scholarly journals Pancytopenia: etiologies and manifestation in eastern India

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 5212
Author(s):  
Vikram Singh ◽  
Mridu Singh ◽  
Prem Shankar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Megaloblastic Anemia ◽  
Megaloblastic Anaemia ◽  
Western World ◽  
Simultaneous Presence ◽  
Eastern India ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Biochemical Investigation ◽  
Kala Azar

Background: Pancytopenia is the simultaneous presence of anemia, leucopenia and thrombocytopenia. The aetiologies causing pancytopenia varies depending upon factors e.g. age, sex, occupation, and geographical distribution. Unfortunately, the major treatises of haematology give more emphasis to Aplastic anaemia; while Megaloblastic anaemia is more common in developing countries than western world. Therefore, this Observational study was carried out over a period of two years in the Department of Medicine of Institute of Medical Sciences (IMS), BHU with the aim to identify etiologies of pancytopenia and its manifestation in eastern India.Methods: All the patients with features of anemia, thrombocytopenia or leukopenia were screened for pancytopenia and a total 214 cases were selected. A detailed physical examination, hematological and biochemical investigation was done.Results: The most common cause of pancytopenia in our study was Aplastic anemic (36.9%) followed by Megaloblastic anaemia (18.7%), Kala-azar (11.7%) and Myelodysplastic syndrome (10.5%).Conclusions: Megaloblastic anemia should be considered as important cause of Pancytopenia, especially when serum LDH level of patient is raised. 

A study of clinico-haematological profiles of pancytopenia in children

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 241-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Gupta ◽  
S Tripathi ◽  
V Tilak ◽  
B D Bhatia
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Bone Marrow Aspiration ◽  
Megaloblastic Anaemia ◽  
Trephine Biopsy ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Detailed History ◽  
The Third ◽  
Kala Azar ◽  
Haematological Profile

We report on the clinico-haematological profile of pancytopenia in children from the Departments of Pediatrics and Pathology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, India, over a period of 30 months. Pancytopenia was defined as: haemoglobin <10 g/dL, absolute neutrophil count 1.5 × 109/L and platelet count <100 × 109/L. A detailed history, clinical examination and haematological parameters were recorded. Bone marrow aspiration and trephine biopsy were carried out in all cases. One hundred and five cases aged 1.5–18 years, with a mean age of 8.6 years, were included in the study. Aplastic anaemia was the most common cause of pancytopenia (43%) followed by acute leukaemia (25%). Infections were the third most common cause of pancytopenia of which kala azar was the most common. Megaloblastic anaemia was seen in 6.7%.

CLINICO HEMATOLOGICAL PROFILE OF PATIENTS WITH PANCYTOPENIA- A THREE-YEAR STUDY

2021 ◽  
pp. 65-66
Author(s):  
Sarita Devdhar ◽  
Manjari Kishore ◽  
Pallavi Sharma ◽  
Roopak Aggarwal
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Folic Acid ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Megaloblastic Anaemia ◽  
International Institute ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Bone Marrow Aplasia ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Underlying Pathology

Background: Pancytopenia is a relatively common hematological entity. It may result from relatively benign causes such as viral infections and vitamin B12/folic acid deciency to more fatal bone marrow aplasia and leukaemias. The severity of pancytopenia and the underlying pathology determine the management and prognosis. Objectives: To study the etiology and clinic-hematological prole in patients of peripheral blood pancytopenia. Materials And Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted at G S Medical College, Hapur and Noida international institute of Medical Sciences Greater Noida, during the period of November 2017 to November 2020 Results: A total of 192 patients (103 males and 89 females) were diagnosed to have pancytopenia. Most of the patients presented with generalized weakness and fever. The commonest physical nding was pallor, followed by splenomegaly. The various causes of pancytopenia included infections(n=132), megaloblastic anaemia (MA)(n=46), drugs, aplastic anaemia and subleukaemic leukaemia. We found a signicant association between megaloblastic anaemia and pancytopenia. Conclusion: The present study concluded that infection and megaloblastic anaemia are the most common cause of pancytopenia. The more serious disorders affecting the bone marrow constitute only <5% of all cases of pancytopenia.

scholarly journals Nutritional Status as an Important Factor in the Health Status of the Adult

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
J.H.P. Jonxis
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Fat Metabolism ◽  
Western World ◽  
First Year ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Permanent Damage ◽  
The Individual ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
Breast Fed

