scholarly journals Information-Structure strategies in English/Spanish translation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ángel Luis Jiménez-Fernández

This paper discusses information structure-based strategies that could be used in translating from English to Spanish. It is widely observed that many problems arise in translation when establishing the theme/topic and providing the focus content in the target language, given the grammatical instruments available in the source language. It is extremely important to use similar discourse mechanisms to present the same message in exactly the same terms from an information-structure point of view. This means that the syntactic configuration may be different in the source and target texts. I focus on three information structure phenomena, namely Passive, Topic Fronting and Negative Preposing in the two languages, to analyse the preservation of the discourse flow in various translations for the optimal use of the relevant constructions.

2020 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 494-497
Author(s):  
B. Mizamkhan ◽  
◽  
T. Kalibekuly ◽  

The term “culture-specific vocabulary” appeared in the 1980s. Problems of translating culture-specific terms from one language to another have always been a serious issue for translators. It causes even more problems if the languages being compared belong to different language groups and represent different cultures. Nevertheless, the study of culture-specific vocabulary helps to achieve the adequacy of translation, which in turn helps speakers of different languages ​​and cultures to achieve mutual understanding. The above emphasizes the relevance and timeliness of the study of translation from the point of view of cultural linguistics. This paper will examine the peculiarities of translating culture-specific terms from Kazakh into English. It provides different methods of translating cultural connotations, taking into account the ways of living and thinking, as well the historical and cultural backgrounds embedded in the source language (hereafter SL) and target language (hereafter TL). These methods will be analyzed using specific examples, originals and translations of such works as “The Path of Abai” by Mukhtar Auezov and “Nomads” by Ilyas Yessenberlin. Therefore, the main aim of the paper is to try to explain main approaches and theories needed for adequate understanding of different cultures through translation.


2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Sandro Nielsen

A long-established approach to legal translation focuses on terminological equivalence making translators strictly follow the words of source texts. Recent research suggests that there is room for some creativity allowing translators to deviate from the source texts. However, little attention is given to genre conventions in source texts and the ways in which they can best be translated. I propose that translators of statutes with an informative function in expert-to-expert communication may be allowed limited translational creativity when translating specific types of genre convention. This creativity is a result of translators adopting either a source-language or a targetlanguage oriented strategy and is limited by the pragmatic principle of co-operation. Examples of translation options are provided illustrating the different results in target texts. The use of a target-language oriented strategy leads to target texts that contain genre conventions expected by the target audience and at the same time retain the substantive legal contents of source texts. This, I argue, results in translations that are both factually and conventionally correct seen from the point of view of the intended target audience.


2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Yoharwan Dwi Sudarto ◽  
Suhartono Suhartono ◽  
Mintowati Mintowati

This study describes the technique in translation which is used in the TV show National Geographic. The technique is from Molina and Albir. This research is aiming to discover the culture adaptation, addition and reduction, literal translation, linguistic adaptation in the subtitle from source language to target language. This research is started by choosing the show, transcripting the English, and rewriting the subtitle on the screen. After that, the data is analyzed from the culture adaptation point of view in translating English into Indonesian. The result of this research showed that there is culture adaptation in translating English as source language into Indonesian as target language. First point is the cultural adaptation which adapts with the habit of communicating in target language. This adaptation needs comprehension of the habit of communication in both language. Second, it is addition and reduction which make the result of translation more informative, short, and logical. Next thing is the literal translation which translates the source language literally. Then the linguistic adaptation which adapts the grammar of source language to target language. The data received had been researched to be analyzed in the translation technique.


