scholarly journals Oral premalignant lesions: a clinicopathological study

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. 3477
Author(s):  
Sunil Vitthalrao Jagtap ◽  
Pranita Warhate ◽  
Neerav Saini ◽  
Swati S. Jagtap ◽  
P. G. Chougule
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Buccal Mucosa ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Oral Submucous Fibrosis ◽  
Premalignant Lesions ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Male Predominance ◽  
The Common ◽  
Tobacco Chewing

Background: A significant number of oral cancer cases present initially with precursor lesions. If detected earlier in disease course it will reduce the morbidity and mortality. The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical presentation and various histopathological types of premalignant lesions.Methods: This is descriptive, observational, analytical type of study of five-year duration. The detail clinical presentation, relevant investigation and histopathological study on biopsy tissue stain with H and E was done and the data is analysed.Results: During study period, 173 cases having oral lesions were observed. Among these 38 cases showed oral premalignant lesions. The most common age group affected was in between 50 to 59 years. The male predominance was noted. Male to female ratio was 1.9:1. The location of the lesions were buccal mucosa (55.26%), tongue (26.31%), gingiva (7.90%), alveolus (5.26%), lip (2.6%), retromolar area (2.63%) was noted. The common etiological factor observed was tobacco chewing. On histopathological features, cases were of leukoplakia 68.41%, oral lichen planus 13.16%, oral submucous fibrosis 7.90%, actinic cheilitis-7.9%, and oral erythroplakia 2.6%.Conclusions: In this study, various oral premalignant lesions were observed. Their clinical and histopathological evaluation was done. Oral leukoplakia was most common lesion in the present study. Buccal mucosa was the most common site. Tobacco chewing habit was the common risk factor observed. Early detection of premalignant oral lesion is of utmost importance to prevent further morbidity as these lesions further progress to oral cancer.

Histopathological Study of Lesions of the Nasal Cavity, Paranasal Sinuses and Nasopharynx in a Tertiary Care Centre, Visakhapatnam over a Period of 2 Years

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (33) ◽  
pp. 3054-3059
Author(s):  
Rajendra Prasad Jagannadham ◽  
Lakshmi Latchupatula ◽  
Sravani Ponnada ◽  
Neelima Lalam ◽  
Raghunadhababu Gudipudi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nasal Cavity ◽  
Paranasal Sinuses ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Malignant Tumours ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Male Predominance

BACKGROUND A variety of non - neoplastic and neoplastic conditions involve the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses and nasopharynx and these are very common lesions encountered in clinical practice. Histopathological examination of these lesions is the gold standard for diagnosis because management and prognosis vary among different lesions. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the histopathological study of the lesions of the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses and nasopharynx in relation to their incidence, age, gender and site wise distribution and to compare the results with the available data. METHODS A study of 88 cases was conducted for a period of 2 years from August 2017 to July 2019. After fixation, Processing and Haematoxylin and Eosin staining and special stains histopathological diagnosis was made. RESULTS Among 88 total cases, 58 were males and 30 were females. A male predominance was observed with a male to female ratio of 1.93 : 1. They were more common in third, fourth and fifth decade of life. Malignant nasal lesions were seen after fourth decade of life. Nasal lesions were more common in nasal cavity (67.05 %), followed by paranasal sinuses (18.18 %) and nasopharynx (14.75). Out of 88 total cases, 39 (44.32 %) were non - neoplastic, 30 (34.09 %) were benign and 19 (21.59 %) were malignant nasal lesions. CONCLUSIONS Sinonasal lesions and nasopharyngeal lesions can have various differential diagnoses. A complete clinical, radiological and histopathological correlation helps to categorize these sinonasal lesions into various non - neoplastic and neoplastic types. But histopathological examination remains the mainstay of definitive diagnosis. KEYWORDS Nasal Cavity, Paranasal Sinuses, Nasopharynx, Benign Tumours, Malignant Tumours, Histopathological Examination

scholarly journals Cross-Cheek Dumbbell-Shaped Radial Forearm Flap for Simultaneous Correction of Oral Cancer and Submucous Fibrosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shreya Bhattacharya ◽  
Sivakumar Vidhyadharan ◽  
Krishnakumar Thankappan ◽  
Subramania Iyer
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Buccal Mucosa ◽  
Oral Submucous Fibrosis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Simultaneous Occurrence ◽  
Cancer Resection ◽  
Novel Technique ◽  
Radial Forearm ◽  
Submucous Fibrosis ◽  
Interincisor Distance

