A study on utilization of antenatal care services in urban slums of Amritsar city, Punjab, India

Background: Rapid urbanization in India is fuelling a growth in urban poverty, particularly in the urban slums where the quality of life is extremely poor. There have been limited efforts to capture the health of population living in urban slums and most severely affected are the women of childbearing age and children. So the present study was carried out to assess the utilization pattern of antenatal care and to identify the factors affecting it in urban slums of Amritsar city.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 1600 houses selected randomly in four slum areas of Amritsar city in which 659 married women in the reproductive age group of 15-49 years who had at least 1 child and had delivered the last child in the last 3 years were found. Total 659 women were interviewed using a pre-designed and pre-tested proforma.Results: 58.4% of respondent women attended at least one antenatal visit during last pregnancy. Maximum (43.4%) attended 2 antenatal visits. Majority (64.4%) had their first antenatal visit in 2nd trimester. Majority (57.1%) consumed <100 IFA tablets. Majority (65.6%) were fully immunized with 2 doses/booster of TT. Lack of knowledge about ANC services was the reason given by most of the women (31.0%) for not attending any antenatal visit. The utilization of antenatal care (ANC) services by women was found to be significantly associated with their age, education, birth order, socio-economic status and husband’s education.Conclusions: The utilization of antenatal care services was found to be poor in the study population. Important barriers to service utilization were found to be lack of awareness and lack of felt need. This shows the need for intensive efforts to be made in slum areas to create awareness among women by Behaviour Change Communication (BCC) activities.

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FACTORS AFFECTING UTILIZATION OF ANTENATAL CARE SERVICES IN SANA'A CITY, YEMEN

Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine ◽

10.37268/mjphm/vol.17/no.3/art.230 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

pp. 1-14

Author(s):

Seham Othman ◽

Taha Almahbashi ◽

Alabed Ali A. Alabed

Keyword(s):

Antenatal Care ◽

Signs And Symptoms ◽

First Trimester ◽

Health Problems ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Danger Signs ◽

Care Services ◽

Mother Education

Antenatal care is a vital part of primary healthcare that is known to improve maternal and newborn outcomes. The aim of this study was to identify the factors affecting utilization of antenatal care services for women in reproductive age in Yemen. This cross-sectional community-based study was conducted in six districts of Sana’a City, Yemen. Data were collected from 460 mothers who gave birth in the past six months via face-to-face interviews at home between September to December 2010. Only 54% of mothers were found to have made four or more antenatal care visits. Almost two third of participants made their first visit during their first trimester due to presence of health problems and did not follow up when they became healthy during pregnancy. Reasons for not receiving antenatal care services due to absence of health problems, high cost of antenatal care services, long waiting time, and poor staff attitude. Sixty percent of participants were unaware of the danger symptoms of common health problems in pregnancy. The significant factors affecting utilization of antenatal services were mother education, residence place, age at first pregnancy, gravida, parity, occurrence of pregnancy without planning, and number of live children (P<0.05). The factors affecting the number of visits were mother education, place of residence, and husband work were (P<0.05). Future healthcare activities should focus on improving women’s awareness of the importance of antenatal care even in the absence of noticeable health problems and lack of education about the common danger signs and symptoms of pregnancy.

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Maternal healthcare services use in Mwanza Region, Tanzania: A cross-sectional baseline survey

10.21203/rs.2.15849/v3 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

James Orwa ◽

Michaela Mantel ◽

Micheal Mugerwa ◽

Sharon Brownie ◽

Eunice Siaity Pallangyo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antenatal Care ◽

Health Facility ◽

Healthcare Services ◽

Facility Delivery ◽

Postpartum Care ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Antenatal Visit ◽

