found that, on average, MRSA from animal foods of animal origin in Ukraine is found in 12.1% of cases. Milk of animals, that suffer from subclinical forms of mastitis, can serve as a source of MRSA for humans, because it was detected in 46.8% of cases.

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Classification of Honeys From Three Geographical Regions Based on Their Quality Control Data

Quality of Life (Banja Luka) - APEIRON ◽

10.7251/qol1201013g ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 5 (1-2) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Slavica Grujić ◽

Jasmin Komić

Keyword(s):

Electrical Conductivity ◽

Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽

Physicochemical Parameters ◽

Black Locust ◽

Refraction Index ◽

Quality Level ◽

North West ◽

The North ◽

Geographical Regions

Characterisation of commercial honeys is a hard task initiated in response to consumers’ demands. They demand basic quality level and determination of geographical and botanical origin. During processing and bottling of honey, there is a possibility of mixing honeys from various origins and quality. The processing could cause honey alterations that can affect the properties and quality, due to the adulteration of high quality honey types with a lower price natural honey. Control of honey requires determination of parameters that could unequivocally establish origin and improve honey characterisation. Nineteen physicochemical parameters (water content, ash, content of Zn, Cd, P, Fe, Cu, Mn, Mg, K, Na, refraction index, density, electrical conductivity, pH, free-acidity, percentage of total sugars, fructose and glucose, and sucrose) were analyzed in 194 samples of 7 nectar honey types (Amorpha, Black Locust, Black Locust and Multifloral, Chestnut, Chestnut and Multifloral, Bast-small-leaved lime and White Linden, Multifloral) from three geographical regions of the North-West Bosnia and Herzegovina. The aim of the study was to find which physicochemical parameters correlated to the geographical origin of the honey. After applying the one-way analysis of variance - ANOVA statistical comparison of analytically measured physicochemical parameters for a given honey types and Turkey’s Multiple Comparison HSD Test, the results showed that the content of ash, Cd, Mn, Mg, K, pH and electrical conductivity was useful for discriminating honeys from three geographical regions of the North-West Bosnia and Herzegovina.

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Comparative Study of Two Different Strategies for Determination of Soluble Solids Content of Apples From Multiple Geographical Regions by Using FT-NIR Spectroscopy

IEEE Access ◽

10.1109/access.2019.2958841 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

pp. 179734-179745 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Guangzhao Tian ◽

Xiaona Li ◽

Baohua Zhang ◽

Jun Zhou ◽

Baoxing Gu

Keyword(s):

Comparative Study ◽

Nir Spectroscopy ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Soluble Solids Content ◽

Geographical Regions ◽

Solids Content

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An Improved HILIC HPLC-MS/MS Method for the Determination of β-ODAP and Its α Isomer in Lathyrus sativus

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules24173043 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 24 (17) ◽

pp. 3043

Author(s):

Andreia Bento-Silva ◽

Letice Gonçalves ◽

Elsa Mecha ◽

Filipe Pereira ◽

Maria Carlota Vaz Patto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lathyrus Sativus ◽

Moderate Correlation ◽

Grass Pea ◽

Hydrophilic Interaction ◽

Motor Neuron Degeneration ◽

Neuron Degeneration ◽

Protein Amino Acid ◽

Geographical Regions ◽

Diaminopropionic Acid

β-N-Oxalyl-l-α,β-diaminopropionic acid (β-ODAP) is a non-protein amino acid present in Lathyrus sativus (grass pea) and other Lathyrus species, in parallel with its nontoxic isomer, α-ODAP. When consuming grass pea for several months as staple food, β-ODAP may cause neurolathyrism, a motor neuron degeneration syndrome. Therefore, the independent quantification of both ODAP isomers instead of only the total amount in grass pea allows the identification of less toxic varieties and the development of tools to support breeding for improving grass pea quality. In this work, a simple and fast HPLC-MS/MS method was developed without sample derivatization, using a hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) column and an isocratic gradient of eluents for 18 min, which allowed the determination of both α- and β-ODAP. The proposed method was fully validated and applied to the determination of α- and β-ODAP contents in a diverse collection of 107 grass pea accessions representative of the main grass pea-growing geographical regions in the world, with the prompt identification of contrasting accessions. β-ODAP content in the analyzed grass pea samples ranged from 0.45 ± 0.02 to 6.04 ± 0.45 mg g−1. The moderate correlation found between α- and β-ODAP contents (0.65) in this collection reinforces the importance of the independent quantification of both ODAP isomers.

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