Simultaneous occurrence of oral submucous fibrosis along with carcinoma of the buccal mucosa is common. We report a novel technique of a single dumbbell-shaped, cross-cheek radial forearm free flap to repair bilateral defects caused by oral cancer resection on one side and the release of fibrosis on the other side in two patients. The dumbbell-shaped flap provided tissue for both the buccal mucosa defects and central released soft palate preventing fibrosis and reapproximation. The interincisor distance improved in both the patients.

scholarly journals Use of buccal fat pad flap for premalignant buccal mucosa defect reconstruction

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 3769
Author(s):  
Pankaj Kshirsagar ◽  
Prabhat B. Nichkaode ◽  
Saicharan Reddy ◽  
Manichandra Reddy C.
Keyword(s):  
Buccal Mucosa ◽  
Postoperative Morbidity ◽  
Oral Submucous Fibrosis ◽  
Premalignant Lesions ◽  
Fast Method ◽  
Fat Pad ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Operative Complications ◽  
Submucous Fibrosis ◽  
Buccal Pad Of Fat

Premalignant lesions over buccal mucosa are very common in India, some of these lesions require excision leaving behind defects and various techniques can be used in reconstruction of these defects. Small palatal defect, oroantral fistulas have been successfully closed by buccal pad of fat flap. Aim of this study was to evaluate reconstruction of defects after excision of premalignant lesion over buccal mucosa using buccal pad of fat. 20 patients were selected for this study who presented with different premalignant lesions like erythroplakia, proliferative verrucous leukoplakia, chronic hyperplastic candidiasis, Oral submucous fibrosis over buccal mucosa in Dr. DY Patil medical college surgery unit 4 and 7. Excision of lesion followed by reconstruction with buccal pad of fat was done. Patients were followed up every 14 days for 14 weeks, and was evaluated for epithelisation of flap and post-operative complications like infection and flap necrosis and also the functionality of the flap. In this study we have observed complete epithelisation of the flap in most of our patients. Dehiscence of the wound was observed in 3 of the patients with large defects (>4×5 cm). No postoperative morbidity was in postoperative patients. Buccal pad of fat is an excellent technique for reconstruction of small defects of buccal mucosa. It is a reliable and a fast method which has easy accessibility less complications and minimal morbidity.

scholarly journals Oral Cancer Senario in Multiple Centers of Dhaka, Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 572-575
Author(s):  
Dr. Rajesh Sah ◽  
Dr. Mahmuda Akhter
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Buccal Mucosa ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Data Collection Sheet ◽  
The Common

Oral cancer is one of the common cancers worldwide and in Bangladesh around 7000 cases are diagnosed yearly. It has variable demographics and patient comes to hospital with different presentations. It is mandatory to know the characteristics of the disease so that better awareness and different treatment modalities can be planned. 162 patients with histopathological diagnosis of oral cancer was include in study by consecutive sampling and characteristics of disease was recorded in scientific data collection sheet which was later analyzed by SPSS and result was presented in table, graph and chart form. Incidence of oral cancer is 56.2% in female, in 59.9% cases buccal mucosa is involved in which 90.1% is squamous cell carcinoma. In Conclusion squamous cell carcinoma is most common oral cancer mainly occurs in buccal mucosa of female, in grade I and stage iii majority of patient present in tertiary centers of Dhaka.

Relationship between habits and precancerous lesions of the oral cavity – a clinicopathological study

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 254-259
Author(s):  
Dr. Ajay Kumar Yadlapalli ◽  
◽  
Dr. B Krishna Santosh ◽  
Dr. Dwarampudi S K Reddy ◽  
Dr. Panda Veeranjaneyulu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Precancerous Lesions ◽  
Oral Submucous Fibrosis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Premalignant Lesions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Oral Cancers ◽  
Reticular Pattern ◽  
Oral Malignancy

