scholarly journals Etiological study of jaundice in neonates

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 1881
Author(s):  
Jasraj Bohra ◽  
Chuba Kumzuk L. C. R.
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Abnormal Finding ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Abo Incompatibility ◽  
Circulatory Insufficiency ◽  
Rh Incompatibility ◽  
Etiological Study ◽  
Motor Retardation ◽  
Preterm Babies ◽  
Intrauterine Infections

: Jaundice is the commonest abnormal finding with an incidence of about 60% in term babies and 80% in preterm babies. It is the commonest cause of admission to hospitals in the newborn period. In preterm babies, the percentage is exceedingly high due to their physiological handicaps and other hazards of prematurity like Asphyxia, septicemia, respiratory and circulatory Insufficiency. Non-physiological or pathological jaundice is also known to occur in (8-9)% of newborns. Its timely detection and optimal management are crucial to prevent brain damage and subsequent neuro-motor retardation. Aims of this study to find out the etiology of jaundice in neonates, admitted in neonates unit attached to SMS medical college Jaipur.Method: This Observational study was conducted in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) and Post Natal Ward attached to SMS medical college Jaipur, after approval from the hospital ethical committee, over a period of 12 months(October 2011 to September 2012. Study was carried on 500 neonates presenting clinically with neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.Result: The onset of jaundice was seen maximum between live hour 24-72 hours (n=290, 58% cases), followed by live hour 72 hours-14 days (n=160, 32%). At more than 2 weeks there was only 3 case (0.6%). The etiological factors in the causation of jaundice in the decreasing order of frequency were exaggerated physiological jaundice accounts for (28%), ABO-incompatibility (24.4%), Rh-incompatibility (13.8%), Idiopathic (10.4%), cephalhematoma (10.2%), septicemia (6%), intrauterine infections (4%), BMJ (1.8%), Galactocemia (0.8%) and G6PD  Deficiency (0.6%) respectively.Conclusion: Hyperbilirubinemia is more severe in newborns, therefore precautionary measure should be adopted by both parents, and clinicians to diagnose and treat the diseases properly.

scholarly journals Neonates with Jaundice A Clinical Profile

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-23
Author(s):  
Davis Manuel ◽  
Shajahan R A
Keyword(s):  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Neonatal Jaundice ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
Abo Incompatibility ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Rh Incompatibility ◽  
Preterm Babies ◽  
Haemolytic Anemia

Background: In the first week of child birth, neonatal jaundice is the most common problem which leads to delayed hospital discharge and re-admissions. Recognising early neonatal hyperbilirubenemia plays a pivotal role in preventing serious complications. The aim of this study was to study the clinical profile and the aetiological factors leading to neonatal jaundice in rural areas.Subject and Method:This study is a prospective observational study  conducted in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and post natal ward . This study was conducted during the period of February 2017 to July 2017. Total 400 neonates were admitted in NICU and post natal ward during this period. Out of them, 100 newborns were having jaundice (Serum bilirubin > 10 mg/dl). 100 cases in total were enrolled in the study. Result:In this study,out of 100 neonates, 70% were males and 30% were females. , 92 were born at term (92%) and remaining 10 were preterm babies (10%). Physiological jaundice constituted 45%, followed by ABO incompatibility constituted 25%, followed by sepsis(1%), Rh incompatibility (8%), idioapathy (8%), prematurity (5%), cephalhematoma (4%), breast feeding (2%), haemolytic anemia (2%) were diagnosed as hereditary spherocytosis. Conclusion:Physiological jaundice is the most common cause of neonatal jaundice followed by ABO incompatibility, sepsis, Rh incompatibility and idiopathic cases. Cephalhematoma, breast feeding jaundice and haemolytic anaemia are the less common causes. Hence, it is required to monitor neonates more appropriately and accurately.

scholarly journals Study of clinical spectrum of hyperbilirubinemia with frequency of glucose six phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in neonates

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1674
Author(s):  
Keshawati Goel ◽  
Anshuman Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
G6pd Deficiency ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Dehydrogenase Deficiency ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Abo Incompatibility ◽  
Mucous Membranes ◽  
Rh Incompatibility ◽  
Breast Fed