2017 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 109-132
Author(s):  
Joke Bossens

One of the challenges every translator has to deal with is the translation of culture-specific elements. The present study approaches the topic from the subtitler’s point of view and examines the strat-egies used in the translation of culture-bound elements in the Dutch subtitles of the ten-part Polish series Dekalog made by Krzysztof Kieślowski. 74 culture-bound elements were found in the original script and compared with their Dutch translation. The applied methods for rendering these culture-specific wordsinto Dutch were categorized into source language oriented and target language oriented strategies following the taxonomy introduced by Pedersen 2005. Finally, theirfrequency was analysed in order to determine to what extent the foreign character of the Polish culture-specific elements in Dekalog has been preserved while rendering them into Dutch.


Babel ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 289-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke Ping

Abstract The problem of translatability or untranslatability is closely related to man's understanding of the nature of language, meaning and translation. From the sociosemiotic point of view, "untranslatables" are fundamentally cases of language use wherein the three categories of sociosemiotic meaning carried by a source expression do not coincide with those of a comparable expression in the target language. Three types of untranslatability, referential, pragmatic, and intralingual may be distinguished. On the understanding that the object of translation is the message instead of the carrier of the message, language-specific norms considered untranslatable by some linguists should be excluded from the realm of untranslatables. And since translation is a communicative event involving the use of verbal signs, the chance of untranslatability in practical translating tasks may be minimized if the communicative situation is taken into account. In a larger sense, the problem of translatabiliiy is one of degrees: the higher the linguistic levels the source language signs carry meaning(s) at, the higher the degree of translatability these signs may display; the lower the levels they carry meaning(s) at, the lower the degree of translatability they may register. Résumé Le problème de la traduisibilité ou de la non-traduisibilité est étroitement lié à la compréhension par l'homme de la nature de la langue, de la signification et de la traduction. Du point de vue socio-sémiotique, les "non-traduisibles" sont fondamentalement des cas d'usage de la langue dans lesquels trois catégories de signification socio-sémiotique transmis par une expression source ne coïncident pas avec ceux d'une expression comparable dans la langue cible. On distingue trois types de "non-traduisibles": référentiels, pragmatiques ou interlangues. Etant entendu que l'objet de la traduction est le message et non le vecteur de ce dernier, des normes spécifiques à la langue, considérées "intraduisibles" par certains linguistes, devraient être exclues du domaine des "intraduisibles". Et comme la traduction est un acte de communication impliquant l'usage de signes verbaux, l'éventualité d' "intraduisibles" lors des tâches de traduction pratique peut être réduite lorsque la situation communicative est prise en considération. Dans un sens plus étendu, le problème de "traduisibilité" est une question de niveaux: plus les signes de la langue source transmettent de significations aux niveaux linguistiques les plus élevés, plus ces signes peuvent mettre en évidence le niveau de traduisibilité; au contraire, plus les niveaux qu'ils transmettent sont inférieurs, plus bas est le niveau de traduisibilité qu'ils enregistrent.


2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 381-389
Author(s):  
Doina Butiurca

AbstractOur research, Transparency and translatability of the terminological metaphor in the domain of the internet, is a contrastive analysis in the topic of the metaphor, especially. The relationship between the common and the special lexicon in the domain of the Internet in the English language as source language, the relationship between the common denominator between the source language and the semantic basis, of equivalence in the target language represent the aims of the research. The languages in which the analysis is carried out are different from the genealogical and typological point of view (the English language on the one hand, the Romance language and Hungarian on the other). The perspective is a descriptive-semasiological one, and the methods applied - the paradigmatic and syntagmatic analysis, the contrastive analysis - are adapted to this perspective. The transparency in the meaning, the degree of translatability, the motivated character of the terminological metaphor, the role of linguistics / of semantics in the terminology of the Internet are only some of the conclusions of the research.


2000 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-267
Author(s):  
Elisabete Ranchhod

Summary The constructions with support verbs raise specific problems in Machine Translation. Within the scope of this note, we first characterise, from a linguistic point of view, the sentences with support verbs. That characterisation will be illustrated by examples from French and Portuguese. The difficulties in the automatic translation of support verbs constructions will be illustrated with examples from Portuguese, taken as source language, and French, taken as target language.