Health Facility Delivery ◽

Maternal Healthcare ◽

Cross Sectional

Abstract Background: Improving maternal health by reducing maternal mortality/morbidity relates to Goal 3 of the Sustainable Development Goals. Achieving this goal is supported by antenatal care (ANC), health facility delivery, and postpartum care. This study aimed to understand levels of use and correlates of uptake of maternal healthcare services among women of reproductive age (15–49 years) in Mwanza Region, Tanzania. Methods: A cross-sectional multi-stage sampling household survey was conducted to obtain data from 1476 households in six districts of Mwanza Region. Data for the 409 women who delivered in the 2 years before the survey were analyzed for three outcomes: four or more ANC visits (ANC4+), health facility delivery, and postpartum visits. Factors associated with the three outcomes were determined using generalized estimating equations to account for clustering at the district level while adjusting for all variables. Results: Of the 409 eligible women, 58.2% attended ANC4+, 76.8% delivered in a health facility, and 43.5% attended a postpartum clinic. Women from peri-urban, island, and rural regions were less likely to have completed ANC4+ or health facility delivery compared with urban women. Education and early first antenatal visit were associated with ANC4+ and health facility delivery. Mothers from peri-urban areas and those who with health facility delivery were more likely to attend postpartum check-ups. Conclusion: Use of ANC services in early pregnancy influences the number of ANC visits, leading to higher uptake of ANC4+ and health facility delivery. Postpartum check-ups for mothers and newborns are associated with health facility delivery. Encouraging early initiation of ANC visits may increase the uptake of maternal healthcare services. Keywords: Antenatal care, health facility delivery, postpartum care, Mwanza, Tanzania

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Utilization of Antenatal Care Services in Urban Slums of Nanded City

The Journal of Medical Research ◽

10.31254/jmr.2019.5207 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 69-73

Author(s):

Sunita P. Pawar ◽

◽

Geeta S. Pardeshi ◽

Shriram Gosavi ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antenatal Care ◽

Service Utilization ◽

Care Service ◽

Urban Slums ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Care Utilization ◽

Special Focus ◽

Age Group ◽

Care Services ◽

Reproductive Age Group

Background: Complications during pregnancy and delivery are well documented and can be prevented and managed effectively especially with adequate antenatal care. Women in urban slums represent a marginalized community and improving health care utilization in this group remains a challenge. Objective: To study existing antenatal care practices and study the factors associated with it among women of reproductive age group in urban slums of Nanded city. Methods: This is a community based cross sectional descriptive study carried out from March 2010 to April 2011 in which 400 women reporting delivery in past two years were selected using Probability Proportionate Sampling. Data on Sociodemographic factors and different components of antennal care were collected using a Semi structured questionnaire. Analysis was done using chi square test. Results: Among the 400 women included in the study, coverage of full Antenatal care (ANC) services was reported by 80 (20%) respondents. While 381 (95%) women were immunized with Tetanus Toxoid, only 98 (25%) women had consumed 100 or more Iron and Folic acid tablets, 315 (79%) women had three or more antenatal check-ups and 213 (53%) had registered themselves in first trimester of pregnancy. There was significant association between full antenatal care and woman’s education, husband’s education and occupation, religion and socio-economic status of family (<0.05). Conclusion: There is a need to improve the utilization of full antenatal care package among women in urban slums with a special focus on early registration and IFA consumption. Sociodemographic variables of reproductive age group women have impact on utilization of antenatal care services. The risk factors identified for low antenatal care service utilization were low educational status of women and their husbands and low socioeconomic status. Special efforts should be made to motivate this group for antenatal care service utilization

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Factors resulting in non-utilization of Antenatal Care Services from Public Sector Hospitals in the rural area of Bahawalpur

Journal of Sheikh Zayed Medical College ◽

10.47883/jszmc.v11i03.128 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 8-12

Keyword(s):

Public Sector ◽

Antenatal Care ◽

Health Facility ◽

Care Delivery ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Population Data ◽

Childbearing Age ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Care Services ◽

Study Population

Background: Knowledge regarding the factors impeding the using antenatal care would help in effective maternal and child health care delivery. Objective: To enlist the barriers resulting in the non-utilization of antenatal care in public sector hospitals in Bahawalpur. Methodology: This was cross-sectional study conducted in the catchment area of public sector healthcare facilities of Bahawalpur, from 20th February to 20th September 2019. The study population comprised of 152 females of childbearing age selected by systematic multistage random sampling technique. A pre-designed and pre-structured questionnaire was the tool for data collection from the study population. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20. Results: Non-utilization of antenatal care services was found in 44% of women. Barriers resulting in non-utilization of antenatal care were found to be as follows; permission not granted by husband in 25.37%, no awareness about the availability of health services in 17.91%, the distance of the residence from a health facility in 14.93%, no awareness about the existence of health facility in 13.43%, unavailability of medicines in 11.94%, unavailability of staff in 8.96% and unfriendly staff in 7.46% women. Conclusion: This study concluded that the main barriers experienced by consumers of public sector antenatal care services were permission not granted, distance from the residence, and awareness regarding health facility.