Introduction: Oral cancers account for 3% of total malignancies. A research was conducted to findthe incidence, age, and sex distribution, clinical presentation, and the relationship between habitsand various premalignant lesions of the oral cavity. Methods: It was a hospital-based observationaland cross-sectional study, conducted in GSL Medical College, Rajamahendravaram from October2015 to April 2017. Individuals aged > 18 years, with leukoplakia, erythroplakia, blanched mucosawith or without fibrous bands and /or trismus suggestive of oral submucous fibrosis, bilateral whitishlesions with a reticular pattern suggestive of lichen planus, and ulcer against sharp tooth denturesuggestive of traumatic dental ulcers were taken. Individuals with frank oral malignancy, those withterminal diseases, those who did not submit informed consent were not considered. Results: Themajority of patients (33.33%) were aged between 51 – 60 years, belong (62.75%) to lowersocioeconomic status. Leukoplakia (64.7%) was a common clinical presentation. Most (49.02%) ofthe study patients presented with a burning sensation. When addictions were considered, 86.27% ofpatients were smokers, 23.53% were addicted to alcohol. Conclusion: Leukoplakia was thecommonest (64.71%) premalignant lesion, 51 – 60 years was the common age group. Premalignantlesions were most commonly seen among males, most of the study participants belong to low andmiddle socio-economic groups with a rural background. Diabetes mellitus was the most commoncomorbidity associated with premalignant lesions.

scholarly journals Clinical Presentation and Outcome of COVID-19 Infected Cancer Patients: A Prospective Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-94
Author(s):  
Shaila Rahman ◽  
Tamanna Bahar ◽  
Amit Wazib ◽  
Zulfia Zinat Chowdhury ◽  
Mohammad Murad Hossain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Illness ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Primary Malignancy ◽  
Male Predominance ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Active Cancer

Background: Patients with active cancer are considered to be a high-risk group during the COVID- 19 pandemic. Reports of studies on the impact of COVID-19 infection on cancer patients in Bangladesh are sparse. This study was conducted to describe the clinical presentation and assess the outcome of COVID-19 infected cancer patients. Methods: In this prospective study, we enrolled 43 patients with active cancer from different cancer hospitals in Dhaka, Bangladesh who were tested positive for RTPCR of COVID-19. The study period was from August to October 2020 (three months) following ethical approval and informed written consent was ensured. The data were collected in a structured questionnaire form by interviewing the patients/relatives and from medical records of inpatient and outpatient departments and analyzed by SPSS version 25. Results: The mean age of the 43 study participants was 49.2 (±13.6) years with a male predominance (60.5%). The common primary malignancies were leukaemia (27.9%), carcinoma of the colon (18.6%), and carcinoma of the breast (14%). Diabetes (30.2%) and hypertension (27.9%) were the common co-morbidities. The most frequently found symptoms were fever and cough 67.4% each. Severe and critical illness were found in 27.9% and 2.3% cases respectively. 35 (81%) patients survived from COVID-19 and death was observed in 8 (19%) patients.There was no significant association of age, gender, primary malignancy type, and major co-morbidities with the outcome. Severe and critical illness were found to be significantly associated with higher mortality. Conclusions: COVID-19 related mortality is higher in cancer patients than in the general population. Mortality depends on the severity of COVID-19 in these patients, associated with severe & critical cases. Bangladesh J Medicine July 2021; 32(2) : 90-94

scholarly journals The study of cases of hoarseness of voice of north India region

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-53
Author(s):  
Mahendra Kr Gupta ◽  
Ravi Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Speech Therapy ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Acid Reflux ◽  
Predisposing Factors ◽  
North India ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Male Predominance ◽  
Tobacco Chewing

In Medical Science, Hoarseness is the term used to describe a change in normal quality of voice of a patient which is rough or harsh, lower in pitch and more or less discordant Depends on duration of illness, hoarseness can be divided into acute or chronic condition. The acute onset is more common and mainly caused by inflammation (acute laryngitis) chronic sinusitis acid reflux disease, excessive alcohol use, smoking and over use or misuse of voice whereas other cause may be, laryngeal trauma or thyroid surgery and systemic disease The aim of our study is to analyse clinical profile, assess different etiological factors and to find out common precipitating factors leading to hoarseness of voice.A total of 34500 patients visited OPD of Otolaryngology department from June 2017 to May2019. Out of these,253 cases presented with complaint of change in voice (Hoarseness). The incidence of hoarseness among total OPD patient was 0.73%. Among 253 cases ,165 (65.21%) were male and 88 (34.78%) were female. Male predominance was observed with Male: female ratio of 1.87:1 in this study. Majority of patients (22.13%) were reported in 51-60 years age group followed by 31-40 years age group (21.73%). Largest group of patients were housewives (19.76%), then farmer (19.36%%) and labour (18.57%). Rest was teacher (13.43%), singer (5.92%) politician (5.13%), policeman (1.97%) and sportsman (0.79%).Many predisposing factors were noted like tobacco chewing, smoking, alcohol drinking. Tobacco chewing (38.33%), smoking (33.99%) and alcohol consumption (15.81%) were most common predisposing factors in descending order. Functional disorder was reported in (5.13%) cases and vocal abuse in 2.37% cases. In present study most of the patients were referred for speech therapy and psychotherapy along with vocal conservation and maintenance of vocal hygiene.

