scholarly journals Analysis of caesarean section in a tertiary care hospital, Assam, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 1514
Author(s):  
Alaka Banerjee ◽  
Banasree Bhadra ◽  
Kiriti R. Dey
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
World Health ◽  
Multiple Gestation ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Foetal Distress ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Evidenced Based ◽  
Health Organization

Background: One of the commonest surgery performed worldwide is caesarean Section (CS). The World Health Organization (WHO) has identified an ideal caesarean section (CS) rate for a nation of around 10-15%. In recent times the proportion of delivery conducted by caesarean section has increased.Methods: This is a retrospective study of all the caesarean deliveries performed between 1st January 2010 to 31st December 2018 in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology in Silchar Medical College. The caesarean rate was calculated as: (total number of caesarean deliveries/ total number of deliveries) × 100. The indications for CS included foetal distress, malpresentation, previous caesarean section, multiple gestation, failed induction, failed progression, cephalopelvic disproportion, maternal indications, obstetric indication and foetal indications.Results: During the study period a total of 75685 patients delivered. 25805 patients had undergone CS with the CS rate being around 34.1%. Majority of the CS (75.6%) were performed as emergency procedure. Maximum number of patients were between 21-30 years (73.24%) and 54.47% were primipara. Majority of the patients (68.37%) belonged to the rural areas. Foetal distress (32.8%) was the commonest indication followed by post caesarean pregnancy (26.76%).Conclusions: The rate of caesarean section is increasing with time. As primary caesarean section usually determines the lady’s future obstetric course, it is of prime importance to give effort for safe reduction of caesarean. Individualization of the indication and careful evaluation, following standardized guidelines and practice of evidenced-based obstetrics followed by audits in the institution, can help us limit the caesarean rates.

Increment in Phototherapy After Adopting Delayed Cord Clamping Practice

2021 ◽  
pp. 097321792110607
Author(s):  
Chinmay Chetan ◽  
Nishant Banait ◽  
Vikramaditya Athelli ◽  
Bhvya Gupta ◽  
Prince Pareek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
World Health ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Delayed Cord Clamping ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Cord Clamping ◽  
Early Cord Clamping ◽  
Baseline Characteristics ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Larger Sample

Introduction: World Health Organization (WHO) in 2014 recommended delayed cord clamping (DCC) in all babies who cry immediately after birth. Despite many benefits, there are concerns of increased rate of phototherapy in babies receiving DCC. This study was done to determine the increment in the rate of phototherapy required in infants managed with DCC vs infants managed with early cord clamping (ECC). Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in Pune, India. All the infants born between January 2018 and July 2018, for whom ECC was done, were compared with infants who were born between January 2019 and July 2019, after DCC policy was adopted. All the infants with birth weight ≥2 kg and gestation ≥35 weeks, who were with their mother, were included. Baseline characteristics were compared for both the groups. American Academy of Pediatrics guidelines for treatment of neonatal jaundice were used to determine the need for phototherapy. Number of infants in both the groups who required phototherapy were compared. Results: The ECC group had 565 infants while DCC group had 731 infants. There was no difference in the baseline characteristics of the 2 groups. Jaundice requiring phototherapy was noted in 31% of infants in the ECC group, compared to 45% in infants in the DCC group (relative risk: 1.47 [1.27-1.71] [ P < .001]). Conclusion: In this study, DCC increased the need for phototherapy by 47% in late preterm and term infants. Randomized control trials with larger sample size are required to confirm this finding.

scholarly journals Trends of caesarean section: an analytical overview of indications

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 288
Author(s):  
Shruti A. Gavhane ◽  
Shilpa N. Chaudhari
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Caesarean Delivery ◽  
Graphical Representation ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Evidenced Based

Background: Caesarean section is one of the commonly performed surgical procedures in obstetrics. An increasing trend has been observed in both primary and repeat caesarean sections. The reasons for its increase are multifaceted. So, this study was carried out to compare the rates of caesarean delivery and to analyse various indications contributing to it.Methods: This retrospective study was conducted over a period of three year from 1st January 2016 to 31st December 2018 at the department of obstetrics and gynaecology, tertiary care hospital Pune, Maharashtra, India. All caesarean delivery (primary and repeat) taken place during the study period. The rate and indications of caesarean section was calculated over the study period to find out the trends in caesarean delivery. The data so collected was presented with graphical representation. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS software and t-test was used for continuous data and pearson chi square test for discrete data.Results: There were a total of 12373 deliveries during the study period out of which, 3701 had delivered via Caesarean Section. So, the rate of caesarean section in the study was found to be 29.91%.Conclusions: Being a tertiary care hospital, a high rate of caesarean deliveries was observed, Individualization of the indication and careful evaluation, following standardized guidelines, practice of evidenced-based obstetrics and audits in the institution, can help us limit caesarean section rates.