Background: Jaundice is defined as visible reflexion of serum hyperbilirubinemia on mucous membranes and skin as yellowish discoloration. The frequency of icterus among neonates is about 1 in 2500-5000 live births. When there is disparity between the production of bilirubin, conversion from unconjugated to conjugated bilirubin and excretion of bilirubin results in jaundice. Unconjugated bilirubin is usually harmless but it can also cross blood-brain barrier causing neurotoxicity or kernicterus.Methods: A hospital based prospective observational study which is carried out in the department of paediatrics of Teerthanker Mahaveer Medical College, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh from December 2019 to November 2020 on 74 neonates who required admission for hyperbilirubinemia.Results: The most common jaundice occurred in neonates were idiopathic or breastfeeding jaundice as the neonates were breast fed (47.29%). The second most common cause was ABO incompatibility leading to jaundice in 27 (36.48%) neonates. Incidence of neonatal Sepsis, G6PD deficiency, hypothyroidism and cephalhematoma was 22.9%, 4.1%, 2.70% and 4.1% respectively. Polycythemia contributed to 1.35% and the frequency of hyperbilirubinemia in infants of diabetic mother’s or GDM was 10.8%. Rh incompatibility was seen in 13.5%.Conclusions: G6PD deficiency is a significant cause for NNHB and the cases with pathological jaundice if left untreated may lead to severe neurological deficits and lifelong disabilities, hearing impairment, mental retardation, seizures and movement disorders. Hence we recommend G6PD screening in every newborn with significant hyperbilirubinemia to reduce morbidity and mortality.

scholarly journals Clinical profile and aetiological factors of neonatal jaundice from a rural area of Kutch, Gujarat, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 143
Author(s):  
Avinash Patel ◽  
Karan Saradava ◽  
Hasmukh Chauhan
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Neonatal Jaundice ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
Rural Setting ◽  
Abo Incompatibility ◽  
Rh Incompatibility ◽  
Blood Grouping

Background: Etiology of hyperbilirubinemia is not only crucial for optimal management of the patient but also it may have implications for subsequent pregnancies. The objective of this study was to study the clinical profile and the underlying aetiological factors leading to neonatal jaundice in this rural setting of Kutch District, Gujarat, India.Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and Post Natal ward Gujarat Adani Institute of Medical Science, Bhuj, Kutch, Gujarat. Total of 150 cases were enrolled for the study. Blood grouping and Rh typing of baby and mother were done. Cord blood bilirubin and haemoglobin, direct coomb's test (DCT) and bilirubin monitoring were done whenever there was a setting for Rh incompatibility.Results: Among 150 neonates studied, majority had birth weight between 2501g and 3000g. Only 21 babies had birth weight <2.5kg (14%) (Table 2). Of the 150 neonates 85 were males and 65 were females.Conclusions: This study concludes that physiological jaundice is the most common cause of neonatal jaundice in our hospital. This is followed by ABO incompatibility, sepsis, Rh incompatibility and idiopathic cases.

scholarly journals Different causes of prolonged unconjugated Jaundice in the newborns

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijay Agrawal ◽  
Alok Kumar Goyal ◽  
J. N. Sharma ◽  
Murli D. Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Congenital Hypothyroidism ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Unconjugated Hyperbilirubinemia ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Abo Incompatibility ◽  
Breast Milk Jaundice ◽  
Preterm Babies ◽  
High Bilirubin ◽  
Prolonged Jaundice

Background: Prolonged unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia is a type of neonatal jaundice, which occurs in infants with high bilirubin levels (>10 mg/dl) persisting beyond 14-21 days. Prolonged unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia is a common problem among newborns, and the prevalence rate has been estimated at 2-15%. According to the literature, breastfeeding is a major cause of prolonged jaundice, and about 40% of infants who are exclusively breastfed are diagnosed with this disorder. Among other pathological causes associated with prolonged hyperbilirubinemia are urinary tract infection (UTI), congenital hypothyroidism and hemolysis. So, this study was done to know the different causes of unconjugated jaundice in newborn.Methods: This Hospital based prospective descriptive study was carried out at outpatients and inpatients in the Department of pediatrics, SMS medical college Jaipur. Total 100 cases were taken and these neonates were evaluated to know different causes of unconjugated hyperbilirubenemia.Results: Most common cause of persistent jaundice in both term and preterm babies is breast milk jaundice (66%), other causes include isoimmunization (10%), cephalhematoma (7%), hypothyroidism (7%), sepsis (4%) and ABO incompatibility (3%). Etiology of persistent jaundice was not significantly different in term and preterm babies.Conclusions: Although breast milk jaundice is considered as a major cause of prolonged unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia in neonates, identification of other etiological factors, such as UTI, congenital hypothyroidism and hemolysis is also of paramount importance. Early diagnosis and treatment of these disorder could effectively prevent further complication in neonates. 