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Poverty among households living in slum area of Hlaing Tharyar Township, Yangon City, Myanmar

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ◽

10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20172435 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (6) ◽

pp. 2497 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Thet Htwe ◽

Win M. Oo ◽

Nay Lwin ◽

Kyaw H. Win ◽

Hlaing T. Dar

Keyword(s):

Urban Poverty ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Poverty Line ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Urban Slums ◽

Dramatic Improvement ◽

Slum Area ◽

Poverty Level ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Slum Areas

Background: Slums can be regarded as physical manifestations of urban poverty. Although the world has made dramatic improvement in reducing poverty since 1990, poverty still persists at an unacceptable level. Although current situations highlights the importance of slum areas to be given priority in poverty alleviation, there are limited data on poverty level among people living in urban slums of Myanmar.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among households living in slum areas of Hlaing Tharyar Township, Yangon City, Myanmar during 2016. Multi-staged systematic random sampling and face-to-face interview were applied in selecting the samples and collecting the data, respectively. The new global poverty line (1.9 USD per person per day) was used as a threshold in determining the poverty. Chi-squared test and multivariate logistic regression analysis were utilized in data analysis.Results: Altogether 254 participants were recruited after getting informed consent. The occurrence of poverty among households was 54.3% (95% CI: 48.2%, 60.5%). Head counts of poverty among study population was 58.8%. The education status of household’s head, size of household and the presence of less than 15 years old children in the household were detected as significant determinants of being poor household.Conclusions: Poverty among households living in slum area of Hlaing Tharyar Township, Yangon City was high. Measures to alleviate poverty in urban slums should be intensified. Education level of household’s heads should be improved. Family planning or birth spacing programme should also be strengthened, especially in urban slums.

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A STUDY ON UTILIZATION OF ANTENATAL CARE SERVICES IN THE RURAL AREA OF WEST GODAVARI DISTRICT, ANDHRA PRADESH.

10.36106/gjra/9801284 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 32-38

Author(s):

Spandana Pamidi ◽

JJ Babu Geddam ◽

N. Parthasarathy

Keyword(s):

Antenatal Care ◽

Rural Area ◽

Andhra Pradesh ◽

Positive Association ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Care Utilization ◽

Health Seeking ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Care Services ◽

Poor Women

Introduction: Antenatal care is vital for prevention, early diagnosis and treatment of general and pregnancy-related complications. However, there is vast disparity in the utilization of antenatal care services. 1) To determine the level of the utilization of antenatal care services (ANC) at PHC lev Objectives: el. 2) To study the association between socio-demographic factors and utilization of ANC services. 3) To increase awareness of ANC services through health education. A cross-sectional community based study was carried out among the women o Methods: f reproductive age group (15- 49 years) for six months from 1st January to 31st june 2017 in the rural area of West Godavari District, Andhra Pradesh using a predesigned, pretested proforma. A total of 22 Results: 4 women were studied; 79 p.c were Hindus, only 6.7 p.c were illiterate, 99.6 p.c were aged 18 and above, 80.4 p.c were housewives and 49.1 p.c were primigravida. All the women were registered for Antenatal checkups, of whom 82.1 p.c were registered in the rst trimester; 54.5 p.c had more than four ANC visits during their pregnancies; 51.8 p.c received full course of IFA tablets and 100 p.c had received at least one Tetanus Toxoid injection, (30.4 p.c) women received full package of ANC. Many of the women (67.6 p.c) utilized government health facility for full ANC package. The results reveal that women who were in socio-economically a Conclusion: dvantageous position were much more likely to use ANC services. The most important result from this analysis on health-seeking behaviour is that several socio-economic characteristics, particularly education of the women as well as economic status of household have strong positive association with health-care utilization. The access to maternal and health services for women who belong to the poor economic background was limited. So, study suggests there is a strong need for exhilarating the coverage of ANC services among poor women. The factors which effected on ANC utilization services were poor women, less educated women, very young mothers, women of marginalized communities, women who were most disadvantaged were least likely to utilize available ANC services to the full extent.

