scholarly journals Pulmonary function analysis in carpenters: a study from Kerala

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 3418
Author(s):  
Jagadees R. Pandarikkal ◽  
Annamma Kurien ◽  
Davis Paul
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Wood Dust ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Predicted Values ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Student’S T Test

Background: There has been an increase in proportion of workers suffering from occupational diseases compared to past. Only limited studies have been conducted to evaluate the pulmonary functions of carpenters, exposed to wood dust. Hence the present study was undertaken to find out any functional impairment in carpenters due to their occupational environment.Methods: Study was done in 300 subjects who were divided into two groups of 150 each. One group comprised carpenters with minimum 5 years exposure to wood dust. Other group comprised matching healthy subjects who served as controls. Pulmonary function parameters were recorded from all subjects. Parameters recorded were SlowVital Capacity (SVC), Forced Vital Capacity (FVC), Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second (FEV1), and Peak Expiratory flow Rate (PEFR).  ‘Knudson and Collagens’ standard reference values for south Indians were used here for interpretation. Statistical analysis of the data of study subjects and the controls were done by using student’s ‘t’ test. The level of significance was fixed as 5%.Results: A statistically significant reduction in SVC, FVC, FEV1and PEFR was seen in the study group compared to control group. FEV1/FVC was less than 80% of the predicted values in 8% of the study population. Seventeen percentage of the study population had less than 80% of predicted value of both FEV1 and FVC with normal FEV1/FVC.Conclusions: Lung functions of carpenters show statistically significant reduction compared to normal healthy adults. This could be due to their exposure to wood dust.

scholarly journals Comparison among dental, skeletal and chronological development in HIV-positive children: a radiographic study

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rejane Maria Holderbaum ◽  
Elaine Bauer Veeck ◽  
Helena Willhelm Oliveira ◽  
Carmem Lúcia Silva ◽  
Ângela Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Bone Development ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Bone Age ◽  
Antiretroviral Drugs ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Hiv Negative ◽  
Student’S T Test

The goal of this study was to evaluate skeletal, dental and chronological development in an HIV-positive group of children, as compared with a control group, during a four-year period. Panoramic radiographs and hand and wrist radiographs of 60 children were taken. The children, of both sexes, aged 5 years and 2 months to 15 years and 5 months, were selected as follows: 30 HIV-positive volunteers who had acquired the disease vertically, and 30 volunteers who did not present the HIV infection or any other systemic disease. All radiographs were technically standardized and analyzed according to criteria established by Nolla (dental age), Greulich and Pyle (bone age), and Eklöf and Ringertz (bone age). The results were submitted to Student's t-test at a 5% level of significance. Based on the comparison between the chronological age and the dental or the skeletal age, significant differences were observed between HIV-positive and HIV-negative children, both in 1999 and in 2003 (p < 0.05). Considering the results obtained with the methodology used, it was concluded that HIV-positive children of both sexes presented delayed bone development despite the administration of antiretroviral drugs, and that HIV-positive female children presented younger dental ages compared with their chronological ages in 1999 and in 2003; and HIV-positive males, in 1999.

scholarly journals SONOGRAPHIC REFERENCE LUMINAL DIAMETER OF THE ABDOMINAL AORTA AMONG SUBJECTS IN NIGERIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 19-22
Author(s):  
MICHAEL S. OKPALEKE ◽  
VALENTINE C. IKAMAISE ◽  
KENNETH K. AGWU ◽  
ANTHONY C. UGWU ◽  
MICHAEL P. OGOLODOM
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Aorta ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Luminal Diameter ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Reference Limits ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Student’S T Test

Objective: The objective of the study was to develop a reference luminal diameter (LD) of the abdominal aorta (AA) in Abuja, Nigeria. Methods: The LD of the AA of 422 male and female healthy subjects was measured sonographically using standard protocol. The relationship between age, body mass index (BMI), gender, and the LD of the AA was determined in the subjects. Statistical analysis was performed by the Student’s t-test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient at p < 0.05 level of significance. Results: The values of the LD of the AA in the healthy subjects were 15.16 ± 0.55 mm in males and 15.15 ± 0.55 mm in females. The 5th and 95th percentile normal reference limits of the AA were 14.20–16.10 mm, respectively. There were no significant differences in the LD measurements in male and female subjects. Age correlated strongly positively with LD (ɼ=0.90) of the AA in both genders. BMI showed weak positive correlation with LD (ɼ=0.136) of the AA in female healthy subjects only. Conclusion: The reference LD of the AA in the study population was 15.16 ± 0.55 mm in males and 15.15 ± 0.55 mm in females. The LD of the AA increased proportionately with age.