scholarly journals Comparative study between serum and transcutaneous bilirubin measurements in new-borns

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 817
Author(s):  
Manish Mahadeo Tiwari ◽  
Harshal N. Pise
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Transcutaneous Bilirubin ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Abo Incompatibility ◽  
Rh Incompatibility ◽  
Venous Sample

Background: Hyperbilirubinemia is one of the common problems in neonates. The transcutaneous bilirubin (TCB) measurement is non-invasive, easy and rapid not requiring expertise and manpower. Fewer studies have been carried out to whether newer TCB measurements can correlate with serum bilirubin measurements using newer generation of transcutaneous bilirubinometer in our region.Methods: An observational cross-sectional study to compare serum and transcutaneous bilirubin measurements in newborns admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit, conducted from December 2015 to November 2017. Blood samples were obtained from neonates collected from venous sample into plain bulb and sent for analysis. For transcutaneous bilirubin measurement, the reading from forehead and sternum were taken using bilirubinometer and an average reading was taken for comparison.Results: Total 172 neonates were admitted during study period and enrolled in the study. It was observed that out of 172 patients, studied 102(59%) patients were male and 70(41%) patients were female. Out of 172 patients maximum 89(51.74%) mother have O positive blood group and only 2(1.1%) have O negative blood group. Common cause of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia was ABO incompatibility 81(48%), Rh incompatibility 11(6%), and other causes 80(46%). The mean and standard deviation of TSB for first, second and third reading were 19.21±3.44, 15.76±2.79 and 12.89±2.44 respectively. While mean and standard deviation of TCB for first, second and third reading were 18.34±2.99, 15.48±2.36 and 12.31±2.28 respectively with correlation coefficient of r=0.806513, r=0.694273, r=0.785471 respectively indicating linear relationship between two.Conclusions: There was a strong correlation between serum and transcutaneous bilirubin levels before and even after the phototherapy. As transcutaneous bilirubin estimation is non-invasive, gives quick and reproducible results. So, by using this method has potential screening value especially in the high-risk neonates to start early intervention.

scholarly journals Common Causes of Neonatal Jaundice –A Study of 100 Cases at Neonatal Unit of Rajshahi Medical College Hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
M Sanaul Haque ◽  
PK Paul ◽  
KI Jahan
Keyword(s):  
Perinatal Asphyxia ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Neonatal Unit ◽  
Medical College Hospital ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Abo Incompatibility ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Rh Incompatibility

A prospective cross sectional study was done at Neonatal unit of Rajshahi Medical College Hospital, from 01/01/15 to 30/06/15 period. Total 100 neonates with jaundice were included in this study. Causes of Jaundice were physiological 35%, sepsis 20%, prematurity 15%, perinatal asphyxia 8%, ABO incompatibility 8%, Rh-incompatibility 5%, unknown 9%.TAJ 2013; 26: 1-2

scholarly journals Aetiological factors and clinical profile of neonatal jaundice from a rural area of North Kerala, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 1169
Author(s):  
Shemeena Valiyat ◽  
Harsha T. Valoor ◽  
Sayujya Radhamadhavan ◽  
Salina Sasi Vayalil
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Neonatal Jaundice ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
History Taking ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Abo Incompatibility ◽  
Rh Incompatibility ◽  
Underlying Risk Factor ◽  
The Common ◽  
Underlying Risk

Background: Neonatal jaundice is the most common problem in the first week of life leading to delayed hospital discharge and readmissions. Early recognition of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is important to prevent serious complications. This study was done in a teaching hospital (KMCT Medical College, Mukkam, Kozhikode), in a rural area of North Kerala. It is an attempt to identify the common aetiological factors of neonatal jaundice in this setting.Methods: This observational study was conducted over a period of 6 months from January 2014 to June 2014. A total of 110 jaundiced neonates were enrolled. Data collection was done by history taking, clinical examination and relevant laboratory investigations.Results: In this study, out of 110 jaundiced neonates, 102 (92.5%) were term babies and 8 (7.3%) were preterm, 69 (62.75%) were males and 41 (37.27%) females. Physiological jaundice was seen in 44 (40%) of neonates. Various other aetiologies were ABO incompatibility 24 (21.8%), sepsis 11 (10%), Rh incompatibility 9 (8%), idiopathic 9 (8%), prematurity 8 (7.3%), cephalhematoma 7 (6.4%), breast feeding jaundice 7 (6.4%) and haemolytic anaemia 1 (0.9%).Conclusions: Physiological jaundice accounted for the bulk of cases of neonatal jaundice in our area. This was followed by ABO incompatibility. This highlights the importance of appropriate monitoring of neonates with this underlying risk factor. 