scholarly journals Retrospective analysis of oral cancers in Shimla-Himachal Pradesh (2011-2018): a hospital-based study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 3876
Author(s):  
Shailee Fotedar ◽  
Vikas Fotedar ◽  
Manish Gupta ◽  
Vinay Bhardwaj ◽  
Purnima Thakur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Buccal Mucosa ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cancer Control ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
P Value ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Oral Cancers

Background: Oral cancer ranks in the top three of all cancers in India, and oral cancer control is quickly becoming a global health priority. To analyse the epidemiological and clinical profile of oral cancer patients treated in Tertiary Care Center, IGMC, Shimla from 2011-2018.Methods: A retrospective study of patients with oral cancers treated from 2011-2018 at TCC, IGMC, Shimla was conducted. Demographic characteristics, tobacco use and oral cancer characteristics related to site, histology and stage at presentation were recorded from patient file records at TCC, Shimla. Data was analysed by Statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 16. Statistical test used was chi square test. A p value of 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.Results: Oral cancer represents 1.53% of overall cancers. The total number of subjects were 246 out of which 205 were men and 41 were women thus making a male female ratio of 5:1. Peak age of occurrence is the 5th and 6th decade. The most common site involved was tongue (37.5%) followed by buccal mucosa (35.5%). Buccal mucosa was significantly associated with male gender, age group of less than 40 years. Lip was significantly associated with female gender, more than 60 years and with no habits. Floor of the mouth was significantly associated with males, 40-60 year age group and tobacco smoking.Conclusions: Strategies to overcome the present situation must be undertaken at state level by oral health programs for the early diagnosis and prevention and to support a tobacco free environment. 

scholarly journals Traumatic Ulcerative Granuloma with Stromal Eosinophilia: Sinister Appearing Innocuous Lesion

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1579-1581
Author(s):  
Shashi Keshwar ◽  
Toniya Raut ◽  
Mehul Rajesh Jaisani ◽  
Ashish Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Oral Lesion ◽  
Granulomatous Lesion ◽  
Unique Combination ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Common ◽  
Limiting Condition

Trauma within the oral cavity is one of the common incidence of occurrence which can be an inducer as well as propagator for wide range of oral lesion of diverse course. A unique combination of formation of granulomatous lesion with reactive eosinophilic stromal infiltration in response of trauma is “traumatic ulcerative granuloma with stromal eosinophilia (TUGSE)”. It is a reactive, infrequent, self-limiting condition of oral mucosa. The commonly involved site and the clinical presentation might click to suspect it as a lesion of oral cancer. Clinical history and examination guide through the diagnosis whereas histopathology forms the basis of the diagnosis.

An Overview of Dementias

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 75-84
Author(s):  
Venkata Vijaya K. Dalai ◽  
Jason E. Childress ◽  
Paul E Schulz
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Great Variability ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
The Common ◽  
Neurodegenerative Dementias ◽  
Made In

Dementia is a major public health concern that afflicts an estimated 24.3 million people worldwide. Great strides are being made in order to better diagnose, prevent, and treat these disorders. Dementia is associated with multiple complications, some of which can be life-threatening, such as dysphagia. There is great variability between dementias in terms of when dysphagia and other swallowing disorders occur. In order to prepare the reader for the other articles in this publication discussing swallowing issues in depth, the authors of this article will provide a brief overview of the prevalence, risk factors, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnosis, current treatment options, and implications for eating for the common forms of neurodegenerative dementias.

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