scholarly journals Potential intravenous drug incompatibilities in a pediatric unit

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karla Dalliane Batista Leal ◽  
Ramon Weyler Duarte Leopoldino ◽  
Rand Randall Martins ◽  
Lourena Mafra Veríssimo
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Intravenous Drug ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Relative Risks ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Student’S T Test

ABSTRACT Objective To investigate potential intravenous drug incompatibilities and related risk factors in a pediatric unit. Methods A cross-sectional analytical study conducted in the pediatric unit of a university hospital in Brazil. Data on prescriptions given to children aged 0-15 years from June to October 2014 were collected. Prescriptions that did not include intravenous drugs and prescriptions with incomplete dosage regimen or written in poor handwriting were excluded. Associations between variables and the risk of potential incompatibility were investigated using the Student’s t test and ANOVA; the level of significance was set at 5% (p<0.05). Relative risks were calculated for each drug involved in potential incompatibility with 95% confidence interval. Results A total of 222 children participated in the study; 132 (59.5%) children were male and 118 (53.2%) were aged between 0 and 2 years. The mean length of stay was 7.7±2.3 days. Dipyrone, penicillin G and ceftriaxona were the most commonly prescribed drugs. At least one potential incompatibility was detected in about 85% of children (1.2 incompatibility/patient ratio). Most incompatibilities detected fell into the non-tested (93.4%), precipitation (5.5%), turbidity (0.7%) or chemical decomposition (0.4%) categories. The number of drugs and prescription of diazepam, phenytoin, phenobarbital or metronidazole were risk factors for potential incompatibility. Conclusion Most pediatric prescriptions involved potential incompatibilities, with higher prevalence of non-tested incompatibilities. The number of drugs and prescription of diazepam, phenobarbital, phenytoin or metronidazole were risk factors for potential incompatibilities.

scholarly journals ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SERUM URIC ACID AND METABOLIC SYNDROME

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thaslima Nandhini Js ◽  
Savitha Basker G ◽  
Vishnupriya V
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Triglycerides ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Disease Condition ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Student’S T Test

Objective: Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of disease condition characterized by truncal obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, elevated blood pressure, and insulin resistance. An excessive circulating uric acid (UA) level even within normal range is always comorbid with metabolic syndrome and its components. The aim of the current study was to investigate the association between metabolic syndrome and serum UA level.Methods: A total of 60 subjects were divided into two groups of healthy (30 individuals) and metabolic syndrome patients (30 individuals) from dental outpatient department of Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals. 5 ml of fasting venous blood was collected in the plain collection tubes and centrifuged, and then serum was separated. Then, the serum was used to analyze the fasting blood glucose, serum triglycerides (TGLs), and serum UA by GOD-POD, enzymatic colorimetric, and uricase method, respectively. A statistical analysis was performed using Student’s t-test. p<0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.Result: Mean body mass index (BMI), fasting blood sugar (FBS), TGL, and UA level of control group were 23.36±1.81, 84.45±13.1, 110.9±22.6, and 3.48±1.21 respectively. Mean BMI, FBS, TGL, and UA level of study group were 35.24±3.04, 122.85±23.3, 212.1±39.6 and 9.08±2.63 respectively. There is a significant difference between these two groups with p<0.0001.Conclusion: This study showed that those individuals with metabolic syndrome have higher UA level that indicates hyperuricemia which is a significant predictor of metabolic syndrome.

scholarly journals Effect of the ketoprofen on the preemptive analgesia in female cats undergoing to ovariohysterectomy

Revista CERES ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-24
Author(s):  
Dayvid Vianêis Farias de Lucena ◽  
Fernanda Vieira Henrique ◽  
Amara Gyane Alves de Lima ◽  
Almir Pereira de Souza ◽  
Pedro Isidro da Nóbrega Neto
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Preemptive Analgesia ◽  
Pain Scores ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Reduction Of Pain ◽  
Baseline Values ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Postoperative Administration ◽  
Student’S T Test