scholarly journals Prospective study of clinical profile, causes, risk factors and treatment of hyperbilirubinemia in preterm and term babies

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1851
Author(s):  
Komal Garg ◽  
Vamshi Krishna Kondle
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Common Factors ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
Neurological Injury ◽  
Pediatric Hospital ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Abo Incompatibility ◽  
Rh Incompatibility ◽  
Preterm Babies

Background: Neonatal jaundice is often physiologic and benign, but dangerous, at levels producing neurological injury, adding on to mortality and morbidity in developing nations. Hence the present study is undertaken to document the proportion, clinical profile, causes, risk factors and treatment of hyperbilirubinemia in preterm and term babies.Methods: This study conducted over 100 hyperbilirubinemia babies who admitted in Rich Pediatric Hospital, Pogathota, Nellore during the period of October 2014 to September 2015.Hyperbilirubinemia is more common among preterm babies born to mothers of 19-22 years and term babies born to mothers of 21-26 years age group.Results: The most common etiological factors identified among all the gestational categories were sepsis (23.0%) followed by ABO incompatibility (20.0%) and Rh incompatibility (6.0%). Among preterm babies (35-37 wks.) the most common were ABO incompatibility (15.0%), Sepsis (10.0%) and polycythemia (10.0%), while among term babies, the most common factors were ABO incompatibility (23.9%), Sepsis (16.4%) Rh incompatibility (7.5%) and Cephalhaematoma (7.5%). In a large proportion of cases, etioliogy remined idiopathic (44.0%).Conclusions: Requirement of exchange transfusion was more among term babies compared to preterm babies. Rh incompatibility was the only etiology.

STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF GENERALAND REGIONALANESTHESIA ON FOETOMATERNAL OUTCOME IN WOMEN UNDERGOING CAESAREAN SECTION FOR SEVERE PREECLAMPSIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 77-79
Author(s):  
Ashok Das ◽  
Suman Chattopadhyay ◽  
Manas Karmakar
Keyword(s):  
Critical Care ◽  
Caesarean Section ◽  
General Anaesthesia ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Severe Preeclampsia ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Neonatal Care Unit

INTRODUCTION Motherhood is the ultimate joy in a woman's life. Every woman craves for her own child. However, more than half a million 1 women die each year from pregnancy related causes across the globe. The United Nations Millennium Development Goals has placed maternal health as a basic human right, one that is integral to the core of the ght against poverty and inequality. The high incidence of preeclampsia and its complications makes its prevention and effective management important. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To study the effect of anaesthetic technique in the foetomaternal outcome in severe preeclamptic patients undergoing caesarean section and determining any difference in the maternal and perinatal morbidity/mortality amongst those receiving either general or regional anaesthesia. MATERIALS AND METHODS Study Area: Eden Hospital, Critical Care Unit (CCU), Special Neonatal Care Unit (SNCU), and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of Medical College & Hospital, Kolkata. Study Population: Mothers and babies of severe preeclamptic patient with 34 or more gestational weeks admitted in Eden Hospital, Medical College & Hospital, Kolkata undergoing caesarean section formed our study cohort. Study Period: 18 months (from February 2012 till June 2013). RESULTS AND OBSERVATIONS The patients of severe preeclampsia were in the age group 18 to 30 years (93 %). Only 1.2 % were aged more than 40years. 5.8 % of patients were between the ages of 30 to 40 years. The age patterns were similar in both the groups receiving either spinal or general anaesthesia. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION Severe preeclampsia mothers receiving general anaesthesia and their babies required more critical care support. Maternal as well as neonatal mortality was signicantly higher with general anaesthesia. Spinal anaesthesia is safer alternative to general anaesthesia in severe preeclampsia with less post operative morbidity and mortality

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