2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-25
Author(s):  
Iveta Dinžíková

This article studies the phrasemes comprising an ethnonym in the source language (French) as well as the target language (Slovak). This approach is contrastive and the phrasemes have been classified according to the type of equivalence (total equivalent, partial equivalent and phrasemes without equivalent). The aim of the research was to analyse 27 phrasemes with the help of the corpus linguistics method (relative frequency and logDice association measure), and four monolingual corpora (the corpora frTenTen12, skTenTen11, Emolex, prim-7.0-public-all) with approx. 130 million up to approx. 10 billion words in each of them, so it is a fairly wide range of language materials.Firstly, we focus on the current state of French and Slovak phraseology. We present the distribution of phrasemes into three types: general, professional and so-called mixed (of which the last type represents our own proposition). Then, by translating the source language-culture into the target language-culture, we demonstrate the three basic types of phrasemes equivalence but our attention is on the first two types. Afterwards, we present quantitative methods of corpus linguistics (four monolingual corpora, relative frequency and the logDice association measure). Then, we analyse 27 specific phrasemes. This is qualitative analysis (their distribution into three types of equivalence as well as their repair in general, professional and mixed phrasemes), but also quantitative analysis (analysis based on relative frequency and also on logDice association measure). In the end, we demonstrate and evaluate the results of our research.The research objectives are set to find out the frequency of phrasemes in various types of texts and the level of their specificity within the framework of each of the corpora, based on which it is possible to propose which of the phrasemes should be placed at the forefront for looking up an entry and its individual components or a phraseme as a whole, and thus contribute to supporting the creation of current French/Slovak lexicography and phraseography.Moreover, from the point of view of teaching foreign languages, we can use the second type of equivalence as a contrasting factor between French and Slovak language-cultures because they can either easily interfere with other phrasemes of the target language-culture or be not well understood in the target language-culture.


2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-58
Author(s):  
Cristina Nicolae

AbstractThe present article focuses on dubbing understood as a creative process of “adapting” the source language script/verbalized message/soundtrack to the target language script/verbalized message/soundtrack, challenging principles such as fidelity versus freedom in translation, bringing once again to our attention the much debated ‘reality’ pinpointed by the Italian adage “traduttore tradittore”, yet not from the point of view of untranslatability, but from that of the need for “transadaptation” in the interlingual transfer required by the audiovisual industry.


2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-83
Author(s):  
Junlin Gu ◽  
Marina Pimenova

The article discusses using the tenets of the linguistic world picture theory in terms of translation by analyzing the methods of interpreting the inscription on a public sign in a Chinese forest park. When the original and translated fragments of the language pictures of the world are the same or similar, the word-based translation is justified from the standpoint of conveying the pragmatic, semantic and grammatical value of the text. When the language pictures of the world are different and do not correspond to each other, the word combinations phrases of the source language cannot be literally translated into the target language. The word-based translation in such cases is a dead translation that will cause translational errors. Using the semantics of the source language, the translator must reconstruct the picture of the world in the target language in order to convey the pragmatic value of the original. The difference between languages is the manner they reflect the picture of the world. Various languages fix various worldviews. The characteristics of each particular language are limited by the linguistic consciousness of people who use the language. This individual worldview is also a unique view of the world. The theory of the language picture of the world contains a linguistic study of the relationship between the language, the thinking and the reality from a cognitive point of view. It begins with linguistic facts and refers to the cultural characteristics of peoples and differences in their thinking, expressed in the linguistic facts. Its essence lies in the cognitive reproduction of the objective world in the human mind, which is the subject of knowledge based on his own perceptual experience and the language of his national culture. The theory of the language picture of the world lies in the fact that it interprets the cultural heritage of the certain people from the point of view of the language. The characteristics of each particular language are limited by the language consciousness of people. Different languages are, in fact, different worldviews, which is an expression of the unique language pictures of the world.


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