Malnutrition in the first year of life may cause permanent damage to the individual. There may be a permanent retardation in growth if the malnutrition is a serious one and the food intake is severely insufficient over a longer, period. Specially when malnutrition occurs in the first months after birth, it may cause damage to the central nervous system.As long as the breast-fed child gets enough breastmilk, it is unlikely that serious problems  arise. The declinein feeding in many developing countries is a serious problem, especially because the alternatives for human milk are not always available, owing to economic factors. In the, countries of the Western world there exists just, the opposite problem owing to partial over-nutrition abnormalities in fat metabolism may occur, which may influence the health of the individual later on in life.

scholarly journals Morbidity pattern and outcome of children admitted to a paediatric intensive care unit of Eastern India

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 486
Author(s):  
Bandya Sahoo ◽  
Sibabratta Patnaik ◽  
Reshmi Mishra ◽  
Mukesh Kumar Jain
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Medical Advice ◽  
Eastern India ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Against Medical Advice ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Paediatric Critical Care ◽  
Overall Mortality

Background: In developing countries, there is scarce data on paediatric critical care. This makes modification of practices to improve outcome, difficult. The above study was done to highlight the lack of facilities and concept of pediatric critical in the eastern part of India so that modification of management can lead to better outcome of critically ill children.Methods: A retrospective study of the demography, clinical profile, diagnosis, treatment and outcome of children admitted to the PICU of Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences from January 2014 to December 2015 was done. Results: A total of 848 children were admitted to the PICU with male and female children being 61.3% and 38.7% respectively. Diagnoses included infectious diseases (20.7%), respiratory disease (19.1%), central nervous system diseases (14.3%), cardiovascular diseases (10.8%), gastrointestinal diseases (7%), surgical problems (4.7%) haematological (4%), renal (3.3%), poisonings (1.4%), and others (14.3%). Out of 848 admitted children, 4.1% died and (1.4%) left against medical advice (8.5%) children received mechanical ventilation, among which (62.5%) improved, 34.7% died and 2.8% children left against medical advice. Multiorgan dysfunction syndrome (MODS) and co-morbidity were present in 25% and 22% respectively. The proportion of death among patients admitted to PICU was 4.1%.Conclusions: The leading cause of admission was infectious and respiratory diseases. Children with MODS and co-morbidity had higher mortality. The overall mortality rate in our PICU was low. We conclude, a well-equipped intensive care unit with modern and innovative facilities leads to a good outcome. 

scholarly journals Symposium: ‘The BRICS, Global Governance, and Challenges for South–South Cooperation in a Post-Western World’

2021 ◽  
pp. 019251212110522
Author(s):  
Niall Duggan ◽  
Bas Hooijmaaijers ◽  
Marek Rewizorski ◽  
Ekaterina Arapova
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Emerging Markets ◽  
Global Governance ◽  
Western World ◽  
The Past ◽  
Power Shift ◽  
Global Power ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Political Economic

Over the past decades, the BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa) countries have experienced significant economic growth. However, their political voices in global governance have not grown on par with their economic surge. The contributions to the symposium ‘The BRICS, Global Governance, and Challenges for South–South Cooperation in a Post-Western World’ argue there is a quest for emerging markets and developing countries to play a more significant role in global governance. There is a widening gap between the actual role of emerging markets and developing countries in the global system and their ability to participate in that system. However, for the moment, various domestic and international political-economic challenges limit this quest. To understand why this is the case, one should understand the BRICS phenomenon in the broader context of the global power shift towards the Global South.

scholarly journals Aryepiglottoplasty for Severe Laryngomalacia

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-12
Author(s):  
Akanksha Saxena ◽  
Madhumita Kumar ◽  
Bini Faizal
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Review ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Favorable Outcome ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Common Cause

ABSTRACT Laryngomalacia is the most common cause of stridor in children below the age of 1 year. In majority of the cases it can be managed conservatively, but in severe cases intervention becomes necessary. Objectives To evaluate the outcome of aryepiglottoplasty (Cold steel method) in cases of severe laryngomalacia. Methods Retrospective. Review of medical records of 8 cases treated in Department of ENT, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences from 2006 to 2011. Results Seven out of eight children had a favorable outcome. Conclusion Aryepiglottoplasty (Cold steel method) is an efficient, simple and low cost method for treating severe cases of laryngomalacia. How to cite this article Saxena A, Kumar M, Faizal B. Aryepiglottoplasty for Severe Laryngomalacia. Int J Phonosurg Laryngol 2014;4(1):10-12.

scholarly journals Demographic profile of Acute Pancreatitis in Eastern India: A Single Centre Experience

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 24-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dibyendu Mukherjee ◽  
Shantanu Bhakta ◽  
Sandeep Lahiry ◽  
Rajasree Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Eastern India ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Single Centre Experience ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Gender Groups