scholarly journals Relationship between Radiological Findings with Bacterial Etiology of Community Acquired Pneumonia in Pediatric Population

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nidhi Pandey ◽  
Garima Mittal ◽  
Nitika Agarwal ◽  
Barnali Kakati ◽  
R.K. Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Radiological Finding ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Lower Lobe ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
World Health ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
The Right

Pneumonia continues to be a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children. Pneumonia is the leading killer of children worldwide. For the diagnosis of pneumonia, the World Health Organization has introduced guidelines for the management of cases to reduce the mortality of these diseases on the basis of simple clinical signs followed by the empirical treatment with antibiotics. More than 99% of deaths related to pneumonia among children occur in countries having a low and middle income. To study the Radiological finding of Community-Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) in children. Across sectional study was conducted in which the sample size for the study was calculated from the expected prevalence of CAP based on other studies (74%). The sample size calculated by the required criterion for this study is 96. I was able to cover 118 patients as per the inclusion criteria in this study. The Patients of pediatric age groups and either sex attending tertiary care hospital with complaints suggestive of CAP. In this study total number of patients are 118 included who presented with the signs and symptoms suggestive of pneumonia. The findings of chest X-Ray of Right Lung with respect to different bacterial agents. Consolidation of the Right upper lobe is found to be statistically significant with respect to Streptococcus pneumonia and consolidation of the right lower lobe is found to be statistically significant with respect to bacteria Staphylococcus aureus whereas there is no statistically significant association with respect to other bacteria. The radiological finding of CAP in children attending pediatric OPD was observed that there was no association with any other bacteria.

scholarly journals Drug utilization study in otorhinolaryngology outpatient department in a tertiary care teaching hospital

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 572
Author(s):  
Sumalatha R. ◽  
Nagabushan H. ◽  
Hanumanth Prasad M.
Keyword(s):  
Drug Utilization ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
World Health ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Drug Utilization Study ◽  
Health Organization

Background: Drug utilization research is defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as marketing, distribution, prescription, and use of drugs in society, with special emphasis on the resulting medical, social, and economic consequences. Drug utilization study identifies the problems that arise from prescription and highlights the current approaches to the rational use of drugs. The main aim of the study is to assess the pattern of drug usage and the rationality of drug use in Otorhinolaryngology out-patient department (OPD).Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in the OPD of Otorhinolaryngology at tertiary care hospital, Mandya, Karnataka, over a period of one year. Prescriptions of all OPD patients were collected, relevant information entered in a specially designed proforma and analysed using descriptive statistics.Results: A total of 21058 drugs were prescribed out of 8028 prescriptions. Majority of the patients were male (51%). Antimicrobials were the most commonly prescribed drugs (28%), followed by antihistamines (25%), antipyretics (20.5%).Most of the drugs 18576 (88.2%) were prescribed by oral route, followed by topical route. Majority of the drugs were prescribed by the generic names (86.5%). Most common type of infection was ear infection (3176), followed by throat infection (2848) and nose infection (2004).Conclusions: The present study showed that among antimicrobial agents, β lactams were commonly prescribed drugs in the department of Otorhinolaryngology. The maximum number of cases was diagnosed with ear infections and majority of the drugs were prescribed orally.

scholarly journals Socio-demographic factors associated with low birth weight in a tertiary care hospital of Odisha

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1797
Author(s):  
Pradip Kumar Bhue ◽  
Himansu Prasad Acharya ◽  
Subrat Kumar Pradhan ◽  
Pratima Biswal ◽  
Amit Pritam Swain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Health Organization

Background: World Health Organization has defined low birth weight (LBW) as birth weight less than 2,500 grams. Giving birth to a LBW infant is influenced by several factors. Objective of the study was to measure the proportion of low birth weight babies delivered in V.S.S medical college and hospital, Burla and its association with socio-demographic factors.Methods: Hospital based cross -sectional study comprising of 1030 postnatal women who delivered single live baby in V.S.S Medical College and Hospital, Burla. Selection of study participants was done by systematic random sampling in the study period October 2012 to September 2014. Chi-square test was used to measure association between LBW and socio-demographic factors.Results: The proportion of LBW was found to be 27.76%. The proportion of LBW babies was high and significant in extremes of age i.e. teenage (44.19%) and 30 years and above age group (39.56%) and Muslim mothers (36.36%), illiterate mothers (53.52 %), manual labourer (67.14%), socioeconomic class IV and V (32.98%), consanguinity history (60.58%), smoky fuel (30.02%), consumption of tobacco (49.11%).Conclusions: The proportion of LBW (27.76%) was found to be higher than national average (21.5%).