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of the ketoprofen on the preemptive analgesia in female cats submitted to ovariohysterectomy. Sixteen healthy cats were distributed into two groups, with eight animals each, by means of a draw, in a preemptive group (PREG), in which the animal received ketoprofen (1 mg/kg) subcutaneously two hours before the surgery; and postsurgery group (POSG), in which ketoprofen (1 mg/kg) was administered subcutaneously immediately after surgery. In both groups, ketoprofen was given 24, 48 and 72 hours after the first adminstration. Heart and respiratory frequencies and glycemia were measured in all animals during the days first ten postsurgery. Analgesia was measured by assigning scores at zero, two, four, six, 12, 24, 48, 72, 96, 120, 144, 168, 192, 216 and 240 hours after the surgical procedure. Statistical analysis was performed using two-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey's test to compare the moments and Student's t-test for comparison between groups. Pain scores were evaluated using test of U-Mann-Withney or Kruskall-Wallis, all at the 5% level of significance. Pain scores were significantly lower in PREG in M0, M6, M72, M96 and M120. No significant difference was found in the levels of glycemia in comparison to baseline values. Ketoprofen promotes postsurgery analgesia in female cats submitted to ovariohysterectomy and preemptive and postsurgery administration provides an earlier reduction of pain scores when compared to postoperative administration, only.

Effect of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and diabetic medication on Pulmonary Function

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alaa M. Hammad ◽  
Waleed Qirim ◽  
Ameen Alassi ◽  
Dana Hyassat
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Disease Duration ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Control Group

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic condition with an impairing effect on multiple organs. Numerous respiratory disorders have been observed in patients with T2DM. However, T2DM e ect on pulmonary function is ff inconclusive. Aims: In this study, we investigated the effect of T2DM on respiratory function and the correlation of glycemic control, diabetes duration and insulin intake. Methods: 1500 patients were recruited for this study, 560 having T2DM for at least a year were included in the final data, in addition to 540 healthy volunteers. Forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory flow at 25-75% (FEF 25-75%), as well as FEV1/FVC ratio values were measured. Results: A two-sample t-test showed that z-scores produced by Al-Qerem et al.’s equations for FEV1, FVC, and FEF 25-75% were significantly lower for the T2DM group than the control group (p < 0.01). FEV1/FVC ratio in T2DM group were significantly higher (p < 0.01). Multiple linear regression analysis found that glycemic control represented by HbA1c as well as disease duration were negatively associated with pulmonary function (p < 0.01). However, insulin intake was found to have no significant correlation with the pulmonary function. Conclusion: T2DM was linked to reduced pulmonary function and was consistent with a restrictive ventilation pattern. HbA1c as well as disease duration were independent risk factors for reduced pulmonary function.

scholarly journals Intravesical prostaglandin e2 effectiveness in the prevention of urinary retention after transvaginal reconstruction of the pubo-cervical fascia and short arm sling according to Lahodny: a prospective randomized clinical trial

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. QUADRI ◽  
N. NATALE ◽  
C. SPREAFICO ◽  
C. BELLONI ◽  
D. BARISANI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostaglandin E2 ◽  
Urinary Retention ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Student’S T Test

Intravesical prostaglandin E2 is effective in the recovery of spontaneous voiding after transvaginal reconstruction of the pubocervical fascia and short arm sling according to Lahodny. The aim of the study was to compare the effects of intravesical prostaglandin E2 in the prevention of urinary retention after transvaginal reconstruction of the pubocervical fascia and short arm sling according to Lahodny. STUDY DESIGN: From November 1996 to June 1999 fifty women underwent the Lahodny procedure for moderate/severe cystocele and stress urinary incontinence. Women were randomly assigned to 1 of the 2 study groups: intravesical prostaglandin E2 versus controls. Data obtained were analyzed with the Student t test and the Fisher exact test. RESULTS: Two patients of the treatment group had to be excluded from the study, one because of the wrong measurement of the post-voidal residual volume and another due to a fastidious burning sensation which appeared immediately after prostaglandin instillation and required the suspension of the treatment. No other side effects such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea or hyperthermia were observed. Patients who underwent the prostaglandin E2 treatment showed a recovery of spontaneous voiding after 7.9&plusmn;6.7 days, whereas this interval was significantly longer in the control group, being 12.9&plusmn;9.7 days (p=0.04, Two tailed Unpaired Student's T test). CONCLUSION: The effectiveness and the low associated morbidity mark the treatment with intravesical prostaglandin E2 useful in the recovery of normal voiding after transvaginal pubocervical fascia reconstruction and short arm sling with the procedure according to Lahodny.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF OBESITY ON PULMONARY FUNCTIONS AMONG YOUNG NON-SMOKER HEALTHY FEMALE OF SHAH ALAM, MALAYSIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 465
Author(s):  
Aniruddha Bhattacharjee ◽  
Ariitharan A/l Thygoo ◽  
Subramanian Rammohan
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pulmonary Functions ◽  
Healthy Female