Background: Little is known about the etiological risk factors of acute pancreatitis (AP) in Eastern India. Aims and Objective: The aim of this study is to assess current trends etiology of AP in Eastern India. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study with cross-sectional design was undertaken based on available medical records of patients admit between January 2014 and January 2017 with physician-assigned diagnoses of AP at KPC Medical College & Hospital, Kolkata (n = 234). Multivariate analyses were done to identify risk factors, and distribution was compared on the basis gender. Groups were selected on the basis of a working diagnosis. A stratified comparison was done in 3 commonest etiology groups identified: ‘alcohol’, ‘non-alcohol’ and ‘idiopathic’.Results: The commonest etiology was attributed to alcohol (29.4%), idiopathic cause (20.5%), and obstructive cause (14.5%). Prevalence of AP was higher with alcoholism in men (37% vs. 10.8%; p < 00.1), however, other causes like idiopathic cause (12.3% vs. 37.8%), duct obstruction (1.2% vs. 43.2%), obesity (6.1% vs. 24.3%), and hypertriglyceridemia (6.1% vs. 14.8%) were higher among females ( p < 0.001 for all comparisons). Compared to non-alcoholics, patients with idiopathic AP were more likely to be overweight ( p = 0.019) and have T2 DM ( p = 0.021). Moreover, impact assessment of T2 DM status further revealed that the risk of AP was even greater with obesity (Odds Ratio [OR] 1.37; 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 0.57 – 3.26; p = 0.047) and smoking (OR 1.72; 95% CI 1.0 – 2.97; p = 0.049). Eighteen cases (7.7%) of ‘severe’ AP were identified, mostly due to: trauma in 6 (2.5%), idiopathic in 6 (2.5%), gallstones in 4 (1.7%), and alcoholism in 2 (0.8%).Conclusion: Alcohol intake is the predominant etiological risk factor for acute pancreatitis in Eastern India. Gender and type 2 diabetes mellitus are important contributory determinants.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.8(6) 2017 24-29

scholarly journals A study of the clinical profile of atrial fibrillation in a tertiary care super-specialty referral centre in Central Nepal

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 9-16
Author(s):  
MP Gautam ◽  
S Gautam ◽  
S Guru Prasad ◽  
G Subramanyam ◽  
U Ghimire
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Airway Disease ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Lone Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Echocardiographic Study ◽  
Surface Ecg

Background The conventional causes and risk factors for atrial fibrillation (AF) are somewhat arbitrary; overlap exists, multiple aetiologies are often present in one individual, and clinical presentation is non- specific. This study was an attempt to study the clinical and echocardiographic profile of patients with AF in a tertiary care super-specialty hospital of a developing country. Materials and Methods This study was conducted in College of Medical Sciences, Chitwan, Nepal throughout the year 2010. Subjects with AF, diagnosed based on clinical history, medical records and surface ECG, were included in the study. The presentation, types and causes of AF and structural as well as functional abnormalities were assessed. Results A total of 136 consecutive subjects were included in the study. The mean age was 42.40 (20.48) years ranging from 17 to 80 years. Majority of the AF subjects were female (54.41%). Among symptomatic cases, palpitation was the most common (23.53%) presentation followed by dyspnea (17.65%) and stroke or transient ischemic attack (15.44%). Asymptomatic presentation was also not uncommon (25%). Persistent AF was the most common form (31.62%). Rheumatic heart disease was the most common cause (33.09%) followed by lone atrial fibrillation (23.52%), coronary artery disease (16.18%), hypertension (8.82%) and thyrotoxicosis (7.35%). Other causes included chronic obstructive airway disease (5.88%), diabetes (2.94%), cardiomyopathy (1.47%), constrictive pericarditis (1.47%), myocarditis (0.74%) and infective endocarditis (0.74%). Nearly 65 % subjects had either structural or functional abnormalities in echocardiographic study; dilated left atrium was the most prevalent abnormality. Conclusion In contrast to the studies reported from developed nations, our subjects with AF were younger and female, the most common cause was RHD and the majority had either structural or functional abnormalities in echocardiographic study. Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal, 2012, Vol-8, No-3, 9-16 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v8i3.8679

Veganism as a cause of iodine deficient hypothyroidism

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Yeliosof ◽  
Lawrence A. Silverman
Keyword(s):  
Iodine Deficiency ◽  
Formula Feeding ◽  
Vegan Diet ◽  
Western World ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Common Cause

AbstractBackground:Iodine deficiency is the most common cause of acquired hypothyroidism worldwide. Although uncommon in the Western world, the incidence of iodine deficiency may be rising due to the increased use of restrictive diets.Case presentation:We present a 23-month-old boy diagnosed with iodine deficiency hypothyroidism, induced by a vegan diet.Conclusions:This case highlights the risk for iodine deficiency in children on a vegan diet after discontinuation of breast/formula feeding that could lead to acquired hypothyroidism.

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