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Utilization of Antenatal Care Services in Dalit Communities in Gorkha, Nepal: A Cross-Sectional Study

Journal of Pregnancy ◽

10.1155/2018/3467308 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Mamata Sherpa Awasthi ◽

Kiran Raj Awasthi ◽

Harish Singh Thapa ◽

Bhuvan Saud ◽

Sarita Pradhan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Maternal Health ◽

Antenatal Care ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Early Marriage ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Socioeconomic Condition ◽

Low Socioeconomic ◽

Care Services ◽

Child Bearing

Background and Objective. Antenatal care (ANC) is one of the main components of maternal health. Utilization of safe motherhood is deprived in women who belong to low-caste groups like Dalit of Nepal. Low socioeconomic status, poor knowledge and awareness on obstetric complications, lack of decision-making autonomy, and limited health care options lead to underutilization of existing maternal health care service. The aim of this study was to ascertain the utilization of antenatal care services in terms of ANC visits with health personnel, receiving recommended period of iron tablets, consumption of antihelminthes and number of Tetanus Toxoid (TT) vaccines taken among child bearing women in Dalit community. Materials and Methods. Descriptive cross-sectional research design was used to conduct the study of 150 child bearing women of reproductive age (15-49 years) having at least one child up to three years of age in a Dalit community of Gorkha from March 2015 to March 2016. The data was collected from each mother by conducting face to face interview with each household by using a questionnaire. Result. The study revealed that mean age at marriage of respondents was 17.7 years and mean age at first pregnancy was 18 years. 44.6% of respondents experienced complication during last pregnancy, labour, and postpartum period in their last pregnancy. 59.3% of respondents stated that neighbors, relatives, and traditional healers were the best first contact person during health problem of women. 76.0% of respondents had attended antepartum visit during their last pregnancy whereas 24.0% of respondents did not attend any antepartum clinic. 68.3% of the mothers had consumed Iron/Folates within 45 days after delivery. Only 30.0% of respondents received antihelminthes (albendazole) while 70.0% of respondents had received TT Vaccines during their last pregnancy. Age, type of family, and education of the mothers were significantly associated with utilization of antenatal care services. Conclusion. Even though there is reasonable good utilization rate of antenatal service, the study revealed that low education and awareness among mothers, low socioeconomic condition, early marriage and pregnancy, inappropriate antenatal health check-up, and cultural taboos were significant factors affecting the satisfactory utilization of services among the Dalit community. Hence, there is a need to emphasize on raising awareness of Dalit mothers for receiving available prenatal services.

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Coverage of intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy in four sub-Saharan countries: findings from household surveys

International Journal of Epidemiology ◽

10.1093/ije/dyaa233 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Clara Pons-Duran ◽

Mireia Llach ◽

Charfudin Sacoor ◽

Sergi Sanz ◽

Eusebio Macete ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antenatal Care ◽

Intermittent Preventive Treatment ◽

Preventive Treatment ◽

Malaria Prevention ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Cluster Sampling ◽

Household Surveys ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Sub Saharan ◽

In Pregnancy

Abstract Background Intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy (IPTp) with sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) is a key malaria prevention strategy in areas with moderate to high transmission. As part of the TIPTOP (Transforming IPT for Optimal Pregnancy) project, baseline information about IPTp coverage was collected in eight districts from four sub-Saharan countries: Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Madagascar, Mozambique and Nigeria. Methods Cross-sectional household surveys were conducted using a multistage cluster sampling design to estimate the coverage of IPTp and antenatal care attendance. Eligible participants were women of reproductive age who had ended a pregnancy in the 12 months preceding the interview and who had resided in the selected household during at least the past 4 months of pregnancy. Coverage was calculated using percentages and 95% confidence intervals. Results A total of 3911 women were interviewed from March to October 2018. Coverage of at least three doses of IPTp (IPTp3+) was 22% and 24% in DRC project districts; 23% and 12% in Madagascar districts; 11% and 16% in Nigeria local government areas; and 63% and 34% in Mozambique districts. In DRC, Madagascar and Nigeria, more than two-thirds of women attending at least four antenatal care visits during pregnancy received less than three doses of IPTp. Conclusions The IPTp3+ uptake in the survey districts was far from the universal coverage. However, one of the study districts in Mozambique showed a much higher coverage of IPTp3+ than the other areas, which was also higher than the 2018 average national coverage of 41%. The reasons for the high IPTp3+ coverage in this Mozambican district are unclear and require further study.