Objectives: The sedentary lifestyle, physical inactivity, and unhealthy diet of Malaysian female have become important contributing factors to the rise of obesity. Studies on pulmonary function in relation to obesity are very few in Malaysia. Therefore, the study was aimed to evaluate the effect of obesity on pulmonary functions among young adult healthy female students of Shah Alam, Malaysia.Methods: A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted in a total of 100 (50 obese and 50 non-obese) adult non-smoker healthy female students aged 18–25 years. Forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV1), FEV1 as a percentage of FVC (FEV1/FVC%), maximum midexpiratory flow rate (FEF 25–75%), and peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) were measured using a computerized spirometer. Body weight, height, waist circumference (WC), and hip circumference (HC) were measured.Results: The mean FVC (L), FEV1 (L), FEV1/FVC ratio, FEF 25–75% (L/s), and PEFR (L/s) of obese group were marginally lower than non-obese control group, but the differences were not statistically significant. WC and waist–hip ratio exhibited significant (p<0.05) inverse correlation with all pulmonary function measurements except FEV1/FVC%. However, body mass index had no significant correlation with any spirometric variables in studied obese females.Conclusion: There was no significant effect of obesity on pulmonary functions in the studied Malaysian females. However, abdominal obesity had more impact on the impairment of pulmonary functions than overall relative obesity.

scholarly journals Study of Relationship of Anemia among Edentulous Patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-108
Author(s):  
Lijo Isaac ◽  
A. P. Nirmal Raj ◽  
Reshma Karkera ◽  
R Naveen Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
T Test ◽  
Dental Status ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Edentulous Patients ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Student’S T Test

Very little studies were done on relationship of the dental status and the nutritional status. The present study was done to study relation between edentulism and the presence of anemia. The study was included of 46 adult patients with edentulism and same numbers of patients were taken as controls. The results were tabulated and analyzed with the help of IBM SPSS statistics 20 using student’s t test. The hemoglobin levels were lower in the edentulous patients that that of the control group. The present study had shown that the nutritional status were poor resulting in anemia in case of edentulous patients as compared to control group with the same age group.  

scholarly journals ANALGESIC EFFICACY OF EPIDURAL MORPHINE AND CLONIDINEIN PATIENTS UNDERGOING DECOMPRESSION OF THE LUMBAR CANAL: A PROSPECTIVE RANDOMIZED TRIAL

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 188-192
Author(s):  
BRUNO RONCAGLIO ◽  
RAPHAEL FERNANDES CALHAU ◽  
CHARBEL JACOB JÚNIOR ◽  
IGOR MACHADO CARDOSO ◽  
JOSÉ LUCAS BATISTA JÚNIOR ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epidural Morphine ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Analgesic Efficacy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lumbar Arthrodesis ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Microsoft Office ◽  
Student’S T Test

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the postoperative analgesic efficacy in patients undergoing lumbar canal decompression using epidural morphine and clonidine at the Hospital Santa Casa de Vitória - ES, Brazil. Methods: Prospective, randomized study of 60 patients with stenosis of the lumbar canal up to two levels with surgical indication, in which decompression of the canal was performed in association with lumbar arthrodesis. In group 1 we performed conventional postoperative analgesia and in group 2, in addition to conventional analgesia, we associated epidural morphine and clonidine. We used VAS as a means of analyzing pain intensity at 1, 12, and 36 hours after surgery. The statistical analysis was performed using Microsoft Office/Excel and the software GraphPad Prism (San Diego, CA, USA). Results: The mean age of patients was 47 years, and 52% were female. The mean VAS in the first hour, 12th, and 36th hours after surgery in the control group was 5.44, 2.13, and 0.55 respectively. In the morphine-clonidine group it was 6.96; 2.21 and 0.60. Comparing one group with another in its absolute values through the Mann-Whitney test, as well as comparing the pain variations between the 1st and 12th hour (1h X 12h) and between the 12th hour and 36th hour (12h x 36h ) through Student’s t test it became clear that there was no statistical difference between groups (p > 0.05). Conclusions: The addition of epidural morphine and clonidine to conventional analgesia is not beneficial to reduce postoperative pain in patients undergoing lumbar canal decompression.

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