scholarly journals Influence of socioeconomic factors on accidental injuries in children

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 1043
Author(s):  
Poornima Shankar ◽  
Krithika G. S. ◽  
Afroza . ◽  
Balaji E.
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
World Health ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Unintentional Injuries ◽  
Child Deaths ◽  
Lower Socioeconomic ◽  
Case Files ◽  
Health Organization

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) report of 2006 stated that injuries account for a significant percentage of deaths in children. Of the 2.6 million child deaths recorded, among 1-14 year old children, 15.4% are said to be due to unintentional injuries. This study aims to establish if the socioeconomic status forms a risk factor for unintentional injuries.Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted at Kempegowda Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangalore. Children between 0-18 years of age were included and case files of children admitted for unintentional injuries were studied and the socioeconomic status was analyzed.Results: This study has helped us conclude that accidental injuries although variedly distributed between families of different socioeconomic class, were not significantly associated with lower socioeconomic status, overcrowding or parental age and employment. The only factor that emerged a risk was male gender (53.66%).Conclusions: While majority of studies indicate that lower socio-economic status is associated with higher injury risk, our study did not indicate the same. Therefore, it calls for more studies which explore the various other factors. 

scholarly journals Socio-Demographic and Clinical Correlates of Exclusive Breastfeeding practices up to Six Months of Age

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 772-780
Author(s):  
Anil Chankaramangalam Mathew ◽  
Jibin K Benny ◽  
Dona Maria Philip ◽  
C Dhanya ◽  
Melvin Joy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Status ◽  
World Health ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Paediatric Outpatient ◽  
Healthy Growth ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Impact

Background: According to the recommendations from The World Health Organization, exclusive breast feeding (EBF) should be given to infants for the first six months for healthy growth and development. However, developing countries have a wide range of variation in the practice of EBF. From this study, we aim to estimate the duration of EBF and find the impact of socio-demographic characteristics on EBF. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted at PSG Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Coimbatore in the month of July 2018. Mothers with children aged below 4 years attending the paediatric outpatient department were included in the study. Kaplan-Meier curve analysis and logistic regression analysis were employed. Results: Our analysis indicates that the prevalence of EBF was 58.4% among infants up to 6 months of age with mean duration of EBF 4.52 months. It was observed that mothers of a younger age (15-24 years) and with lower socio-economic status were negatively associated with the practice of providing EBF to infants up to six months of age. Conclusion: The findings clearly indicate that the interventions related to EBF up to six months of age should be targeted at women in the lower socio-economic status and at younger ages.

scholarly journals OBESITY;

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mazhar Nazir Chattha ◽  
Nafeesa ◽  
Rab Nawaz ◽  
Muhammad Idris Mazhar
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
School Children ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Education Of Students

Introduction: Obesity has increased in developed countries and is also increasing in the developing countries involving all ages including children. Studies undertaken in metropolitan cities of Pakistan had revealed an increased incidence of obesity in school children. This study was undertaken to know about prevalence of obesity in school children of Sialkot city by measuring body mass index (BMI), an indicator of obesity. Study Design: Descriptive cross sectional. Period: From November 2017 to January 2018. Setting: Two private schools were selected in Sialkot city. One school belonged to lower middle socio economic status (LMSE). Methodology: Students of classes 6 to 8, one from lower middle socioeconomic status (LMSE) school and other from higher socioeconomic status (HSE) school were included. Consent was taken, data was collected by questionnaire. Height and weight were measured and BMI was calculated and interpreted according to World Health Organization (WHO) sex specific BMI for age percentile charts. Results: 520 students were included in the study. 15.2% were obese, 22.1% were overweight, 5.2% were thin, 2.9% were severely thin and 54.6% were normal. 18.5% of students were obese in HSE School compared to 10.6% in LMSE School. 16.9% (n 52/307) of males and 12.7% (n 27/213) females were obese. Significant association of obesity was found with decreased exercise, increased screen time and consuming energy dense junk foods. Conclusion: Obesity and overweight are markedly high in Sialkot as compared to other studies in Pakistan. Stress should be given on prevention by education of students and parents. Healthy dietary habits and healthy living style should be promoted.

HUBUNGAN PENDIDIKAN DAN STATUS EKONOMI DENGAN STATUS GIZI IBU HAMIL TRIMESTER III DI PUSKESMAS SOSIAL PALEMBANG TAHUN 2012

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tirta Anggraini Tirta Anggraini
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Social Health ◽  
World Health ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Organization