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PENGARUH AKSES DAN MOTIVASI TERHADAP PERILAKU IBU HAMIL DALAM MELAKUKAN KUNJUNGAN ANTENATAL DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS PANCUR BATU TAHUN 2015

Elisabeth Health Jurnal ◽

10.52317/ehj.v1i2.202 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 48-60

Author(s):

Oktafiana Manurung ◽

Ermawaty Arisandi Siallagan

Keyword(s):

Antenatal Care ◽

World Health Organization ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

World Health ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

Antenatal Visit ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The World ◽

Health Organization

According to the World Health Organization (WHO) Indonesian women have According to the World Health Organization (WHO) Indonesian women have very bad criteria in terms of health, marriage, employment, education, equality with men. This condition is thought to lead to low maternal access to antenatal care. Goals : Antenatal care in accordance with antenatal care standards may decrease Maternal and Infant Mortality due to regular antenatal care can detect early problems that occur in the mother during pregnancy.Methods : The type of this research is analytical descriptive with cross sectional design which aims to analyze the influence of access and motivation of pregnant mother to mother behavior in doing antenatal visit. The research was conducted in Pancur Batu Puskesmas Working Area. The population is 181 people and the sample size is 61 people. Data analysis was performed using univariate analysis, bivariate analysis with Chi-Square test, and multivariate analysis with multiple logistic regression test.Result : The result of this research indicate that physical accessibility variable is the availability of unrelated officer (p = 0,461) to mother behavior in antenatal visit, social accessibility variable (p = 0,005) and attitude (p = 0,023), and for motivation variable is motive P = 0.005) and expectations (p = 0.019) had a significant effect on maternal behavior in antenatal visits.Conclution : Based on the results of research suggested Head of Pancur Batu Puskesmas to conduct training to officers especially midwives who provide services mainly about hospitality in providing services and to officers implementing services further improve the communication of information and education so that every pregnant women have a good understanding that can eventually cause attitude Positive, high motivation and expectation that can affect the mother in conducting standardized antenatal visits.

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Factors associated with use of antenatal care services in a rural area of Bangladesh

South East Asia Journal of Public Health ◽

10.3329/seajph.v2i2.15956 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 61-66 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Md Shahjahan ◽

Hasina Akhter Chowdhury ◽

Jesmin Akter ◽

Afsana Afroz ◽

M Mizanur Rahman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antenatal Care ◽

Rural Women ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sampling Frame ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Care Services ◽

Postnatal Mothers ◽

Living Children ◽

Rural Mothers ◽

Available Information

Antenatal care (ANC) includes care during pregnancy, should begin from the early stages of pregnancy. ANC al-lows management of pregnancy, detection and treatment of complications, and promotion of better maternal and child health. This study assessed the factors relating to maternal healthcare practices in rural Bangladesh and exam-ined the association between use of antenatal care services and socio-demographic variables of rural women. A community based cross-sectional study was conducted in Madhupur upazila of Tangail district. Postnatal mothers who visited the Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) centers constituted as sampling frame and selected. The sample size was determined based available information on the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS) 2007. In total 360 randomly selected postnatal mothers were interviewed using structured questionnaire for collecting information on demographic characteristics, knowledge on ANC and practices. The mean (±SD) age of the respondents was 24(±4.4) years. Most (95.6%) of them were housewives. Twenty-two percent of the respon-dents were from the poorest socioeconomic class. Mothers who had one living child had the highest percentage of adequate ANC use compared to those who had two or more living children. Access to mass media (newspapers and TV) had a positive significant (p<0.001) effect on the use of ANC services. The results of logistic regression analy-sis showed that, after adjusting other factors, respondents who had secondary-level education were 4.5 times more likely to use ANC adequately compared to those who had no education. The findings suggested that education of the mothers is an important determinant of ANC visits during pregnancy. Therefore, information, education and communication on ANC must be intensified in order to reach the rural mothers. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/seajph.v2i2.15956 South East Asia J Public Health | Jul-Dec 2012 | Vol 2 Issue 2 | 61-66

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