IMPACT OF KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICE OF HAND HYGIENE IN HEALTH CARE WORKERS TOWARD INFECTION CONTROL MEASURES IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN INDIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 69-71
Author(s):  
Ruby Naz ◽  
Akil Hussain ◽  
Sameena Khan
Keyword(s):  
Health Workers ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
World Health ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Indirect Contact ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Hospital acquired infections (HAIs) are a major concern in the intensive care units (ICU)and postoperative wards. HAIs prolonged the stay of patient in hospital and increase the cost of treatment and morbidity. In ICU, stroke unit, neurosurgery ward burn unit patients are prone to have a variety of nosocomial infections. The World Health Organization (WHO) has described HAIs as one of the infectious diseases which have a huge economic impact on health industry. (1). many health workers like Staff Nurses, resident doctors and housekeeping are in direct or indirect contact with the Patients and surrounding in wards around the clock. These HCW play major role in preventing and controlling HAIs. In overpopulated country like India majority of public hospitals are overcrowded.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF ADVERSE DRUG REACTION IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 347
Author(s):  
Dolly Roy ◽  
Ayan Purkayastha ◽  
Rohit Tigga
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Drug Reaction ◽  
Drug Reaction ◽  
Anaphylactic Reaction ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Iron Sucrose ◽  
World Health ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Monitoring Centre ◽  
Health Organization

ABSTRACTObjectives: Adverse drug reaction (ADR) is an important cause of morbidity, mortality, and prolonged hospitalization. The objective of this study is tomeasure the incidence, types, and nature of ADR in a tertiary care hospital located in Silchar, Assam.Methods: A retrospective noninterventional analysis of all ADRs reported by ADR Monitoring Centre, Department of Pharmacology, Silchar MedicalCollege, from March 2014 to February 2015 was performed. A total of 162 predesigned forms were used for collection of data. All forms were dulychecked for completeness, if not, they were rejected.Results: A total of 162 forms were assessed of which 96 (59%) were females and 66 (41%) were males. The distribution of ADRs in different age groupswere found to be 3 (1.85%) in 0-15 years, 71 (43.82%) in 16-30 years, 65 (40.12%) in 31-45 years, 8 (4.93%) in 46-60 years, and 15 (9.25%) in agegroup >60 years. 150 (92.6%) of the ADRs were serious and 12 (7.4%) were not serious. As per the World Health Organization causality assessmentscale, 120 (74.07%) were probable and 42 (25.92%) were possible. The most common ADR was anaphylactic reaction (AR) in 69 (42.59%) patients.The drugs which commonly caused ADR were iron sucrose infusions, nevirapine, cephalosporins, antiprotozoals, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatorydrugs, and quinolones followed by others.Conclusion: The majority of ADRs were probable. The most common ADR was AR caused by iron sucrose infusion. Different drugs caused differentADRs. ADRs thereby increase morbidity and mortality in patients as well as socioeconomic burden.Keywords: Adverse drug reaction, Anaphylactic reaction, Iron sucrose infusion, Noninterventional, Retrospective analysis.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF USE OF ANALGESICS IN PAIN MANAGEMENT AMONG SURGEONS IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 124
Author(s):  
Jayshree Dawane ◽  
Kalyani Khade ◽  
Yamini Ingale ◽  
Vijaya Pandit
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
World Health ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Analog Scale ◽  
The World ◽  
Hospital Patients ◽  
Health Organization

Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate pain and to assess if analgesic prescriptions are according to the World Health Organization guidelines. Methods: The study was conducted in the Department of Surgery in a tertiary care hospital. Patients with age >18 years, of either sex, admitted to surgery ward were included in the study. Pain assessment was done using a visual analog scale and McGill questionnaire. Information obtained from case paper sheets was recorded, such as name of analgesics, the generic name of prescribed analgesics, dosage, route of administration, frequency, number of analgesics per prescription, and non-pharmacological techniques. Data generated from the questionnaire were entered into an Excel sheet, and percentages were calculated. Results: A total of eight different analgesics were prescribed in the study group. Paracetamol was the maximally prescribed drug (40%). In 48% of cases, antacids were given along with analgesics. A majority of analgesics were prescribed in generic names (52%). No drug was prescribed to almost 18% cases even though the pain intensity was of mild-to-moderate intensity. Conclusion: Commonly prescribed drugs were paracetamol + tramadol. Prescription pattern of analgesics is partially deviating from standard guidelines. Generic names were written in the majority of prescriptions, which is in accordance with standard prescription writing.

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