ABSTRACT According to the World Health Organization (WHO), maternal nutritional status at the time of growth and during pregnancy can affect fetal growth and development. Based on (IDHS) survey of 2007 AKI Indonesia at 228 per 100,000 live births, although this figure is still the highest in Asia. Social health center in Palembang in 2011 the number of pregnant women with good nutritional status of 67 men (97.1%). factors that influence the nutritional status of pregnant women is the temperature of the environment, economic status, habits and views of women to food, age, education, and health status. The purpose of this study is a known relationship education and economic status with nutritional status of pregnant women in the third trimester of Social Health Center Palembang in 2012. This study uses analytic survey with cross sectional approach. The population in this study were all third trimester pregnant women who visit the health center Social Palembang in May 2012, with a sample of 30 respondents. Sampling in this study with non-random methods with techniques Accidental Sampling. Data analysis carried out univariate and bivariate statistics with Chi-Square test with significance level α = 0.05. The results showed than 30 respondents there (73.3%) of respondents that good nutritional status, higher education (76.7%), and high economic status (70.0%). The results of this study showed no significant association education and economic status with nutritional status of pregnant women in the third trimester of Social Health Center Palembang in 2012. From the results of this study, researchers hope to improve the health care workers, especially health services in Antenatal Care services pay more attention to maternal risk of poor nutritional status.   ABSTRAK Menurut World Health Organization (WHO), status gizi ibu hamil pada waktu pertumbuhan dan selama hamil dapat mempengaruhi pertumbuhan dan perkembangan janin. Berdasarkan (SDKI) survei terakhir tahun 2007 AKI Indonesia sebesar 228 per 100.000 Kelahiran Hidup, meskipun demikian angka tersebut masih tertinggi di Asia.  Di Puskesmas Sosial Palembang tahun 2011 jumlah ibu hamil yang berstatus gizi baik sebesar 67 orang (97,1%). faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi status gizi ibu hamil adalah suhu lingkungan, status ekonomi, kebiasaan dan pandangan wanita terhadap makanan, usia, pendidikan, dan status kesehatan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah diketahuinya hubungan pendidikan dan status ekonomi dengan status gizi ibu hamil trimester III di Puskesmas Sosial Palembang tahun 2012. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survey analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah semua ibu hamil trimester III yang berkunjung di Puskesmas Sosial Palembang pada bulan Mei tahun 2012, dengan jumlah sampel 30 responden. Pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini dengan metode non random dengan teknik Accidental Sampling. Analisa data dilakukan secara univariat dan bivariat dengan uji statistik Chi-Square dengan tingkat kemaknaan α = 0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari 30 responden terdapat (73,3%) responden yang berstatus gizi baik, pendidikan tinggi (76,7%), dan status ekonomi tinggi (70,0%). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan ada hubungan yang bermakna pendidikan dan status ekonomi dengan status gizi ibu hamil trimester III di Puskesmas Sosial Palembang tahun 2012. Dari hasil penelitian ini, peneliti berharap petugas pelayanan kesehatan dapat meningkatkan pelayanan kesehatan terutama dalam pelayanan Antenatal Care lebih memperhatikan kehamilan ibu yang berisiko status gizi buruk.

Effectiveness of a New Fluoride Varnish for Caries Prevention In Pre-School Children

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Pitchika ◽  
C Kokel ◽  
J Andreeva ◽  
A Crispin ◽  
R Hickel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Status ◽  
Model Potential ◽  
World Health ◽  
Fluoride Varnish ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Carious Lesions ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
And Control ◽  
Caries Lesions ◽  
Initial Statistical Analysis

Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of a new fluoride varnish (Clinpro White Varnish, 3M Espe, Seefeld, Germany) with regard to the caries incidence within a 2-year period. Study design: A non-randomized sample of 400 children from the Kyffhäuser district (Thuringia, Germany) was divided into a fluoride group (FG, biannual application of fluoride varnish) and control group (CG, no intervention). (Non-)cavitated caries lesions were recorded using World Health Organization (WHO) and Universal Visual Scoring System (UniViSS) criteria. Parents were given questionnaires to gather information about their socio-economic status (SES). Non-parametric methods and binomial logistic regression were used for data analysis. Results: There was a significant increase in caries incidence in both groups. The number of non-cavitated carious lesions was significantly lower in the FG (mean 2.2; sd 2.3) compared with the CG (mean 2.9; sd 1.9). Initial statistical analysis revealed that fluoride varnish might prevent non-cavitated carious lesions. When including SES as a confounder into regression model, potential preventive effect was lost. Conclusions: This study underlines the importance of the multi-factorial etiology of caries and illustrates that the effectiveness of biannual fluoride varnish application was evident in non-cavitated carious lesions only.

scholarly journals A Case of Polyneuropathy Following a Single Dose of Diethylcarbamazine and Albendazole During Mass Administration of Drug - A Case Report

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-58
Author(s):  
SC Kohli ◽  
UK Shrestha ◽  
VM Alurkar ◽  
A Maskey ◽  
M Parajuli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Mass Drug Administration ◽  
World Health ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

The global program to eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis created by The World Health organization in 1997 is based on mass administration of single annual doses of diethylcarbamazine ( DEC) plus albendazole in non African regions and of albendazole plus ivermectin in Africa. The usual side effects of DEC treatment include fever, chills, arthralgia, headaches, nausea, and vomiting. Albendazole is associated with relatively few side effects consisting of occasional nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, headache, reversible alopecia, elevated aminotransferases and rarely leucopenia and rash. We report a case of polyneuropathy in a young individual following DEC and albendazole during mass drug administration. Keywords: Albendazole; DEC; Polyneuropathy. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njms.v1i1.5800   Nepal Journal of Medical Sciences. 2012; 1(1): 56-58

scholarly journals Association between socio-economic status and sexual behavior of adolescents

2007 ◽  
Vol 135 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 321-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dejana Vukovic ◽  
Vesna Bjegovic-Mikanovic
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Risky Sexual Behavior ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
First Grade ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Lower Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Lower Socioeconomic ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

Introduction: Numerous studies have emphasized the importance of contextual factors as determinants of sexual behavior of adolescents. It has been found that lower socioeconomic status is associated with risky sexual behavior. Sexual behavior is individual but develops under strong influence of cultural and other influences. Objective. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of family?s socioeconomic status and risky sexual behavior of adolescents in Belgrade. Method. Self-administered questionnaire was used in secondary schools in Belgrade, and 1,782 adolescents attending first grade filled the questionnaire. For the analyses of predictors of risky sexual behavior, multiple logistic regression was used. Results. Parents? occupations did not show significant association with any of analyzed behaviors. Adolescents who received weekly disposable money above average were 2.5 times more likely to ever have had sexual intercourse, and if sexually active were more likely to use contraception. Perceived family?s wealth was a significant predictor of ever having sex (OR=1.9; CI 1.2-2.8) and not using contraception (OR=4.3; CI 1.2-15.0). Conclusion. Socioeconomic status is associated with sexual behaviors of adolescents. Fifteen-year olds who perceive their families as wealthier are more likely to ever have had sex and not use any kind of contraception. Adolescents with higher weekly income are more likely to ever have had sex and use contraception than their counterpats with less weekly disposable money. .

scholarly journals Screening diabetes mellitus patients for pulmonary tuberculosis: a multisite study in Indonesia, Peru, Romania and South Africa

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bachti Alisjahbana ◽  
Susan M McAllister ◽  
Cesar Ugarte-Gil ◽  
Nicolae Mircea Panduru ◽  
Katharina Ronacher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
World Health ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
Tb Treatment ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Background Diabetes mellitus (DM) patients are three times more likely to develop tuberculosis (TB) than the general population. Active TB screening in people with DM is part of a bidirectional approach. The aim of this study was to conduct pragmatic active TB screening among DM patients in four countries to inform policy. Methods DM patients were recruited in Indonesia (n=809), Peru (n=600), Romania (n=603) and South Africa (n=51). TB cases were diagnosed using an algorithm including clinical symptoms and chest X-ray. Presumptive TB patients were examined with sputum smear and culture. Results A total of 171 (8.3%) individuals reported ever having had TB (South Africa, 26%; Indonesia, 12%; Peru, 7%; Romania, 4%), 15 of whom were already on TB treatment. Overall, 14 (0.73% [95% confidence interval 0.40 to 1.23]) TB cases were identified from screening. Poor glucose control, smoking, lower body mass index, education and socio-economic status were associated with newly diagnosed/current TB. Thirteen of the 14 TB cases diagnosed from this screening would have been found using a symptom-based approach. Conclusions These data support the World Health Organization recommendation for routine symptom-based screening for TB in known DM patients in high TB-burden countries. DM patients with any symptoms consistent with TB should be investigated and diagnostic tools should be easily accessible.

Scarcity of Nurses in India

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 509-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reema Gill
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Human Resources For Health ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
World Health ◽  
Political Commitment ◽  
Health Related ◽  
The Government ◽  
Population Ratio ◽  
Health Organization

The human resources for health (HRH), especially nurses, constitute an important part of health systems. It is difficult to ascertain comprehensive information on the availability of health workers globally due to irregular reporting of data from the countries. However, experts have proposed minimum thresholds for achieving certain health-related Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). These thresholds have been used as yardsticks by others for determining HRH shortages in their nations. As per the minimum threshold developed by the World Health Organization (WHO), not enough health workers are available in India, especially in the rural areas. The nurse to population ratio in India is even lower than some of the other developing countries in Asia. Various factors, such as low professional and socio-economic status, gender issues, lack of political will on part of the government and unregulated private sector, have led to scarcity of nurses in numbers as well as qualitatively in India. To overcome the dismal working and social conditions, many Indian nurses are migrating to developed nations, further exacerbating the nursing shortages in the country. Inclusive planning, adequate financing and political commitment on the part of all stakeholders are required for overcoming the shortage of health personnel existing in India.

scholarly journals WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION - SCENE OF AMERICAN-CHINESE CONFRONTATIONS

2020 ◽  
pp. 75-83
Author(s):  
Svetlana CEBOTARI ◽  
Victoria BEVZIUC
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Research Topic ◽  
World Health ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Health Organization

The activity of the World Health Organization is now becoming a topic in disputes between the big power centres – the USA and China. The role of the WHO is also becoming a research topic not only for researchers in medical sciences, but also for political specialists in international relations. With the COVID-19 crisis, the WHO is becoming a scene of the major challenges – the USA and China. This Article aims to highlight the USA and China relations with reference to the work of the WHO, including the effectiveness of the organization with a global pandemic such as that of the COVID-19.

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